Neurones Flashcards
(11 cards)
1
Q
What are neurones?
A
Specialised nerve cells that move electrical impulses to and from the CNS
2
Q
What are the parts to a neuron?
A
- cell body
- nucleus
- dendrites
- axon
- myelin sheath
- Schwann cells
- nodes of ranvier
3
Q
What do dendrites do?
A
- receives electrical impulse (action potential) from other neurones or sensory receptors
4
Q
What is an axon?
A
A long fibre that carries the action potential from the cell body to the axon terminal
5
Q
What is the myelin sheath?
A
An insulating layer that protects the axon and speeds up transmission of action potential
6
Q
What are Schwann cells?
A
They make up the myelin sheath
7
Q
What are nodes of ranvier?
A
Gaps in the myelin sheath that speed up action potential along the axon
8
Q
What are the three types of neurones?
A
- motor
- sensory
- relay
9
Q
What are sensory neurones?
A
- found in sensory receptors
- carry action potentials from receptors to CNS via PNS
- converts receptors information into an action potential
10
Q
What are motor neurones?
A
- located in the CNS but axons project outside of the CNS
- send action potentials to effectors (glands and muscles)
11
Q
What are relay neurones?
A
- found in CNS
- connects sensory and motor neurones
