Neurones & Nervous coordination Flashcards
(7 cards)
1
Q
Why do body systems have to work together?
A
- cells have become adapted to perform specialist functions
- this makes cells dependent upon others to carry out the functions they no longer specialise in
2
Q
What is the nervous system?
A
- the nervous system uses nerve cells to pass electrical impulses to other cells
- they stimulate their target cells by secreting chemicals, called neurotransmitters
3
Q
What is the hormonal system?
A
- the hormonal system produces chemicals that are transported in the blood plasma to their target cells
- the target cells have specific receptors on their cell-surface membranes which are stimulated by hormones
4
Q
What is the motor neurone made up of?
A
- cell body contains organelle needed to produce proteins and neurotransmitters
- dendrons branch into smaller dendrites to carry nerve impulses to the cell body
- axon carries nerve impulses away from the cell body
- Schwann cells act as electrical Insulators of the axon removing debris through phagocytosis
- Myelin sheath is made up of Schwann cells surrounded my a myelin membrane
- nodes of Ranvier are gaps between Schwann cells that the nerve impulse must jump across
5
Q
What are the similarities and differences between the hormonal system and the nervous system?
A
- hormones vs nerve impulse
- blood vs neurones
- slow vs rapid
- widespread vs localised
- long lasting vs short lived
- permanent vs temporary
6
Q
What are the different types of neurones?
A
- sensory neurones transmit information from the receptors to the CNS
- motor neurones transmit information from the CNS to the effectors
- intermediate neurones relay information from sensory neurones to motor neurones in the CNS
7
Q
What are ageing neurones?
A
- neurones are found throughout the brain
- the number of dendrites increase with age unless Alzheimer’s disease is present the number is drastically reduced
