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BioPsychology > Neurons > Flashcards

Neurons Flashcards

1
Q

The cell body

A

Holds nucleus

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2
Q

The nucleus

A

Holds genetic info

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3
Q

Dendrites

A

Carry nerve impulses from neighbouring neurons

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4
Q

Axon

A

Carry impulse away from cell body down neuron

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5
Q

Myelin sheath

A

Fatty layer, protects axon and speeds electrical transmission

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6
Q

Nodes of ranvier

A

Gaps between sheath, speeds up transmission by forcing it to jump across the gaps on the axon

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7
Q

Terminal buttons

A

End of the axon, communicated with the next neuron

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8
Q

What are the 3 neurons

A

Sensory, relay, motor

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9
Q

Sensory neuron

A

Found in receptors(eyes/skin)
Send nerve impulses to spinal cord/brain
Long dendrites-short axons

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10
Q

Relay neuron

A

Between sensory input and motor output
Send nerve impulses to brain/spinal cord
Short dendrites-short or long axon

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11
Q

Motor neuron

A

Found in CNS
Controls muscle movements
When stimulated-release neurotransmitters-bind to receptors on muscle movement
Short dendrite-long axon

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12
Q

synaptic transmission

A

Chemical impulse between neurons

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13
Q

Chemical impulse

A

Travels between neurons

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14
Q

Action potential

A

Electrical impulse that travels within a neuron-transforms the inside of an axon from a negatively charged to a positively charged channel

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15
Q

Electrical impulse

A

Travels within a neuron

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16
Q

Describe the direction of an electrical impulse

A

Received along dendrites and cell body, continue to travel down the axon towards the axon terminal

17
Q

Describe how synaptic transmission occurs

A
  1. Action potential reaches axon terminal
  2. Calcium channel opens up
    3.Ca2+ causes vesicles to release neurotransmitter
  3. Neurotransmitter binds to neuroreceptor
  4. Triggers signal in post synaptic neuron, resulting in excitatory or inhibitory response
18
Q

Excitatory

A

On switch
Excitation of post synaptic neurons- more likely to fire
Adrenaline

19
Q

Inhibitory

A

Off switch
Inhibition of post synaptic neuron, less likely to fire
Serotonin/GABA

BioPsychology (8 decks)

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