Neurons Flashcards
(22 cards)
Metabotropic receptors
Ligand binds to the receptor and activates intracellular events.
Insulin receptor-activates tyrosine kinase
Janus kinase-the receptor is different from the
GPCRs
Ionotropic receptor
Ligand gated ion channels that changes shape when a ligand binds.
Corticospinal neurons
Neurons that run the brain to the spinal chord. Cross over in the brain stem.
Increased diameter
Increased conductance.
Nernst equation
RT/ZF*ln(out/in)
Increased Nernst potential
Increased resting potential
Sodium potassium pump
Uses ATP to pump potassium in and sodium out. Creates the Na/K gradient which acts as a voltage source.
Voltage
(GnaEna+GkEk)/(Gna+Gk)
Curare
Antagonist to nicotine binding.
Excitatory
More likely to induce action potential
Inhibitory
Makes it less to have an action potential
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Voltage increase in postsynaptic neuron.
Ech>T
A single EPSP will not always cause t to cross threshold instead they will have to sum
Synaptic Delay
The delay between the action potential in the presynaptic neuron and the EPSP in the postsynaptic neuron.
About 1ns
Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potential
Released neurotransmitter makes it harder for the postsynaptic neuron the fire.
Voltage gated Ca Channel
Tetramere
Sensitive to voltage and therefore opens with an AP.
Located in the presynaptic neuron and causes Ca to come in which causes the release of neurotransmitter from vesicles.
Firing Rate
The action potential frequency. The unit is Hz. #impulses/second
Excitatory Neuron
A presynaptic neuron that affects the postsynaptic neuron in an excitatory way.
Increase A=increase B
Decrease A=decrease B
Inhibitory neuron
A presynaptic neuron that has inhibitory effects on the postsynaptic neuron.
Increase A = Decrease B
Decrease A = Increase B
Skin mechanoreceptor
A neuron located on the surface of your skin that is sensitive to touch. It is activates by applied pressure.
Afferent
Tactile neuron
IA muscle spindle stretch receptor
Neuron embedded within the muscle that detects when a muscle changes length. The length change causes a change in firing rate.
Carotid artery baroreceptor
This measures the pressure in the carotid artery (aka blood pressure). This acts as the sensor in a negative feedback loop that ensures adequate blood to the brain.
Knee extensor muscle
The muscle connected to the top of the patellar tendon. This is the muscle that causes the knee reflex because of the activation of the spindle stretch receptors within the muscle.
