neurons and their parts Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in neurons and their parts Deck (17)
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1
Q

axon

A

conducting fiber

2
Q

hillock

A

most effective region of the axon

3
Q

nissl bodies

A

rough endoplasmic reticulum synthesizing proteins in neurons

4
Q

dendrites

A

receives information

end of axon

5
Q

soma

A

cell body of a neuron

6
Q

neurons

A

carry/transmit information by conduction of electrical impulses or action potentials

7
Q

neuroglia

A

provide support and matinenance functions for neural tissue (CANNOT TRANSMIT POTENTIALS)

8
Q

schwann cells

A

PNS

insulates and ASSISTS in regeneration and repair of axons

9
Q

oligodendrocytes

A

CNS

insulates and RESISTS regeneration of axons

  • stroke is hard to treat because oligodendrocytes don’t allow regeneration
10
Q

astrocytes

A

CNS

form blood-brain barrier

11
Q

microglia

A

CNS

“sanitation department”

12
Q

satellite cells

A

PNS

provide support within ganglia (clusters of functionally united neurons)

13
Q

ependymal cells

A

CNS

secrete CSF within brain ventricles, provide brain-CSF barrier

  • situated in lateral ventricles and third ventricles
14
Q

afferent

A

SENSORY / ASCENDING

bring information from effector organs and tissues to PNS, then CNS for interpretation

15
Q

efferent

A

MOTOR / DESCENDING

coming from CNS and PNS to effector organs and tissues to “make things happen”

16
Q

associative

A

INTERNEURONS

“middle men” that balance between the two

  • MAJORITY OF NEURONS
17
Q

synaptic end bulb

A

secretes synaptic vesicles containing neurotransmitters