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Neuropath Facts Flashcards

1
Q

what can reduce incidence of neural tube defects

A

folate supplementation

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2
Q

can you cure meningiomas

A

yes - with resection

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3
Q

bright patchy CT, hypodensity

A

Aspergillus

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4
Q

pathological hallmark of TAI

A

axonal spheroids

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5
Q

what is the prognosis of a glial tumor based on

A

histologic grade

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6
Q

T/F meningiomas are intra-axial

A

F - they are extra-axial

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7
Q

other problems in PD - not TARP

A

dementia and dysautonomia

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8
Q

serious complication of prematurity < 30 week preemies

A

IVH

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9
Q

best way to detect ischemic infarct

A

MRI

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10
Q

what else can be affected besides motor neurons in GBS

A

autonomics

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11
Q

acute relief of GBS can be achieved by

A

plasmapheresis

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12
Q

pathological hallmarks of AD

A

NF tangles, senile plaques

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13
Q

one of most common brain tumor of childhood

A

medulloblastoma

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14
Q

most common location of metastatic carcinoma

A

intra-axial or leptomeningial

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15
Q

T/F PSP and MSA respond to L-Dopa

A

F

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16
Q

thunderclap =

A

SAH

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17
Q

what cells can be lost in the motor cortex in ALS

A

betz cells

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18
Q

mild form of TAI

A

concussion

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19
Q

LMN manifestations of ALS

A

lol

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20
Q

how to diagnose IVH

A

lumbar puncture

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21
Q

cause of IVH

A

post-natal hypoxia

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22
Q

T/F spinal cord is nonfunctional at or below meningomyelocele sac

A

T

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23
Q

what are clinical signs of intraaxial (parenchymal) brain tumors

A

new onset seizures, slowly progressive neuro impairment

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24
Q

what does sclerosis mean in ALS

A

axonal loss with gliosis

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25
most common cause of purulent meningitis
strep pneumo (g+ diplo)
26
common cause of viral encephalitis
HSV
27
major MRI finding for meningioma
dural tail and solid enhancement
28
immune suppressed patients are at high risk of which organisms
aspergillus and candida
29
common symptoms of increased ICP
up pressure in posterior fossa and cerebellar symptoms
30
characteristic pathological change in muscle in ALS
fiber type grouping and group atrophy
31
HIV patients are at high risk of which organisms
CMV, PML, HSV, crypto, toxo, atypical bacteria
32
do you live after a hypertensive hemorrhage?
no
33
clinical features of ALS
spasticity and hyperreflexia
34
2 major short term complications of SAH
rebleeding and vasospasm =\> infarction
35
T/F you need to have underlying vascular pathology to have dissection
F
36
ring enhancement of mass in CNS means
central necrosis
37
pathology of aspergillosis
necrosis, hemorrhage, hyphae, infiltrate
38
main cause of TAI
axonal shearing from acceleration/deceleration
39
acute blood is best visualized with
CT
40
what is a life threatening complication of HSVE
cerebral edema
41
do you have permanent neuro deficits with recovery from HSVE
yes
42
MRI findings for AD
atrophy of mesial temporal
43
most common primary brain neoplasm
glioblastoma
44
major complication in children who survive IVH
hydrocephalus
45
areas of loss in PSP and MSA
substantia nigra + striatum
46
spot in brain that alzheimers tends to begin
mesial temporal lobe (memory)
47
most common cause of neurodegen dementia
alzheimers
48
distribution of HSV encephalitis
limbics
49
2 major complications of purulent meningitis
vasculitis with infarction, collagenous deposition of lepto with hydroceph
50
what does T2/FLAIR show for HSVE
contrast enhancement reflecting edema and disruption of BBB
51
how many people with 1 aneurysm have another
10-20%
52
common vascular pathology in AD
amyloid angiopathy in CNS
53
signs of PD
TRAP
54
Type of demyelination in GBS
segmental with axonal sparring
55
typical presentation of GBS
ascending weakness over short time period
56
most important cause of long-term neuro deficits after closed head injury
TAI
57
death after cerebral infarction usually is from
herniation after edema
58
most frequent location of dissection in young
internal carotid and vertebral
59
pathological hallmark of PD
lewy bodies
60
most common cause of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage
hypertensive pontine hemorrhage
61
embolic = what type of infarct
hemorrhagic
62
most common cause of vascular occlusion in young
dissection
63
T/F ALS affects sensory neurons
F
64
cause of post natal hypoxia
hyaline membrane disease
65
prognosis of medulloblastoma
good with radio + chemo
66
are glial tumors stationary or movers
movers
67
common site of degeneration in parkinsonism
substantia nigra
68
major finding in ACM
neural tube defect
69
T/F primary CNS neoplasms like to metastasize
F
70
common sequelae of TAI
intraparenchymal hemorrhage, cerebral contusion
71
characteristic locations of spont intracerebral hem
striatum/thalamus, pons, cerebellum, cerebral lobes
72
diagnosis of MS
clinical history + MRI + oligos
73
CSF profile of purulent meningitis
up WBC (PMN), down glucose, up protein
74
risk factors for cerebral infarction
CV/systemic vascular disease, HTN, previous myo infarct
75
other causes of parkinsonism
PSP, MSA
76
what happens when you have an intracranial dissection
you die
77
what will increased pressure in the posterior fossa lead to
vomitting
78
main infiltrate cell in viral encephalitis
lymphocytes
79
which ventricles in ACM have hydrocephalus
1, 2, 3
80
acute pathology of MS
inflammatory autoimmune with lymphocytes and macrophages
81
posterior fossa is enlarged or shrunken in ACM
shrunken
82
T/F cerebral infarction is rare in young people
T
83
another term for small infarct
lacunar
84
Time course of viral encephalitis
insidious over a few days
85
where do medulloblastomas like to spread to
throughout neuraxis (can lead to radiculopathy)
86
outcome of CNS Aspergillosis
mark makes a poopy
87
where are infiltrates confined to in meningitis
subarachnoid space
88
long term complication of SAH
hydrocephalus from meningeal fibrosis
89
etiology of GBS
monophasic autoimmune attack vs PNS myelin
90
main cell lost in MS
oligodendrocytes
91
where else does IVH spread to
subarachnoid space
92
T/F MS plaques are sharply circumscribed
T

Neuro/Psych (3 decks)

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