Neuropharmacology

Question 1

Amino Acid NT =

Answer 1

Serotonin and GABA

Question 2

Catecholamine NT =

Answer 2

NE, dopamine, EPI

Question 3

Synaptic Neurotransmission Process

Answer 3

AP leads to calcium influx which causes exocytosis of NT vesicles that can act on ionotropic, metabotropic or presynaptic receptors
They then get reuptaken/metabolized, membranes get recycled, dense core granules with neuropeptides come out to release neuropeptides

Question 4

NT that are reuptaken =

Answer 4

Dopamine, NE, GABA

Question 5

NT that are metabolized =

Answer 5

ACh and peptides

Question 6

NT that are reuptaken by glial cells =

Answer 6

Glutamate

Question 7

Excitatory NT

Answer 7

propagates signal farther to have more action potentials down the line

Question 8

Inhibitory NT

Answer 8

hyperpolarization and signal will not be propagated any further

Question 9

Important for drug binding a specific receptor

Answer 9

Hydrophobicity
pKa
Conformation
Spatial arrangement

Question 10

Ionotropic receptors =

Answer 10

ligand gated ion channels

Question 11

Define Ionotropic receptors

Answer 11

Release NT causes electrical effects on postsynaptic neuron by opening a specific ion channel
Complex

Question 12

Metabotropic receptors =

Answer 12

G-protein coupled receptors

Question 13

Define Metabotropic receptors

Answer 13

Single subunit
Conformation change which activates this family
Serotonin!!!

Question 14

Glutamate is synthesized from

Answer 14

Glutamine is released by glial cells and broken down via presynaptic terminals

Question 15

Glutamate is what type of NT

Answer 15

Fast EXCITATORY

Question 16

Ionotropic glutamate receptors Non-NMDA

Answer 16

Fast depolarization (AMPA and kainate)

Question 17

Ionotropic glutamate receptors NMDA

Answer 17

Learning/memory

Question 18

GABA is synthesized from

Answer 18

Glutamate

Question 19

GABA is what type of NT

Answer 19

Inhibitory

Question 20

GABA purpose is

Answer 20

Prevent neurons from firing too often and too easily

Question 21

Low GABA =

Answer 21

anxiety, seizures, PARKINSON’s

Question 22

GABA(A) =

Answer 22

ionotropic
Modulator of barbiturates and BZD
Antagonists for flumazenil

Question 23

GABA(B) =

Answer 23

Metabotropic GPCR

Agonist baclofen

Question 24

GABA(C)/GABA(A)-rho =

Answer 24

Ionotropic

Brain and retina

Question 25

GABA(A) drugs

Answer 25

``` Benzo Barbiturates Anesthetics Neurosteroids Alcohol ANTAGONISTS- picrotoxin AGONIST - muscimol ```

Question 26

ACh synthesized from

Answer 26

acetyl CoA and choline via choline acetyltransferase

Question 27

ACh is brokendown by

Answer 27

AChE | Butyrylcholinesterase

Question 28

ACh acts on

Answer 28

Nicotinic and muscarinic receptors

Question 29

Nicotinic Receptors + ACh

Answer 29

Ionotropic | Excitatory

Question 30

****Muscarinic Receptors + ACh

Answer 30

Metabotropic Excitatory at M1, M3, M5 Inhibitory at M2 and M4

Question 31

****Catecholamine synthesis

Answer 31

Tyrosine to DOPA via tyrosine hydroxylase (RATE LIMITING) DOPA to Dopamine via DOPA decarboxylase Dopamine to NE via dopamine beta hydroxylase

Question 32

NE NT

Answer 32

Inhibitory via beta receptors in the brain | some excitatory through alpha or beta

Question 33

NE Functions

Answer 33

Arousal BP regulation Control of mood (big in depression)

Question 34

NE Termination =

Answer 34

reuptake into noradrenergic nerve endings

Question 35

Uses for alpha adrenoreceptors agonists

Answer 35

(a1) Symptomatic relief of nasal congestion | (a2) BP lowering

Question 36

Uses of beta adrenoreceptors agonists

Answer 36

(b2) asthma

Question 37

Inhibitors of NE reuptake (prolong effects)

Answer 37

TCA | Cocaine

Question 38

Drugs affecting NE synthesis

Answer 38

Carbidopa, methyldopa

Question 39

Drugs affecting NE release and storage

Answer 39

Reserpine

Question 40

Drugs inhibiting metabolism

Answer 40

MAOIs

Question 41

Not enough dopamine =

Answer 41

Parkinson's!!! (in nigrostriatal pathway) | Schizo, ADD, drug addiction

Question 42

Dopamine is broken down by

Answer 42

COMT and MAO

Question 43

Dopamine is what type of NT

Answer 43

Metabrotropic Excitatory in D1 and D5 Inhibitory in D2, D3, D4

Question 44

Dopamine functions

Answer 44

``` Motor control (D2) Endocrine control (prolactin - inhibitory) Behavioral (D1; pleasure, addiction, correct thinkin) ```

Question 45

Dopamine precursors =

Answer 45

Levodopa

Question 46

Dopamine receptor agonists =

Answer 46

Bromocriptine, pergolide

Question 47

MAO-B inhibitors =

Answer 47

Selegiline/rasagiline

Question 48

Dopamine receptor blockers =

Answer 48

Antipsychotic effects (D2) for schizo

Question 49

Serotonin is what type of NT

Answer 49

Metabotropic

Question 50

Serotonin Types and Metabolism

Answer 50

7 types mainly in CNS | Metabolized by MAO

Question 51

Serotonin Functions

Answer 51

Hallucinations/behavior Sleep/wakefulness/mood Feeding (appetite)