Neuroscience Flashcards by Karelix Perez Santiago

Q

Neurons & its parts

A

receive, integrate, transit info

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Q

Dendrites

A

receive info

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Q

Axon

A

long thin fiber

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Q

Soma

A

cell body

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Q

Terminal buttons

A

give info to the next dendrite

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Q

synapse

A

the gap between two neurons (communication occurs)

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Q

All or none law

A

fires completely or not at all

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Q

Action potential

A

electrical impulse down the axon (triggers neurotransmitter)

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Q

Absolute Refractory Period

A

time after a neuron fires

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Q

Excitatory & inhibitory messages

A

excite (go!) or inhibit (stop!) neurons

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Q

reuptake

A

takes back the leftover chemicals

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Q

neurotransmitters

A

chemicals that transmit signal across the synapse

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Q

know the different ones

A

Acetylcholine, Glutamate, GABA, Dopamine

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Q

Central Nervous System

A

brain & spinal cord

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Q

Peripheral NS

A

all nerves outside the CNS

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Q

Somatic NS

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A

controls muscle movement

Q

Autonomic NS

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A

controls body function

Q

Sympathetic NS

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A

“Fight or Flight” gets the body ready for action

Q

Parasympathetic NS

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A

“Rest & digest” calms the body

Q

Endocrine system

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A

glands that regulate the body functions

Q

How we test the brain

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A

EEG, CT scan, MRI, FMRI, PET scan

Q

Hind brain

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A

oldest, controls breathing, & heartbeat

Q

Mid brain

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A

coordinates sensory info & movements

Q

Fore brain

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A

most advanced, controls thought, emotions & reasoning.

Thalamus

sensory relay station

Hypothalamus

regulates hunger, thirst, and body temperature

Limbic system

emotions, memory, and motivation

cerebrum

largest, voluntary activities, complex thinking.

Brain lobes

frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital

occipital

visual info

Parietal

touch

Temporal

hearing, language, memory

Frontal

planning, reasoning, personality

Genetics

what you are born with

plasticity

adapt and grow, brain ability to change.