neuroscience

Question 1

what is brain plasticity?

Answer 1

The brain’s ability to adapt and change in response to internal and external demands

Question 2

what is an fMRI

Answer 2

fMRI - captures the function of the brain

Question 3

what is an sMRI

Answer 3

sMRI - captures the structure of the brain

Question 4

what are the 3 types of brain tissue?

Answer 4

grey matter, white matter, cerebrospinal fluid

Question 5

what does grey matter do?

Answer 5

processing and interpreting information, enabling functions like sensory perception, voluntary movement, learning, and speech

Question 6

what does white matter do?

Answer 6

acts as the “wiring” of the brain, facilitating communication between different regions

Question 7

what does cerebrospinal fluid do?

Answer 7

CSF - water. Not interesting for research but essential for the brain

Question 8

there is more brain tissue in the areas of the brain responsible for these four things:

Answer 8

memory, auditory, somatosensory visual spatial and motor information

Question 9

females tend to have a higher amount of _ in the brain

Answer 9

grey matter

Question 10

males tend to have a higher amount of _ in the brain

Answer 10

white matter

Question 11

what is the corpus callosum for?

Answer 11

Largest white matter fiber tract in the human brain, it connects the left and right hemisphere through 200-350 million fibers

Question 12

what is cortical thickness?

Answer 12

Measured as the distance between the white matter gray matter boundary (inner surface) and the gray matter CSE boundary (outer surface)

Question 13

what is cortical gyrification?

Answer 13

the process of cortical folding, which allows for a larger cortical surface area and greater cognitive functionality to fit inside a smaller cranium

Question 14

what is gyri?

Answer 14

the folds or ridges on the surface of the brain (positive values)

Question 15

what is sulci?

Answer 15

are the grooves or indentations between those folds (negative values)

Question 16

what is a brain image?

Answer 16

A collection of voxels with different intensities = shades of gray

Question 17

what does MRI stand for?

Answer 17

magnetic resonance imaging

Question 18

Alicya uses studies to illustrate neuroscientific understandings of personality. What did these studies measure?

Answer 18

Agreeableness, neuroticism and psychopathy

Question 19

Neuroscientific research of personality raises several methodological challenges. What are one of these challenges?

Answer 19

Studying personality at one time point limits accuracy.