neuroscience final Flashcards
what all does cognition include?
sensation
attention
perception
memory
learning
language use
problem solving
decision making
reasoning
intelligence
describe the preclincal phase of cog decline
silent phase; brain changes that are not measurable
how many adults over 60 have dementia?
10%
sustained attention
capacity to attend to relevant info during continuous activity
paying attention for a full lecture
focused or selective attention
attend to task despite environmental distractions
talking to one person in crowded room
alternating attention
capctiy to move flexibly between tasks and respond to demands of each
cooking, watching multiple kids
divided attention
capacity to respond simultaneously to 2+ tasks
multitasking, looking at phone while walking
is parkinson’s an UMN disorder?
no
it is a CNS disorder
are CNS and UMN the same thing?
no
what must the signal pass through before the cortex?
thalamus
what is rigidity of symptom of?
basal ganglia disorder - both sides tight, non-vel dep
not UMN
what leads to rigidity in parkinson’s?
not enough inhibition leads to
too much facilitation leads to
hypertone - rigidity
how is memory defined?
mental process that allows the individual to store experiences and perceptions for recall at a later time
if a pt cannot learn, rehab may not go well
what is working memory?
short term
goal relevant info
when working on a task can you remember the steps to that task?
what is declarative memory?
recollections to be easily verbalized
big events on one’s life
what is procedural memory?
skill and habits
practice is required to store the memories
playing an instrument
what is immediate recall memory?
few seconds
what is short term memory?
events or learning within a few minutes, hours, days
what is long term memory?
early experiences and info over days to years
issues often described as amnesia
common in alzheimer’s
what are the four components of executive function?
volition - determine needs and wants
planning - id and org of steps and elements
purposive action - productivity and self-reg
effective performance - quality control, slef-correction
describe alzheimer’s disease
most common 60-80% of cases
memory loss, confusion, disorientation
inability to recall words
leads to severe symptoms as advances
what protein is associated with alz?
tau protein
what is frontotemporal dementia?
rare, younger than 60
atrophy to frontal and temporal
could be a mix or one more than the other
what is lewy body denemtia?
deposits of alpha-synuclein protein
mvmt symptoms, hallucinations, sleep disorders
clusters in basal ganglia give parkinsons symptoms
