Neurotransmitter P1

Question 1

baseline level of some bioactivity in a post-synaptic neuron

Answer 1

4 on a scale 1-10

Question 2

further raising effect of the transmitter

Answer 2

4 to 7

Question 3

raises level from 4 to 7

Answer 3

full agonist

Question 4

agonist drug and regularly present neurotransmitter would raise activity closer to

Answer 4

10

Question 5

might raise level from 4 to 5 or 6

Answer 5

partial agonist

Question 6

would block any effect of the neurotransmitter, leaving activity at 4 (even when neurotransmitter is present)

Answer 6

antagonist

Question 7

lower level from 4 to 3 2 or 1

Answer 7

inverse agonist

Question 8

*Acetylcholine
* Monoamines
* Catecholamines
* Dopamine
* Norepinephrine
* Indolamines
* Serotonin
* Amino Acids
* Glutamate
* GABA

Answer 8

classic neurotransmitters

Question 9

catecholamines and indolamines are

Answer 9

monoamines (1 amine)

Question 10

Dopamine and Norepinephrine are

Answer 10

catecholamines

Question 11

serotonin is a

Answer 11

Indolamine

Question 12

Glutamate and GABA are

Answer 12

Amino Acids and the most common neurotransmitters

Question 13

Ach synthesis term

Answer 13

choline acetyltransferase

Question 14

neurotransmitter created when choline and coenzyme A are attached

Answer 14

Ach (acetylcholine)

Question 15

breakdown of Ach, found at the postsynaptic membrane

Answer 15

acetylcholinesterase

Question 16

re-uptaken into the presynaptic neuron to be turned into Ach again after Ache breaks off

Answer 16

choline

Question 17

biproduct of acetylcholine breakdown

Answer 17

choline + acetate

Question 18

used for Alzheimer’s disease to prevent acetylcholine breakdown

Answer 18

Ache blockers

Question 19

Ach receptor that is ionotropic and excitatory, allows Na+ into neuron

Answer 19

nicotinic (activated by nicotine)

Question 20

Ach receptor that is metabotropic and inhibitory, allows K+ into neuron

Answer 20

muscarinic (activated by muscarine, in mushrooms)

Question 21

5 proteins surrounding ion channel, tightly bound at rest

Answer 21

Nicotinic receptors

Question 22

anything that binds to the receptor

Answer 22

ligand

Question 23

influences Ach storage, prevents Ach from being packaged in vesicles

Answer 23

vesamicol

Question 24

influences Ach release, blocks the release of Ach, black widow venom promotes release

Answer 24

botulinum toxin (BoTox)

Question 25

autoimmune disease where certain muscle group(s) that are constantly tense

Answer 25

dystonia

Question 26

aides in muscle relaxation

Answer 26

BoTox

Question 27

influences Ach uptake, blocks choline reuptake

Answer 27

hemicholinium

Question 28

Influences Ach metabolism (breakdown)

Answer 28

many AChE inhibitors, e.g., VX & Sarin nerve gas; myasthenia gravis drugs like pyridostigmine (Mestinon); Alzheimer drugs like donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), & galantamine (Reminyl, Razadyne)

Question 29

autoimmune disease that launches an attack on neuro-muscular junction

Answer 29

myasthenia gravis

Question 30

blocks Ach receptors

Answer 30

tropine, scopolamine, diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

Question 31

some antipsychotics antagonize this Ach receptor

Answer 31

muscarinic

Question 32

curare, cobra-like snake venom antagonizes this Ach receptor

Answer 32

nicotinic

Question 33

stimulates Ach receptors

Answer 33

bethanecol

Question 34

pilocarpine agonizes this Ach receptor

Answer 34

muscarinic

Question 35

nicotine and varenicline (chantix) agonizes this Ach receptor

Answer 35

nicotinic

Question 36

dilates pupils, mydriasis

Answer 36

belladonna