Neurotransmitters

Question 1

What are the main working units of the brain?

Answer 1

Neurons

Question 2

3 main structures of neuron?
List in order of information flow

Answer 2

Dentrites
Soma
Axon

Question 3

How do neurons talk to each other?

Answer 3

Chemical neurotransmitters

Question 4

Nerve terminals are found at the end of ______ and release _____ into the ______.

Question 5

Where can neurotransmitters bind?

Answer 5

Receptors that it can bind should be present on the postsynaptic membrane

Question 6

The ___synaptic neuron releases a NT that binds to a receptor on the ___synaptic neuron.

Answer 6

Presynaptic
Postsynaptic

Question 7

Where should NT be synthesized and stored?

Answer 7

Stored in vesicles

Question 8

When does a NT get released from the presynaptic terminal?

Answer 8

Released into the synapse

Question 9

What does a NT bind to once released into the synapse?

Answer 9

Postsynaptic receptors

Question 10

Should there be a way to inactivate NT?

Answer 10

Autoreceptors
Reuptake
Uptake
Diffusion
Enzymatic degradation

Question 11

What are the 2 main types of postsynaptic receptor?

Answer 11

Ionotopic
Metabotropic

Question 12

Which kind of postsynaptic receptor controls ion flow through postsynaptic channels?

Question 13

What kind of postsynaptic receptor uses 2nd messenger
(G protein coupled receptor) signaling?

Answer 13

Metabotropic

Question 14

What are the 2 main classes of classical NT?

Answer 14

Excitatory
Inhibitory

Question 15

What are 3 amino acid NT?
Receptors typically excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 15

Glutamate- excitatory
GABA- inhibitory
glycine- Inhibitory

Question 16

What are 3 monoamine NT?
Receptors typically excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 16

Serotonin- excitatory
Dopamine- excitatory
Norepinephrine- excitatory
Acetylcholine- excitatory

Question 17

Almost all monoamines use ______ receptors

Answer 17

Metabotropic

Question 18

Acetylcholine is typically excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 18

Excitatory

Question 19

What happens when action potential arrives at presynaptic neuron?
What channels open?

Answer 19

it depolarizes –> voltage gated Ca channels open allowing for an influx of Ca

Question 20

What happens when there is an influx of Ca into the presynaptic neuron due to depolarization?

Answer 20

Causes vesicles to fuse with Presynaptic membrane

Question 21

Once a NT binds to postsynaptic ionotropic receptor,
what are the possible outcomes?

Question 22

Structure of ionotropic receptors?

Answer 22

4-5 transmembrane domains per subunit

Question 23

Structure of metabotropic receptors?

Answer 23

7 TMDs x 1 subunits

Question 24

Mechanism of action of ionotropic/ligand gated recp?
Fast or slow?

Answer 24

Fast

Question 25

Mechanism of action for metabotropic recp? Fast or slow?

Answer 25

Slow

Question 26

NMDA (subclass of glutamate) receptors, GABA receptors, and glycine receptors are types of ______ receptors.

Answer 26

Ionotropic

Question 27

3 most common subunits of ionotropic GABA receptor?

Question 28

Is there an ionotropic receptor for serotonin?

Answer 28

Yes

Question 29

What are the major receptor subtypes for Dopamine?

Question 30

What are the major receptor subtypes for NE and Epi?

Question 31

What are the major receptor subtypes for Serotonin?

Question 32

Do metabotropic receptors have long or short lasting effects?

Answer 32

Long

Question 33

Can metabotropic receptors modulate the effects of ionotropic receptor activity?

Answer 33

Yes