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Biochem Exam 5 > Neurotransmitters 2 > Flashcards

Neurotransmitters 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pathway for control of the somatic stuctures (skeletal muscle/motor neurons)?

A

CNS -> efferent -> somatic

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2
Q

What is a motor unit?

A

motor neuron and all the fibers it innervates

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3
Q

Motor end plates synapse with…

A

muscle fibers directly

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4
Q

What carries the action potential along the membrane?

A

VGNa+

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5
Q

_______________ leads to change in membrane potential (end plate potential)

A

stimulation

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6
Q

Ach ____________ receptors are on skeletal muscle

A

nicotinic

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7
Q

Action potential moves down __________________

A

T- tubules

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8
Q

Action potentials moving down t-tubules activates…

A

DHPRs

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9
Q

How does calcium induce muscle contraction?

A

interacts with myosin and actin

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10
Q

What is an important molecule for muscle contraction?

A

calcium

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11
Q

What disorder involves mutations in DMD gene?

A

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

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12
Q

What does the DMD gene do?

A

connects cytoskeleton to the fiber to the ECM

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13
Q

What relaxes the muscle and reuptakes calcium?

A

SERCA
NCX
Calsequestrin

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14
Q

What stops ACh release in the NMJ?

A

botulinum toxin (decrease muscle contraction)

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15
Q

What stops neuronal Na+ channel in NMJ?

A

tetrodotoxin (decrease muscle contraction)

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16
Q

What stops Ca channels in the NMJ?

A

w-conotoxin (decrease muscle contraction)

17
Q

What increases muscle contraction via AChR channels in the NMJ?

A

Aceylocholine
Nicotine

18
Q

What decreases muscle contraction via AChR channels in the NMJ?

A

a- tubocuraine

19
Q

What changes muscle contraction in the NMJ by acetylocholinesterase?

A

Nerve gas
Insecticides
Physostigmine

20
Q

What causes myasthenia gravis?

A
  • Autoimmune Disease
  • Antibody production to Ach
    nicotinic receptors
21
Q

What is the symptom of myasthenia gravis?

A

weakening of skeletal muscle

Biochem Exam 5 (12 decks)

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