Neurotransmitters Flashcards Preview

DUSON Spring '18 > Neurotransmitters > Flashcards

Flashcards in Neurotransmitters Deck (21)
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1
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Primary neurotransmitter in PSNS.

Sleep, wakefulness, mood, movement. Thought, memory, attention, learning. Muscle action!

2
Q

Acetylcholine CI

A

Shortage - Alzheimer’s
Nicotine increases release
Myasthenia gravis = rection in Ach receptors

3
Q

Dopamine

A

Sleep, wakefulness, mood, movement, behavior. Motivation-reward! Vasodilation

4
Q

Dopamine CI

A

Decrease: Parkinson’s
Dysfunction: schizophrenia.
Role in substance abuse
Useful to treat heart failure

5
Q

Epinephrine

A

Attentiveness, arousal, mental focus, sexual arousal. Fight or flight.

6
Q

Epinephrine CI

A

High level - ADHD, anxiety

Used to treat shock, cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis

7
Q

GABA

A

Inhibitory! Sleep, wakefulness, mood, movement, motor control, vision.

Prevents overstimulation by regulating other excitatory neurotransmitters. Counterbalances glutamate!

8
Q

GABA CI

A

Too little - epilepsy and anxiety

Increased by alcohol and benzodiazepines, leading to sedation

9
Q

Glutamate

A

Most abundant neurotransmitter! Involved in pain, learning, memory, most aspects of normal brain function. Increases membrane permeability for Na+, K+, Ca2+

10
Q

Glutamate CI

A

Role in bipolar disorder, schizophrenia

11
Q

Histamine

A

Sleep, wakefulness, arousal, eating, attention, cognition.

Role in immune and inflammatory response

12
Q

Histamine CI

A

Immune, inflammatory, hypersensitivity reactions. Increases gastric acid secretions. Side effect of histamine blockers is drowsiness.

13
Q

Nitric Oxide

A

Vasodilation, bronchodilation, gastric emptying, anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, analgesic.

14
Q

Nitric Oxide CI

A

Treats angina and hypertensive emergencies (vasodilation), treats hypoxemia, pulmonary hypertension (bronchodilation)

15
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Sleep, wakefulness, mood, arousal, attention, learning, memory, eating. Fight or flight! Main neurotransmitter of sympathetic nerves in cardiovascular system.

16
Q

Norepinephrine CI

A

Mental health disorders - depression, ADHD (low levels), anxiety (high levels). Treats heart failure.

17
Q

Oxytocin

A

“Love hormone”. Emotional, cognitive, social behaviors. Childbirth and lactation. Mood, pain.

18
Q

Serotonin

A

Sleep, wakefulness, mood. Can’t be created by the body, must be supplied from diet. Can increase with exercise, diet.

19
Q

Serotonin CI

A

Deficiency - depression, anxiety, panic, ADHD, dementia, Alzheimer’s, insomnia

20
Q

Substance P

A

Vasodilation, inflammation, pain, mood, anxiety, vomiting

21
Q

Substance P CI

A

Too much - fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis

Some pain medications (morphine) block release of Substance P