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Question 1

___ ____suggests that racism today is masked behind socially accepted ideologies and language

Answer 1

new racism

Question 2

what type of racism exhibits “colour blind racism” (doesn’t explicitly refer to race or colour)

Answer 2

new racism

Question 3

explicit/old racism is still present today within ____

Answer 3

white supremasist groups

Question 4

“race mixing” is often opposed by ___ ___ groups

Answer 4

white supremasist

Question 5

who is Ellis Monk? What did he create?

Answer 5

sociologist from harvard that studied within group strat, specifically the presence of skin tone as a determining factor.
he created the “monk skin tone scale” which is a 10-point scale now used for more inclusive training models

Question 6

what are the 2 factors for defining a hate crime:

Answer 6

• 1. intimidation/harm
• 2. individual has been extrapolated to represent an entire group, hate is pointed towards an entire group

Question 7

whats the most common reason that is reported for hate crimes

Answer 7

race/ethnicity

Question 8

2 most common types of surveys are:

Answer 8

victimization-types studies and social
distance surveys

Question 9

• Low levels of interaction with non-Indigenous students * Unwelcoming social environment * Selectively revealing one’s identity * Cultural misrepresentation in lectures * Unsettling experiences in informal social setting * Lack of opportunities to learn and make use of
  indigenous knowledge * Severe social isolation

these are all examples of various ___ according to Bailey (2016)

Answer 9

microaggressions

Question 10

2 main limitations to victimization surveys:

Answer 10

1. individuals may experience discrimination and not define it as such
2. institutional authorities dismissing results because they believe its not objective enough

Question 11

what do social distance surveys do:

Answer 11

Measure the levels of comfort and discomfort people feel toward members of different groups

Question 12

true/false: by 2018 people thought there were too many immigrants

Answer 12

false. 2019

Question 13

what had the lowest level of comfort in terms of people wearing religious attire

Answer 13

woman wearing hijab or veil covering face

Question 14

what was a key finding from the kids video on racism

Answer 14

it reduced racism into interpersonal dynamics (appropriate for kids) but we are also organized in systemic/institutionalized racism

Question 15

institutional racism opperates ____, often without conscious intent, but they’re built into institutional structures like schools, etc

Answer 15

systematically

Question 16

whats the example we talked about in class regarding institutional racism

Answer 16

Bias in media coverage and sports
announcing/commentary

Question 17

true/false: teens are encouraged to go into certain sports based on stereotypes assigned to their racial group

Answer 17

true

Question 18

“skin in the game” -stereotypes in mens college basketball found:

Answer 18

all athletes end up paying a penalty, one piece of their game getting emphazised over another based on the commentary from annoucers

Question 19

what was the original rooney rule and how has it been changed

Answer 19

original: * teams were required to always interview at least 1 minority candidate in every job opening. this created a tokenized candidate, it played down their qualifications

revised: Each team is required to employ at least one offensive assistant coach who is either a woman or a member of an ethnic or racial minority. If a team loses a minority coach, that team receives a third-round compensatory draft pick for two consecutive years.

Question 20

whats the fundamental paradox that happens in policing?

Answer 20

theres both under and over policing that occurs.

Question 21

example of under-policing and over-policing

Answer 21

Under-policing: When police do not take
crimes as seriously or conduct thorough
investigations when minorities are the
victims of crime

Over-policing: When minority communities
are disproportionally surveilled, pulled over,
charged as being the perpetrators of crime

Question 22

what can the amazon “rekognition” tool help with? what is its downfall?

Answer 22

• can help police identify people who were caught on camera breaking the law
• these tools constantly created false matches, especially for people with dark skin tones

Question 23

example of the racialization of religion:

Answer 23

• Jews have been treated as a racial group rather than simply a religious one.

Question 24

are race/religion socially constructed

Answer 24

“yes”

Question 25

example of a shared experience of discrimination including race/religion

Answer 25

* After 9/11, people perceived as Muslim (regardless of their actual faith) faced increased scrutiny and violence

Question 26

true/false: the APTN kids clip on the indigenous girl was not properly suited for kids and was a misrepresentation.

Answer 26

false

Question 27

in 1939 the supreme court rules that the Inuit should be considered ___

Answer 27

indians

Question 28

can. gov. switched from using "aboriginlal" to "____" in 2015

Answer 28

Indigenous

Question 29

true/false: in 2016, the supreme court of canada ruled that Canada could now grant "Indian" status to non-status Indian and Metis

Answer 29

false

Question 30

by the supreme court ruling that Eskimos were now considered ____, it meant the ___ gov. was now financially responsible for them

Answer 30

Indians, federal

Question 31

are the Inuit still constrained by the Indian act?

Answer 31

no

Question 32

in 1941-1971 what group had to wear necklaces around their necks for identification

Answer 32

Inuit

Question 33

the term "Metis" is the french word for

Answer 33

"half-caste"

Question 34

to define "Metis" there are 2 contested definitions. Congress of Aboriginal Peoples of Canada, and the Métis National Council. Which is more expanded which is more narrow

Answer 34

Congress of Aboriginal Peoples of Canada is more expanded Métis National Council is more narrow

Question 35

which definition of Metis defines them as a "mixed population," including recent descendants from other places

Answer 35

congress of aboriginal peoples

Question 36

large debate about whether or not people should be able to self-identify as ___

Answer 36

Metis

Question 37

The term First Nations is now commonly used to describe “___” or “___” Indians

Answer 37

status, registered

Question 38

According to Indian At (1876), efranchisement refers to:

Answer 38

the process whereby individuals could forcibly lose or voluntarily give up their legal status as an Indian.

Question 39

enfranchisement made it difficult for:

Answer 39

Indians to get degrees or move their way up in socioeconomic status without losing their Indian status

Question 40

true/false: since 1985, enfranchisement also occurs if an Indian woman marries a non-Indian man. this also applied to men.

Answer 40

false. this was PRE-1985. this also never applied to men. the men's wives and children would gain status

Question 41

are the enfranchisement provisions still a part of the Indian Act?

Answer 41

no

Question 42

are non-status Indian included in the constitutional definition of Aboriginal Peoples in Canada

Answer 42

no

Question 43

non-status indians refer to:

Answer 43

individuals who lost their legal status as Indians through one or more of the enfranchisement provisions

Question 44

In 1985, the Canadian government introduced Bill ____ in order to address the sexually discriminatory nature of the Indian Act, particularly in terms of marriage and enfranchisement.

Answer 44

C-31

Question 45

bill C-31 provided for: (4 things)

Answer 45

* Elimination of the “enfranchisement” provisions of the Indian act and the reinstatement of status for certain individuals * Elimination of patrilineal definitions of eligibility for Indian status * The opportunity for bands to develop membership codes * The opportunity for bands to deny membership to certain individuals even though they has legal Indian statu

Question 46

According to Furi and Wherret (2003), First Nations bands have developed four main types of membership codes:

Answer 46

1. One-parent descent rules (eligibility based on membership of one parent) 2. Two-person descent rules (both person’s parents must be members or eligible for membership) 3. Blood quantum rules (eligibility based on the amount of Indian blood a person possesses –typically 50 per cent) 4. Indian Act rules that base membership on sections of the Indian Act

Question 47

of the 4 first nations bands membership codes, which is most criticized and why?

Answer 47

blood quantum rules because they're thought to be racist and just aim to "maintain racial purity" within their group

Question 48

true/false: the most significant disparities across dimensions of health, income, employment and education are experienced by First Nations and/or status Indians living on reserves

Answer 48

true

Question 49

true/false: those self-identifying as Metis on the census increased by 70% between 2006 and 2016

Answer 49

false. 50%

Question 50

govn. wanted to shrink the number of ___ ___ and used gender inequality to do it

Answer 50

First Nations

Question 51

what was the experience of Lynn in the case study when she was trying to get Indian Status Reinstated?

Answer 51

she had a complicated family situation and needed to grasp at straws to try to find and re-connect with family because her great-grandmother married a non-indigenous man.

Question 52

true/false: Indigenous women make up nearly 50% of prison population

Answer 52

true

Question 53

Menno Boldt found the main divison within Indian communities is between the "___" Indians and the "___" of Indians

Answer 53

eltie, mass

Question 54

maintaining traditional cultural and religious practices and continuing to exercise their rights to hunt, fish and gather food are all examples of ____

Answer 54

resistance

Question 55

when comparing diff. between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people, we are looking at ___ ____ diff.

Answer 55

between group

Question 56

true/false the number of Indigenous people in prison has continuously been rising since 2000

Answer 56

true

Question 57

between the WITHIN-group differences, what was the largest category of Indigenous population living in a low-income situation

Answer 57

Registred Indian on reserve

Question 58

between the WITHIN-group differences, what was the largest category of Indigenous population that are unemployed

Answer 58

Metis

Question 59

main meaning of Diaspora and Transnationalism:

Answer 59

not thinking about people just embedded in one place * mobility as a framework to understand people's identities

Question 60

textbook and class used example of ___ ___ keeping ties with home country as an example of transnationals and diasporas

Answer 60

Kim K

Question 61

There has been a call to move away from “methodological nationalism. what is this?

Answer 61

the assumption that things going on within the boundaries of nation-state are the natural units of analysis

Question 62

The concepts of diaspora and transnationalism are thought to better capture the importance of ____ and ___ places of origin in immigrant and ethnic groups, lives, and identities as well as complex interactions between ”__" and “___”

Answer 62

real, imagined, here, there

Question 63

the concept of diaspora has (increased/decreased) in popularity, while the term transnationalism has (increased/decreased) in popularity

Answer 63

increased, decreased

Question 64

(diaspora or transnationalism) is associated with deep historical and contemporary narratives about trauma, victimization, and survival despite the odds

Answer 64

diaspora

Question 65

According to Cohen (2008), the type of diaspora a group becomes depends largely on their initial reasons for leaving. what are the 5 kinds?

Answer 65

* Victim diasporas * Imperial diasporas * Labour diasporas * Trade diasporas * Cultural diasporas

Question 66

whats an imperial diaspora example

Answer 66

british person moving to canada still representing the british empire

Question 67

the example of cultural diasporas used in the textbook was about the migration and settelment experiences of migrants of ____ descent from the _____ after the second world war

Answer 67

African, Carribean

Question 68

Regarding return movements within diasporas, Cohen suggests they are the product of:

Answer 68

a sense of attachment to ancestral homelands and government incentives

Question 69

2 examples of return movements discussed:

Answer 69

irish citizenship by descent, F-4 Visa for Overseas Koreans

Question 70

as of 2016, there are prox. how many Canadians living abroad

Answer 70

4 mil

Question 71

canadian citizens by birth make up aaprox. what percntage of diasporas

Answer 71

1/3

Question 72

1 in 4 canadians that live abroad are living in the ___

Answer 72

US

Question 73

Howard Adams put forward the concept of Indigenous ____and Indigenous ___

Answer 73

"borgeiouse" "underclass"

Question 74

what is a "neotribe"

Answer 74

political orginization that gives some members privelaged access to community resources

Question 75

what is the "new mobilities paradigm"

Answer 75

the need to develop new theories and methods to study how humans, things and ideas are always on the move

Question 76

T/F: Basch argues that terms such as immigrant and migrant generally capture their complex social reality

Answer 76

false

Question 77

T/F: the term "emigration" was commonly used to describe people of irish decent living outside of ireland, but had a negative connotation

Answer 77

true

Question 78

transnationalism defined as

Answer 78

process by which immigrants create and sustain social-relations that link together their societies of origin and settelment

Question 79

diasporas defined as

Answer 79

the dispersion or spread of a people from their original homeland.

Question 80

italians that have setteled outside of italy can be considered a ___ community

Answer 80

transnational

Question 81

(diaspora or transnationalism) may be more useful in recognizing the relational aspects of settelment and continued engagement with a distant homeland

Answer 81

diaspora

Question 82

T/F: conservative side wants to solve the "weight of history" arguement with compensation rather than less govn. spending

Answer 82

false. liberals.