New Diseases Flashcards
(13 cards)
What mosquito species transmits malaria in urban and rural areas?
Urban – Anopheles stephensi; Rural – Anopheles culicifacies
Which mosquito is responsible for dengue transmission?
Aedes aegypti (breeds in clean water, peak in rainy season)
Which diseases have winter seasonality?
Measles, Mumps, Rubella, Chickenpox, Typhoid, Rota virus, Asthma, Hay fever
Droplet size and distance for Respiratory Tract Infections (RTIs)?
Droplet size <5 μm, distance <1 m
Kala-azar is endemic in which Indian states?
West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand (Vector: sandfly phlebotomus)
What vector transmits Japanese Encephalitis and in which areas is it prevalent?
Culex tritaeniorhynchus in rice-growing areas, especially UP & WB
What is the vector and region for Kyasanur Forest Disease (KFD)?
Hard tick (Hemaphysalis spinigera), endemic to Karnataka
Filariasis is common in which areas and what is the vector?
Coastal areas; Culex quinquefasciatus
Which disease shows fluorosis and what part is affected first?
Fluorosis in central & western areas; affects upper central incisors and 1st molars
Where are the last polio cases reported in India and globally where is it still present?
Last Indian case: Howrah, WB (13 Jan 2011); Globally: Pakistan & Afghanistan
What are the recent viral diseases in India and their vectors?
Nipah – Kerala (bat origin); CCHF – Hard ticks; Zika – Aedes aegypti, TN; West Nile Fever – Kerala (via Culex pipiens); Litchi virus disease – Bihar, WB (hypoglycemia in kids due to MCPG toxin)
What are the new global diseases and their origin?
2003 – SARS, China; 2009 – H1N1 (Swine flu); 2014 – Ebola; 2019 – COVID-19, China; 2021– H10N3 (newest)
