New Frontier

Question 1

What NAACP lawyer, who was involved in the Brown V Topeka case, did JFK appoint as a senior judge ?

Answer 1

Thurgood Marshall

Question 2

Give an example of when JFK intervened when an individual state tried to avoid implementing civil rights rulings in 1962.

Answer 2

JFK sent large numbers of federal officials and troops to protect James Meredith, a Black student attending the University of Mississippi.

Question 3

How many federal marshals and troops were deployed in 1962 by JFK to ensure the safety of James Meredith, the first African American student at the University of Mississippi ?

Answer 3

500 federal marshals

3000 troops

Question 4

By the time of 1963, what percentage of Americans supported a federal law guaranteeing equal public access for white and African Americans ?

Answer 4

54%

Question 5

In 1963, Kennedy began the process of passing legislation to end segregation and discrimination against who ?

Answer 5

Black Americans

Question 6

Under What President was the legislation that kennedy began the process of passing that aimed to end segregation and discrimination against Black Americans passed ?

Answer 6

under Lyndon B. Johnson - Kennedy was assassinated in 1963

Question 7

In 1960, hat percentage of Americans over the age of 65 lacked health insurance ?

Answer 7

44%

Question 8

Which President prior to JFK had proposed a government insurance scheme for healthcare but was blocked by congress ?

Answer 8

Truman

Question 9

In 1961, Kennedy proposed providing free health care for people over the age of 65, what was this called ?

Answer 9

Medicare

Question 10

In what year was Medicare blocked by Congress under Kennedy’s presidency ?

Answer 10

1962

Question 11

When was Medicare passed ?

Answer 11

1965

Question 12

How much did Kennedy increase the hourly minimum wage by ?

Answer 12

25% from $1.00 to $1.25

Question 13

How many workers did Kennedy’s increase of the hourly minimum wage by 25% benefit ?

Answer 13

3.6 million

Question 14

What did the Social security act of 1962 do ?

Answer 14

Provided funds to support elderly people, the unemployed and children of unemployed fathers

Question 15

What did the 1961 Area Redevelopment act do ?

Answer 15

provided money to the states to stimulate economic growth by creating new jobs thereby helping the unemployed

Question 16

What did the 1962 Manpower development and Training Act do ?

Answer 16

Offered job training

Question 17

Why were Kennedy’s programs that aimed to support low income Americans as part of his New Frontier vital ?

Answer 17

Because, in 1961, US unemployment rate was at 6.7% and nearly double that among African Americans

Question 18

Give one Housing Reform under Kennedy.

Answer 18

1961 Housing Act

Question 19

What did the Housing Act of 1961 do ?

Answer 19

offered $5 billion cheap loans to developers to build better housing in the Towns and Cities.

Question 20

When was the Peace Corps founded ?

Answer 20

1961 through an EO by Kennedy

Question 21

What was the Peace Corps ?

Answer 21

an organisation that sent volunteers abroad to assist people in less economically developed countries.

Question 22

By the end of 1963, over _____ volunteers part of Peace Corps (founded 1961) were serving in __ countries.

Answer 22

7,300, 44

Question 23

What demographic did the Peace Corps specifically target ?

Answer 23

Young Americans (still popular today)

Question 24

In 1961, Kennedy wanted to increase federal aid to schools but was blocked by Congress. Which groups opposed this ?

Answer 24

1) Dixiecrats

2) Catholics

3) Republicans

Question 25

Why were Dixiecrats, Catholics and Republicans opposed to Kennedy's measures to increase federal aid to schools ?

Answer 25

concerned that more education funding could lead to furhter school desegregation

Question 26

At the time of 1961, Where Kennedy proposed increasing federal aid to schools but was blocked by congress, the U.S was facing a shortage of over _______ classrooms due to the Post war Baby boom.

Answer 26

100,000

Question 27

In 1961, What challenge did Kennedy put to the nation regarding space exploration ?

Answer 27

challenged the nation to land a man on the moon before the end of the decade

Question 28

Why, in 1961, did Kennedy challenge the nation to land a man on the moon before the end of the decade ?

Answer 28

due to the Soviet Union's advances in Space

Question 29

Give an example of how the Soviet Union had made a large advancement in terms of space travel during Kennedy's presidency that led JFK to challenge the nation to land a man on the moon before the end of the decade.

Answer 29

Cosmonaut (USSR astronaut), Yuri Gagarin had completed a historic orbit of the Earth in 1961

Question 30

Following Kennedy's speech in 1961 announcing the Lunar mission, how much did NASA's budget increase by immediately ?

Answer 30

89%

Question 31

In 1966, How much of the federal budget was spent on NASA ?

Answer 31

4.4%

Question 32

When did America complete their first orbit of Earth ?

Answer 32

Feb 20th 1962

Question 33

Which American became the first to orbit the Earth on Feb 20th 1962 ?

Answer 33

John Glenn Jr.

Question 34

How many times did the Friendship 7 capsule carrying John Glenn Jr. orbit the earth ?

Answer 34

3 times

Question 35

What happened to Kennedy's planned tax cuts to stimulate economic growth ?

Answer 35

blocked by Congress during his Presidency and only passed after assassination

Question 36

Why was Kennedy's minimum wage increase limited ?

Answer 36

high unemployment persisted

Question 37

What was the CEEO ?

Answer 37

Commission on Equal Employment Opportunity (CEEO)

Question 38

What did the Commission on Equal Employment Opportunity (CEEO) do ?

Answer 38

aimed to tackle discrimination in government employment

Question 39

Why was the Commission on Equal Employment Opportunity (CEEO) limited ?

Answer 39

only supported those already in government jobs

Question 40

Why was the Housing Act of 1961 limited in its scope ?

Answer 40

poorest Americans still could not afford to repay the loans provided

Question 41

By 1963, approximately how many people were living in poverty ?

Answer 41

20%