new genes Flashcards
(25 cards)
What does the Hardy-Weinberg principle primarily describe?
The genetic equilibrium in a population
Which of the following conditions is NOT a requirement for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
High levels of gene flow
In a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with two alleles (A and a), if the frequency of allele A is 0.7, what is the expected frequency of homozygous recessive individuals (aa)?
0.09
What is the primary purpose of the Hardy-Weinberg equation (p² + 2pq + q² = 1)?
To determine the likelihood of allele frequencies remaining constant
Which factor can cause a population to deviate from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Genetic drift
The Hardy-Weinberg principle describes a population in genetic equilibrium. Which of the following conditions must be met for this equilibrium to be maintained?
Large population size
In the context of population dynamics. which of the following factors can lead to a shift away from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Genetic drift
Migration
Natural selection
When considering the concept of fitness in population dynamics, what does “fitness” refer to?
The ability of an individual to survive and reproduce
Which of the following equations is used to describe genotype frequencies in a population that is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
p^2+2pq+q2=1
Which of the following most accurately describes the impact of a high migration rate on the genetic diversity of a population?
It can increase genetic diversity
What is the basic unit of heredity that carries genetic information in organisms?
DNA
Which of the following is an example of a Mendelian trait in animals?
Coat color in Labrador Retrievers
What type of genetic disorder results from a mutation that affects a single gene?
Manogenic disorder
In terms of genetics, what does the term “phenotype” refer to?
The observable characteristics of an organism
Which of the following is a common genetic disorder in dogs caused by a mutation in the gene responsible for the development of muscle fibers?
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
What is the primary goal of selective breeding?
To enhance desired traits in a population
In animal breeding, what does “inbreeding” refer to?
Breeding within a closed group of related animals
Which of the following is NOT a type of breeding system?
Gene cloning
what is the main advantage of crossbreeding?
It increases genetic variation and hybrid vigor
Which breeding method is characterized by selecting the best individuals from a population to produce the next generation?
Artificial selection
Which of the following techniques is primarily used for the amplification of DNA?
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
What is the primary purpose of a microarray assay?
To measure gene expression levels of multiple genes simultaneously
Which molecular tool is commonly used for editing genes in organisms?
CRISPR-Cas9
What type of assay would you typically use to quantify proteins in a sample?
Western Blot
