New Labour 1997 Flashcards

1
Q

What policies did New Labour introduce?

A

Academies
Specialist schools
Faith schools
Education Maintenance Allowance (EMA)
Aim Higher
Raising of School Leaving Age (ROSLA)

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2
Q

Which theoretical perspectives would like New Labour’s changes?

A

Marxists - creates more opportunities for the working class

Postmodernists - allows more variety and choice of subject for students

Functionalists - creates more sifting and sorting

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3
Q

Which theoretical perspectives would not like New Labour’s changes?

A

New Right - different schools for different students goes against social solidarity

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4
Q

What are academies?

A

Failing schools which became part of an academy chain with better schools to share resources. Also received new facilities, government funding, and control over their curriculum

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5
Q

What is positive about academies?

A

Benefits the working class as most academies were in deprived areas

Creates more diversity and choice in education

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6
Q

What is negative about academies?

A

Businesses sponsoring schools can be seen as them becoming privatised for profit

Can pay their staff more, disadvantaging other schools by ‘stealing’ their teachers

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7
Q

What are specialist schools?

A

A school that is an expert in a certain subject. By 2007, 85% of secondary schools were specialists

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8
Q

What is positive about specialist schools?

A

Increases choice for parents and raises standards

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9
Q

What is negative about specialist schools?

A

Some created selection policies, disadvantaging the working class

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10
Q

What are faith schools?

A

Schools that cater specifically to one faith, e.g. Islamic or Catholic schools

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11
Q

What is positive about faith schools?

A

Increases choice for parents

Increases diversity of schools in the education system

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12
Q

What is negative about faith schools?

A

Could be seen as segregating students from different faiths/cultures

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13
Q

What is the Education Maintenance Allowance (EMA)?

A

£30 per week to low-income students over 16 if they attended all their lessons. Bonuses for achieving targets

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14
Q

What is positive about the EMA?

A

Helps low-income students buy books, transport, meals etc.

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15
Q

What is negative about the EMA?

A

Didn’t encourage enough students to stay in education, so the Conservative Coalition scrapped it

Benn (2012): this was meant to help the working class, but New Labour also introduced tuition fees for university which disadvantages them

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16
Q

What is Aim Higher?

A

A program to encourage social mobility, sending representatives into schools to talk to students about the benefits of university, or taking them on trips to universities

17
Q

What is positive about Aim Higher?

A

Encourages social mobility

18
Q

What is negative about Aim Higher?

A

There has been an increase in working class students going to university since it was scrapped in 2010, suggesting it wasn’t effective

19
Q

What is ROSLA?

A

Raising Of School Leaving Age. New Labour raised the school leaving age from 16 to 18

20
Q

What is positive about ROSLA?

A

Aims to reduce the number of NEETs by giving them more education

21
Q

What is negative about ROSLA?

A

Reduces choice for students, meaning they can’t get straight into work

Prolongs childhood and dependency on parents