new media

Question 1

media definition

Answer 1

the predominant means of communication (such as television and newspapers), particularly of mass communication, hence the term mass media

Question 2

new media

Answer 2

those types of media that use digital technology (e.g. social media and the use of the internet).

Question 3

new media opposed to

Answer 3

“old media”, which refers to traditional forms of media, such as print media (e.g. newspapers and magazines), television and radio

Question 4

examples of mass media

Answer 4

new media (e.g. social media and the use of the internet) and old media (e.g. newspapers and magazines)

Question 5

potential audience for new media is

Answer 5

much larger than traditional media forms like newspapers

Question 6

The term new media particularly relates to

Answer 6

digital media: media encoded into a machine-readable format, such as an MP3 files, for example

Question 7

CD, DVD or CD-RO

Answer 7

while a CD, DVD or CD-ROM contains digital data, these are now old-fashioned, arguably redundant technology.
What might reasonably be considered “new” is always changing

Question 8

new media examples

Answer 8

• Social media sites, such as Facebook, Twitter, etc.
• The streaming of video and audio files, including both commercial film and music and user-
  generated media content (such as the videos on YouTube).
• Digital/satellite and “smart” television (especially those that facilitate some interactivity).
• Computer games and particularly online gaming.
• Apps for mobile telephones and tablets

Question 9

New media includes

Answer 9

social networks

Question 10

social networks

Answer 10

forms of software that allow people, groups and companies to connect and share information such as photographs and text.
Companies such as Facebook, SnapChat and Instagram are all forms of social networks.

Question 11

virtual communities.

Answer 11

These networks of individuals who share information across an online community.
The individuals in the community may share similar interests or goals, such as an online gaming community or followers of a particular blog.
Such communities may well be hosted on a social networking platform (for example, it might be in the form of a Facebook group)

Question 12

Some old media today exists in new media formats

Answer 12

eg newspaper’s websites often involve
multimedia approaches to the news, not just an online version of the printed articles
eg televisions have become “smart”

Question 13

digital radio provides further opportunities to

Answer 13

Interact and to see as well as hear; e-books
might have web-links or other features that make them more than just a screen version of the printed
page

Question 14

key features of this new media are:

Answer 14

• Convergence
• Interactivity
• Audience/user power
• Accessibility

Question 15

Convergence

Answer 15

Increasingly one device can be used to access a wide variety of media.
E.g a mobile phone can be used for watching films and videos, listening to music, accessing social media, reading books, reading newspapers,
accessing websites, etc

Question 16

Interactivity

Answer 16

• New media formats often facilitate more interaction than old media.
• The audience is able to engage.
  E.g being able to tweet a live TV or radio programme (and perhaps have that tweet read out or appear on the screen)

Question 17

Audience/user power

Answer 17

Interactivity also gives ↑ power to the audience.
- In some new media formats, the audience is probably better described as the “user” as there is
some erosion of the gap between media producer and media consumer.

Question 18

example of Audience/user power

Answer 18

The audience can use streaming and catch-up services to watch the television programmers they want to watch when they want to watch them
but they are also able to influence media content through their interaction, or even create and share the content themselves

Question 19

Accessibility

Answer 19

↑ly, new media = free media.
Once people have the devices and the broadband internet access, they are able to get instant access to a vast array of media content, much of which is also free.

Question 20

Increasingly, new media is

Answer 20

free media

Question 21

issues raised by accessibility of free media

Answer 21

While this can be great for the audience, it does raise issues about how media producers make money, with a move towards subscription services and significant amounts of advertising

Question 22

Optimist NEW MEDIA

Answer 22

• More informed consumers
• Wider choices
• More participation
• Greater democracy
• More access to more information
• Global village
• Social life in interactions enhance

Question 23

Pessimist NEW MEDIA

Answer 23

• Problems with validity
• Cultural and media imperialism
• Threat to democracy
• Powerful companies
• Censorship and control
• Lack of regulation
• Commercialisation
• Less consumer choice
• More surveillance
• Undermining human relationships

Question 24

New media technology has enabled a significant growth in

Answer 24

citizen journalism, in which ordinary people rather than media professionals produce media content

Question 25

citizen journalism, has taken some control of

Answer 25

media content away from owners and editors, and made traditional media and media organisations more accountable to the public

Question 26

moral panic

Answer 26

a wave of moral concern about an exaggerated or imaginary threat to society

Question 27

New media includes s_____ n______

Answer 27

social networks - forms of software that allow people, groups and companies to connect and share information such as photographs and text. - companies such as Facebook, Snapchat and Instagram are all forms of social network

Question 28

New media includes v _____ c______

Answer 28

virtual communities - These networks of individuals share information across an online community. - The individuals in the community may share similar interests or goals, such as followers of a particular blog. - Such communities may well be hosted on a social networking platform (eg in the form of a Facebook group).

Question 29

Some old media today exists in new media formats

Answer 29

eg televisions have become “smart”

Question 30

key feature of this new media - Convergence

Answer 30

- one device can be used to access a wide variety of media -eg a mobile phone's uses

Question 31

key feature of this new media - Interactivity

Answer 31

- New media formats often facilitate more interaction than old media. -The audience is able to engage. - eg being able to tweet a live TV or radio programme

Question 32

key feature of this new media - Audience/user power

Answer 32

Interactivity gives more power to the aud. - in some new media formats, the aud. is probably better described as the “user”, as there is some erosion of the gap between media producer and media consumer. - The aud. can use streaming and catch-up services to watch the tv programmers they want to watch when they want to watch them - also able to influence media content through their interaction, or even create and share the content themselves.

Question 33

Accessibility

Answer 33

Increasingly, new media is free media. - Once people have the devices and the broadband internet access, they are able to get instant access to a vast array of media content, much of which is also free. - While this can be great for the audience, it does raise issues about how media producers make money, with a move towards subscription services and significant amounts of advertising.

Question 34

Cornford and Robins (1999)

Answer 34

new media developments are evolutionary, rather than revolutionary. - interactivity was present in older media forms, eg letters pages in newspapers - new technology built on existing technology rather than completely revolutionary.

Question 35

Boyle and Haynes (2004)

Answer 35

- new media has added to what was available from old media rather than replacing it (you can still watch television in the old way, as well as streaming and catch-up services on top of this). - Both studies note that the main change, in terms of new media, is the speed of communication

Question 36

it is worth noting that ... ( Cornford and Robins & Boyle and Haynes ) studies

Answer 36

New media has continued to develop very rapidly since both these studies. eg, Cornford and Robins pointed out that people accessed the internet via telephone cables (which is old technology) but increasingly this is not the case

Question 37

Another way in which some have suggested the significance of the new media may be overstated is in relation to the...

Answer 37

inequality of access to it, although again this is something that is changing very rapidly

Question 38

digital underclas

Answer 38

New media is used much more frequently by young people than older people - Some suggest this can lead to a digital underclass because important tasks like banking, shopping, paying road tax, registering to vote or getting a passport are done online.

Question 39

Curran & Seaton Power Without Responsibility (2003)

Answer 39

They identified big differences in the attitudes of individuals to new media, and categorised these as two groups: - Neophiliacs - Cultural pessimist

Question 40

Curran & Seaton Power Without Responsibility - Neophiliacs

Answer 40

- positive about the benefits of the media. - believe that new forms of media (e.g. social media) have led to an increased amount of choice for consumers and has also led to the revitalisation of democracy and democratic engagement.