New medication deck Flashcards by Hannah O'Hare

Oral Glucose indications

Indications:
-Altered mental status with unknown diabetic history
-unconscious for an unknown reason
-Altered mental status with known diabetic history

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Oral Glucose Actions

-Counteract the effects of hypoglycemia
-Simple sugar easily absorbed by the body
-Increases blood sugar

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Oral Glucose adverse effects

Not clinically significant

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Oral Glucose Precautions

Patient without gag reflex may aspirate

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Oral Glucose Contraindications

not clinically significant

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Oral Glucose Dosage for adult and pediatric

adult and pediatric- 10-15 grams of glucose paste. Administer between gum and cheek
-for pediatric, it may be accomplished through several small administrations

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Oral Glucose administration

-Assess patient
-Place glucose on tongue depressor between gum and cheek or patient self administers between gum and cheek
-Perform ongoing assessment
-Record name, dose, route, and time of administration

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Oxygen indications

-All medical patients
-All trauma patients

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Oxygen actions

-enhances cell function
-prevents hypoxia

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Oxygen adverse effects

-High concentration may reduce respiratory drive in COPD patients
-Monitor carefully

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Oxygen precautions

-Give with caution with COPD patients

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Oxygen contraindications

none

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Venturi mask flow rate and concentration

variable, 24-50%

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Nasal cannula flow rate and concentration

2-6 lpm, 24-44%

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Non-rebreather mask flow rate and concentration

10-15 lpm, 80-90%

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Bag-Valve mask flow rate and concentration

15+ lpm, 90+%

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Epinephrine auto injector indications

-Moderate to severe allergic reaction with respiratory distress
-Mild allergic reaction with history of life-threatening allergic reaction
-Pediatric patients with severe asthma

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Epinephrine auto injector actions

-Increases heart rate
-Increases blood pressure
-Decreases muscle tone of bronchiole tree
-Dilates passages in lungs
-Constricts blood vessels

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Epinephrine auto injector adverse effects

-Tachycardia/palpitations
-Angina
-Headache
-Nausea/vomiting
-Dizziness
-Hypertension
-Nervousness/anxiety
-Tremors

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Epinephrine auto injector precautions

-Requires medical consultation in pregnant patients unless:
-Patient is in severe allergic reaction
-Patient is in severe asthma

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Epinephrine auto injector contraindications

none in the presence of anaphylaxia

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Epinephrine auto injector dosage for adults

0.3 mg IM, medical consultation may be required prior to administration to adult asthma patients

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Epinephrine auto injector dosage for pediatric patients

0.15 mg IM, additional doses may require medical consultation

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Epinephrine auto injector administration

Study These Flashcards

-Ensure medication is not discolored
-Medical consultation is required
-Remove cap from auto-injector
-Place tip against patient’s thigh
-lateral aspect
-midway between waist and knee
-Push firmly against thigh until injector activates
-Hold at least 10 seconds
-Record name, dose, route, and time of administration
-Properly dispose of auto-injector

Aspirin indications

-chest pain of cardiac origin

Aspirin actions

-Reduces the risk of blood clotting -Relieves pain and inflammation

Aspirin adverse effects

-Stomach upset -Heartburn -Drowsiness -Mild headache

Aspirin precautions

-Ensure the patient is alert and responsive -If the patient has a prescription for nitroglycerin and meets the criteria for administration, do not delay in assisting with nitroglycerin. -Request a paramedic response if paramedics were not dispatched

Aspirin contraindications

-Allergic to aspirin -Has taken 325 mg aspirin within 60 minutes for this event -Blood pressure more than 180 over more than 110 -Active or suspected GI bleeding

Aspirin dosage

Adult: one non-coated 325 mg aspirin tablet or four 81 mg tablets

Aspirin administration

-Ask the patient to swallow the aspirin tablet(s) with water -Record actions, including dosage and time of administration

Nitroglycerin indications

Chest pain or discomfort suspected to be of cardiac origin

Nitroglycerin actions

Dilates blood vessels, reducing workload on the heart

Nitroglycerin adverse effects

-Headache -Dizziness -Hypotension -Flushing

Nitroglycerin precautions

-Monitor blood pressure closely -Do not use if systolic blood pressure is below 90 mmHg or if the patient has taken erectile dysfunction medication within 24-48 hours

Nitroglycerin Contraindications

Hypotension, recent use of ED medications

Nitroglycerin dosage

0.4 mg sublingually (under the tongue), repeatable every 5 minutes as needed, up to three doses.

Nitroglycerin administration

-Place tablet or spray under the tongue of the patient -Do not allow the patient to swallow the tablet -Record administration details

Albuterol indications

Asthma, Difficulty breathing with wheezing

Albuterol actions

Bronchodilator, relaxes muscles in the airways

Albuterol adverse effects

-Tachycardia -Nervousness -Tremors -Dry mouth -Palpitations

Albuterol precautions

Monitor for overuse in patients with chronic lung diseases

Albuterol contraindications

Known hypersensitivity to albuterol or its components

Albuterol dosage

2.5 mg in 3 mL saline via nebulizer or 1-2 puffs from an inhaler

Albuterol administration

-Via nebulizer or metered dose inhaler -Record administration details

Naloxone (Narcan) indications

Suspected Opioid overdose with respiratory depression

Naloxone (Narcan) actions

Opioid antagonist, reverses effects of opioids

Naloxone (Narcan) adverse effects

-Withdrawal symptoms in opioid-dependent patients -Agitation -Nausea

Naloxone (Narcan) precautions

Be prepared for aggressive behavior post-administration in some patients

Naloxone (Narcan) Contraindications

None in suspected opioid overdose

Naloxone (Narcan) dosage

0.4 to 2 mg intranasally or IM, repeatable as needed

Naloxone (Narcan) administration

-Administer intranasally or intramuscularly -Record administration details

Activated Charcoal indications

Poisoning by mouth

Activated Charcoal actions

-Absorb some poisons -Prevent absorption by the body

Activated Charcoal adverse effects

-May indirectly induce vomiting -May cause nausea

Activated Charcoal precautions

-Does not absorb all drugs -Does not absorb all toxic substances

Activated Charcoal contraindications

-Altered mental status -Patients who have received an emetic -Ingestion of acids or alkalis

Activated Charcoal dosage for adults and pediatric patients

1 gram/kg or 0.5 gram/lb

Activated Charcoal administration

-Medical consultation may be required -Shake container thoroughly -Persuade patient to drink the 'muddy' liquid. A covered container and straw may help -Ensure container is shaken or stirred just prior to ingestion -Record name, dose, route, and time of administration

New medication deck Flashcards

(59 cards)