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New South Wales Flashcards

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1
Q

In what year were vineyards first planted in New South Wales?

A

1788

  • country’s 1st vineyards
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2
Q

What is the mountain range that runs the north-south axis of eastern Australia?

A

Great Dividing Range

  • separates wetter coastal areas from more arid interior

(Hunter Valley pic)

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3
Q

New South Wales accounts for approximately what % of Australia’s wine production?

A

25% (1/4)

  • over 1/2 NSW’s prod W Great Dividing Range in heavily irrigated Riverina region (Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area)
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4
Q

Over 1/2 of the NSW’s production is concentrated west of the Great Dividing Range in the what heavily irrigated region?

A

Riverina

  • aka Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area
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5
Q

What is Riverina also known as?

A

Murumbidgee Irrigation Area

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6
Q

Who is the producer of the runaway success Yellow Tail?

A

Casella

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7
Q

From what region does Casella source most of its fruit?

A

Riverina

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8
Q

Viticulture in the Lower Hunter Valley dates to what year?

A

1830

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9
Q

What is the climate of Hunter Valley?

A

subtropical

  • one of the warmest climates in Australia
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10
Q

What percentage of Hunter Valley’s output is white wine?

A

60%

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11
Q

What grape is “Hunter Riesling”?

A

Semillon

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12
Q

What subregion of Hunter claims the oldest Verdelho?

A

Broke Fordwich

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13
Q

What are Hunter’s most imprtant red grapes?

A

Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon

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14
Q

In what GI of NSW will you find sparkling wines and still Pinot Noir and Chardonnay from sundrenched, basalt slopes of the Snowy Mountains?

A

Tumbarumba GI

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15
Q

The Hunter Region is sandwiched between the coast and and what mountain range?

A

Brokenback Mountains

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16
Q

Name two mountain ranges in New South Wales?

A

Great Dividing Range

Brokenback Mountains

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17
Q

What are the 4 regions of Big Rivers?

A

Big Rivers

  • Murray Darling
  • Swan Hill
  • Riverina
  • Perricoota
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18
Q

What is Australia’s oldest, continuously operating winery?

A

Wyndham Estate

  • in Hunter
  • est 1828 by George Wyndham
  • planted Australia’s first commercial Shiraz vineyard in 1830
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19
Q

What are the rivers of Big Rivers?

A

Murray
Murrumbidgee

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20
Q

Who is the single largest producer in Riverina, and what is their brand?

A

Casella

  • Largest family-owned winery in Australia
  • Creators of Yellow Tail for the American market in 2001 (solely for export)
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21
Q

What is the finest wine in Riverina?

A

De Bortoli ‘Noble One’

  • Botrytis Semillon
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22
Q

What are the 3 regions of the Central Ranges?

A

Cowra
Mudgee
Orange

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23
Q

Central Ranges

Elevation and Climate by subzone

A
  • Orange 600-1000+M
    • Highest in the country, peaking on Mount Canobolas (extinct volcano)
    • Very cool climate
  • Mudgee 400-500M+
    • Dry, sunny
    • Large diurnal shift
  • Cowra
    • Lowest in elevation
    • Warmest
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24
Q

Central Ranges

Soils and Major Grapes by subzone

A
  • Mudgee
    • Brown sandy loam
    • Cab Sauv, Merlot, Shiraz
  • Orange
    • Basaltic red-brown clay, other colored clay loams, gravel, terra rossa
    • Cab Sauv, Merlot, Shiraz, Chardonnay
  • Cowra
    • Brown loamy sand, red clay subsoil
    • Chardonnay, Shiraz, Cab Sauv, Merlot
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25
What is the region of Hunter Valley?
**Hunter**
26
Central Ranges ## Footnote Major Geographic Features
* **Great Dividing Range** * **Lachlan River** * **Belubula River** (Cowra) * **Mount Canobolas** (Orange)
27
What are the 3 subregions of Hunter?
* **Brokefordwich** * **Pokolbin** * **Upper Hunter Valley**
28
In addition to the Pokolbin and Brokefordwich GI's, what are the other subregions of the Lower Hunter Valley?
* **Allandale** * **Belford** * **Dalwood** * **Rothbury**
29
What is the climate of Hunter?
**Hunter** * **Humid and subtropical** * **2070 Degree Days (region IV)** * **Early harvest due to early autumn, which comes with constant cloud cover and often rainstorms**
30
Hunter ## Footnote Soils, Geographic Features, Major Grapes
**Hunter** * **Upper Hunter**: **Black silt loam** * **Lower Hunter**: **Friable loam and red duplex soils** * **Hunter and Goulburn Rivers, Great Dividing Range** * **Semillon, Chardonnay, Verdelho, Shiraz**
31
Region of Northern Slopes Zone
**New England Austalia**
32
New England Australia is a Region within what Zone?
**Northern Slopes**
33
2 Regions within South Coast
* **Shoalhaven Coast** * **Southern Highlands**
34
Shoalhaven Coast and Southern Highlands are Regions within what Zone?
**South Coast Zone**
35
Regions within Southern New South Wales
* **Canberra District** * **Tumbarumba** * **Hilltops** * **Gundagai**
36
Canberra District, Tumbarumba, Hilltops and Gundagai are Regions within what Zone?
**Southern New South Wales**
37
Region within Northern Rivers
**Hastings River**
38
Hastings River is a Region witin what Zone
**Northern Rivers**
39
What is Australia's oldest, continuously operating winery?
Wyndham Estate in Hunter, established 1828 by George Wyndham; planted Australia's first commercial Shiraz vineyard in 1830.
40
What is the alternative name for Riverina?
Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area
41
What is Hunter Riesling?
Sémillon
42
What is Hunter's most planted grape?
Chardonnay
43
What is Hunter's most important grape?
Sémillon
44
What is Broke Fordwich's claim to fame (and where is it)?
The oldest Verdelho plantings in the country (it's a subregion of Hunter).
45
The Canberra District is shared between what two states?
New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory
46
What are the 4 regions of Big Rivers?
Murray Darling Swan Hill Riverina Perricoota
47
What are the rivers of Big Rivers?
Murray Murrumbidgee
48
Who is the single largest producer in Riverina, and what is their brand?
Casella - largest family-owned winery in Australia. Creators of Yellow Tail for the American market in 2001 (solely for export).
49
What is the finest wine in Riverina?
De Bortoli Noble One Botrytis Semillon
50
What are the 3 regions of the Central Ranges?
Cowra Mudgee Orange
51
Central Ranges: Elevation and climate by subzone
Orange (600-1000+M) is the highest in the country, peaking on Mount Canobolas (extinct volcano); very cool climate. Mudgee (400-500M+); dry and sunny, large diurnal shift Cowra: lowest in elevation, and warmest
52
Central Ranges: Soils and major grapes by subzone
Mudgee: brown sandy loam; Cab Sauv, Merlot, Shiraz Orange: basaltic red-brown clay, other colored clay loams, gravel, terra rossa; Cab Sauv, Merlot, Shiraz, Chardonnay Cowra: brown loamy sand, red clay subsoil; Chardonnay, Shiraz, Cab Sauv, Merlot
53
Central Ranges: Major Geographic Features
Great Dividing Range Lachlan River, Belubula River (Cowra) Mount Canobolas (Orange)
54
What is the region of Hunter Valley?
Hunter
55
What are the 3 subregions of Hunter?
Brokefordwich Pokolbin Upper Hunter Valley
56
In addition to the Pokolbin and Brokefordwich GI's, what are the other subregions of the Lower Hunter Valley?
Allandale Belford Dalwood Rothbury
57
What is the climate of Hunter?
Humid and subtropical, 2070 Degree Days (region IV) Early harvest due to early autumn, which comes with constant cloud cover and often rainstorms.
58
Hunter: Soils, geographic features, and major grapes
black silt loam, dark clay loam (upper hunter), friable loam and red duplex soils (lower hunter) Hunter and Goulburn Rivers, Great Dividing Range Semillon, Chardonnay, Verdelho Shiraz
59
What is a duplex soil?
An Australian term for soils with contrasting texture between soil horizons - elsewhere called texture contrast soils
60
What is the region of Northern River?
Hastings River
61
Hastings River: Climate, Geographical Features, Soils
Very hot and tropical - Region V. Some potential to produce Hunter-styled wines Broken Bago Range, Pacific Ocean, Hastings River Rich alluvial and red volcanic soils
62
What is the region of the Northern Slopes?
New England Australia
63
What are the 2 regions of the South Coast
Shoalhaven Coast Southern Highlands
64
What is Shoalhaven Coast most known for?
Varietal Chambourcin (Teinturier French hybrid)
65
Southern Highlands: soils and major grapes
Balsalt and Shale derived brown earth Tempranillo, Shiraz, Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc
66
What are the 4 regions of Southern New South Wales?
Canberra District Tumbarumba Hilltops Gundagai
67
Canberra District: Soils, Climate, Major Grapes
Red-brown loams Mild continental climate, often draws comparisons to Cote Rotie Shiraz/Viognier, Cab Sauv, Merlot, Pinot Noir, Riesling - generally very elegant and delicate in style
68
Gundagi: Soils, Geographic Features, Major Grapes
Red earth and podzolics (eucalypt forest soils) Snowy Mountains, Murrumbidgee River Shiraz, Cab Sauv, Chardonnay
69
Hilltops: Soils, Climate, Major Grapes
Red granite clay, basalt Warm, continental Cab Sauv, Shiraz
70
Tumbarumba: Soils, Climate, Geographic Features, Major Grapes
Gritty, granitic and basaltic Cold, high elevation, frost prone Snowy Mountains Chardonnay, Pinot Noir (usually for sparkling wine)
71
What are the zones of New South Wales?
``` Big Rivers Central Ranges Hunter Valley Northern Rivers Northern Slopes South Coast Southern New South Wales Western Plains ```
72
Why do most larger producers buy grapes rather than land in Tumbarumba?
The marginal, frost-probe climate makes viticulture risky.
73
What are the regions of the Western Plains?
There are no smaller regions within the Western Plains
74
What is Australia's newest GI?
New England Australia, in the Northern Slopes of New South Wales
75
Which GI is home to Australia’s highest altitude vineyard?
New England Australia GI, Northern Slopes, NSW Found on Black Mountain (home to Australia's highest altitude vineyard, at 1320 meters above sea level)
76
In what GI would we find the producers Brokenwood, Mount Pleasant, and Tyrrell’s?
Hunter GI, Hunter Valley, NSW
77
Where would we see red wines produced from the teinturier grape Chambourcin?
Hastings River GI, Northern Rivers, NS Shoalhaven Coast GI, South Coast, NSW
78
Match the wine to the producer: a. Tyrrell’s 1. Noble One B b. De Bartoli 2. Vat No. 1 A c. Mount Pleasant 3. Black Cluster Shiraz D d. Wyndham Estate 4. Graveyard Shiraz F e. Clonakilla 5. “Philip” Shiraz C f. Brokenwood 6. Shiraz/Viognier E
Match the wine to the producer: a. Tyrrell’s 1. Noble One B b. De Bartoli 2. Vat No. 1 A c. Mount Pleasant 3. Black Cluster Shiraz D d. Wyndham Estate 4. Graveyard Shiraz F e. Clonakilla 5. “Philip” Shiraz C f. Brokenwood 6. Shiraz/Viognier E
79
In what year did Australia first varietally bottle a Chardonnay (contested)?
1971 w Tyrrell’s Vat 47 Pinot Chardonnay
80
Arrange these Central Range GIs from North to South: a. Orange b. Cowra c. Mudgee
c, a, b
81
Arrange these GIs from coolest to hottest according to mean January temp: a. Upper Hunter Valley b. Hastings River c. Tumbarumba d. Murray Darling
c, a, b, d
82
What region does De Bortoli’s Noble One Botrytis Semillon hail from?
Riverina
83
What GI has Tempranillo as its most-planted grape?
Southern Highlands
84
What river waters the Riverina GI?
Murrumbidgee
85
Which GI has been the longest established? Which is the most recent?
Hunter (1997) New England Australia (2008)
86
What is the name of the Hunter Valley estate James Busby planted in 1830?
Kirkton
87
What variety of Muscat is predominantly found in NSW?
Muscat Gordo Blanco
88
Wine Atlas of Australia writer James Halliday was a founding partner of what NSW winery?
Brokenwood
89
What are the two Exceptional Langsten’s Classification wines of NSW?
Brokenwood, Graveyard Shiraz, Hunter Valley Clonakilla, Shiraz Viogner, Canberra District
90
There is one Outstanding classified wine from NSW, what is it?
There is one Outstanding classified wine from NSW, what is it? Tyrrell’s Vat 1, Semillon, Hunter Valley
91
Name one of the four Excellent classified wines from NSW:
De Bortoli, Noble One (Botrytrised Semillon), Riverina Lake’s Folly, White Label Cabernets, Hunter Valley McWilliams, Lovedale Vineyard Semillon, Hunter Valley Tyrrell’s, Vat 47, Chardonnay, Hunter Valley
92
What are the 3 subregions of Hunter?
Broke Fordwich Pokolbin Upper Hunter Valley
93
What are the 3 subregions of the Central Ranges? List North to South.
Mudgee Orange Cowra
94
Which subregion is the highest elevation of the Central Ranges up to 600masl?
Orange- think citrus tones in cool climate Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, and Riesling, which is what grows here
95
What is the historical significance of Dalwood Estate in Hunter Valley?
Australia’s oldest, longest operating winey, est. 1828
96
What were the grapes George Wyndham planted in 1830 at Dalwood Estate that he called “Madeira” and “Hermitage” in Hunter Valley NSW?
“Madeira” (verdelho) and “Hermitage” (shiraz)- the shiraz was the first commercial plantings in Australia and at one time were some of the country’s longest lived shiraz vines in history- but have since been replanted. The Verdelho is some of oldest plantings of Verdelho in the world- can’t confirm original plantings are still in use- but do see an article from 2004 stating they have pre-World War I Verdelho vines.
97
What is the best description for Hunter Semillon? Late ripening, higher abv, ripe fruit Late ripening, lower abv, restrained fruit Early ripening, lower abv, ripe fruit Early ripening, higher abv, restrained fruit
Early ripening, lower abv, ripe fruit
98
What tributary flows for 560 mi, from the Snowy Mountains until its confluence with the Murray River, and is responsible for much of the irrigation in Riverina?
The Murrumbidgee River
99
What is the Region of the Northern River's Zone?
Hastings River
100
What is the Region of the Nothern Slopes Zone?
New England Australia
101
What are the Regions (2) of the South Coast Zone?
Shoalhaven Coast Southern Highlands
102
What are the Regions (4) of the South Wales Zone?
Canberra District Tumbarumba Hilltops Gundagai
103
Riverina is in which Zone?
Big Rivers Zone
104
What are the "big rivers" in the Big Rivers Zone?
Murray Murrumbidgee
105
What is the largest region in terms of production in Australia?
Riverina, NSW
106
New England Australia GI is home to what? (Northern Slopes, NSW)
Black Mountain Australia's highest altitude vineyard @ 1320 m
107
Geographical features of New England Australia (Northern Slopes, NSW)
Great Dividing Range Black Mountain Peel, Gayvdir, Severn Rivers Moonbi Hills
108
What are the key producers of Murray Darling?
Lindemans Zilzie Wines Deakin Estate
109
Key Producers in the Hunter GI:
Tyrrells Brokenwood Yarraman Estate McWilliams Mount Pleasant Keith Tullrock Wyndham Estate
110
Broke Fordwich is within:
The Lower Hunter -> Hunter GI -> NSW
111
What is the climate of Hunter Valley?
Subtropical One of the warmest climates
112
The Canberra District region (S New South Wales) is split between ___ & ____:
- The state of NSW - and the Australia Capital Territory
113
What wines do we find from cool-climate Tumbarumba?
Still PN and Chard from sun-drenched Basalt slopes of the Snowy Mountains
114
What were the first commercial plantings of Hunter GI?
James Busby's "Kirkton" in 1830
115
What are the geographical feathers of Hunter GI?
Hunter and Goulburn Rivers
116
What's the soil of Lower Hunter Valley?
Friable loam, red duplex soils
117
What seas surround Australia?
North - Arafura Sea East - Coral Sea South - Great Australia Bight West - Indian Ocean
118
Main red an white grapes of Hastings River GI (Northern Rivers Zone, NSW)
Chambourcin Shiraz Cab Sauv Semillon Chardonnay
119
Brokenwood's outstanding Semillon?
ILR Reserve Hunter Valley, Broke Fordwich At 6 years of age on release, the colour is just starting to show some development with yellow tints complimenting the green edges. Lifted lemon curd and floral notes heading to bees wax, brioche and toast. Lively Tahitian lime juice characters are backed by a superb, zesty acidity
120
First vines in Australia were planted in:
Sydney Harbor, NSW 1788 w/ British prisoners
121
What are some vintages that have been severly affected by dought?
2003 2006 2007 2008 2009 (bush fires)
122
What mountain range is near Hunter Valley?
Brokenback Mountains
123
NSW accounts for ___% of Australia's production?
25%
124
Where is half of NSW's production concentrated?
West of the Great Diving Range in the heavily irrigated region of Riverina/Murrumbidgee Irrigation area
125
Zones of NSW:
Northern Slopes Northern Rivers Hunter Valley Central Ranges Southern New South Wales South Coast Western Plains Big Rivers
126
Big Rivers Zone - Regions:
Murray Darling* Perricosta Riverina Swan Hill* *shared with Victoria
127
Central Ranges Zone - Regions:
Cowra Mudgee Orange
128
Hunter Valley Zone - Hunter Region - Subregions:
Broke Fordwich Pokolbin Upper Hunter Valley
129
Northern Rivers Zone - Region:
Hastings River
130
Northern Slopes Zone - Region:
New England Australia
131
South Coast Zone - Regions:
Shoalhaven Coast Southern Highlands
132
Southern New South Wales Zone - Regions:
Canberra District Tumbarumba Hilltops Gundagai
133
Does Western Plains Zone have any regions?
No
134
What sub-regions are shared by NSW and Victoria?
Murray Darling Swan Hill
135
What mountain range separates the wetter coastl areas from the arid interior?
Great Dividing Range
136
Riverina is in what zone?
Big Rivers Zone
137
What are the two "Big Rivers" in the Big Rivers Zone?
Murray Murrumbidgee
138
What is the largest region in terms of production in Australia?
Riverina, NSW
139
New England Australia GI is home to what? (Northern Slopes, NSW)
Black Mountain, Australia's highest altitude vineyard @ 1320m above sea level
140
Geographical features of New England Australia (Northern Slopes, NSW):
Great Dividing Range Black Mountain (highest elevation) Peel, Gavydir, Seven Rivers Moonbi Hills
141
Murray Darling (Big Rivers, NSW): Producers
Lindemans Zilzie WInes Deakin Estate
142
Where do we find Yellowtail?
Casella producer Riverina GI, most fruit from here
143
Another huge producer of Riverina GI?
De Bertoli - highlight is "Noble One a botrytized semillon dessert wine
144
Hunter GI: Producers
Tyrrells Brokenwood Yarraman Estate McWilliams Mount Pleasant Keith Tullock Wyndham Estate
145
Broke Fordwich is within:
The Lower Hunter - Hunter GI - NSW
146
What is "Hunter Riesling"? Top example?
Semillon Tyrrell's "Vat #1"
147
Climate of Hunter Valley?
Sub-tropical One of the warmest climates
148
What other varietal is popular in the Hunter Valley Region besides Semillon?
Verdelho - aromatic, tropical-fruited wines
149
What sub-region of Hunter claims the oldest Verdelho plantings in the country?
Broke Fordwich
150
The Canberra District Region (S. New South Wales) is split between:
The state of NSW and the Australian Capital Territory
151
Canberra District: Prominent wine?
Clonakilla's Canberra District Shiraz - co-fermented with Viognier
152
What wines do we find in cool-climate Tumbarumba?
Still PN and Chard - sun-drenched Basalt Slopes of the Snowy Mountains
153
Hunter GI: First commercial plantings?
James Busby's "Kirkton" 1830
154
Hunter GI: Geographical features
Hunter and Goulburn Rivers
155
Lower Hunter Valley: Soil
Friable loam, red duplex soils
156
Hastings River GI (Northern Rivers Zone, NSW): White/Red grapes
Chambourcin Shiraz Cab Sauv Semillon Chardonnay
157
Brokenwood's Outstanding Semillon?
ILR Reserve Hunter Valley, Broke Fordwich
158
Main grapes of Murray Darling/Swan Valley?
Chardonnay/Shiraz
159
First vines in Australia were planted in:
Sydney Harbor NSW 1788 w/ British prisoners
160
Oldest estate in Australia?
Wyndham, Hunter Valley 1828

Australia (8 decks)

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