NEW TESTAMENT 1 FALL 2017 Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is the Apocrypha
“Roman Catholics and some Eastern Orthodox churches recognize” [other books] “as Scripture. Protestants acknowledge their literary value and historical significance but do not view them as possessing spiritual authority.”
Elwell p.44= a group of books, existing in Greek, that appeared roughly between 200 BC and AD 100.
they deal with the religious ideas and history of the Jews. they are never quoted in the N.T. and were excluded by the Jews of Judea from their canon of Scripture.
Why Study the New Testament?
1=It Mediates God’s Presence-and with it Truth
2=It is of Ultimate Personal Significance
3=It is Foundational to Cultural Literacy
4=To Avoid the Tyranny of Preformed Personal Opinion
5=To Avoid Misguided Reliance on the Holy Spirit
6=To Enable Historical-Theological Interpretation
what are the silent years?
The 400 Years between Malachi and the New Testament.
“With the Old Testament canon closing with Malachi at about 397 B.C., we see that this period between Malachi and Matthew covers some four hundred years. This four hundred year interval has been called “the dark period” of Israel’s history in pre-Christian times, because during it there was neither prophet nor inspired writer.” (bibleinst.com)
what are the 6 periods that run during the silent years (four centuries)between the testaments?
the periods are:
- The Persian,
- The Greek,
- The Egyptian,
- The Syrian,
- The Maccabean 6. The Roman.
identify these cities in ancient palastine on the map? Galilee samaria judea decapolis perea
ancient palastine
Geography: Approx. 45 miles wide Approx. 145 miles long About 1/3 size of Illinois Several administrative Districts governed by Rome at the time of Jesus: Galilee, Samaria, Judea, (West) Smaller regions to the North Decapolis; 10 cities Perea region to the South (Elwell, Pg. 23)
what is the Gospel?
– General meaning is “Good News.”
A. It was originally applied to a message of victory in battle; when we proclaim victory in Jesus, we are proclaiming the gospel. 1. The word gospel appears 91 times in the New Testament. 2. Jesus resurrection occurred about 30AD but the gospels were not beginning to be written until the mid 50’s.
what are the Synoptic Gospels?
The Synoptic Gospels are: – Matthew, Mark & Luke
why are they called the Synoptic gospels?
- Matthew, Mark and Luke describe similar events and stories, often in similar sequence; unlike John, in which the content is comparatively different.
Why is John’s gospel different?
- Omissions – John omits much material, important events such asJesus temptation, transfiguration and the institution of the Lord’s supper, sermon on the mount, and the Lord’s prayer.
2. Inclusions not found in synoptic gospels – John 2-4 material, Jesus early Galilean ministry, visits to Jerusalem before the passion, resurrection of Lazarus in John 11, the extended farewell discourse in John 13-17.
(bible. org)
who were the Pharisees?
Pharisees – Name probably derived from an Aramaic term meaning “separate” and could be used to refer to the Pharisees as “separated ones.”
A. Two Schools of Pharisaic thought: Hillel & Shammai
1. “Hillel revolutionized rabbinic thought with a new method of exegesis that allowed for a more liberalized interpretation of the law.
2. Shammai was a stricter, more
who were the sadducees?
Sadducees - Priestly aristocrats who theologically rejected almost everything the Pharisees believed. They did not believe in angels, spirits, the resurrection, the last judgement, life after death, divine providence, or a coming Messiah.
who were the Essenes?
Essenes – A strict, highly disciplined community that rejected luxury, most lived in celibacy.
who were the Zealots?
Zealots – Agree with Pharisees but intolerant of being ruled politically by anyone other than God.
what is the Apocalyptic movement?
Apocalyptic Movement – Not a set group but a movement that produced vast material of special revelation. (Note: The book of revelation is considered apocalyptic in genre)
what is Q?
What is Q?: from the German word “Quelle, meaning “source.” This is a source said by some to have been used to account for about 250 verses of teaching material found in Matthew and Luke but not found in Mark. Others argue that Matthew and Luke used a number of other sources and from oral tradition.
what is the order of the Gospels?
Order of the Gospels – The strongest view held today is that Mark wrote his gospel first as a disciple of Peter which was borrowed by Matthew and Luke. A widely held view during the early church was that Matthew wrote his gospel first followed by Luke and then Mark.
when were the Gospels written?
Author – Date Written Matthew: 60-65A.D.Mark: between 55-65A.D
. Luke: about 60A.D.
John: Probably 85-90A.D.
to whom were the Gospels written?
Matthew=Jews
source=mark/Q
Mark=Romans
source=Peter’s disciple
Luke=Greeks
source=Mark;res.;Q
John=The world
source=Eye witness
what is the History of Palerstine from the retuern to the destruction of Jerusalem?
1=Persia 2=Greece 3=Rome 4=The Maccabean Period 5=Herod the Great 6=Herod’s Descendants Rule Archelaus 4bc-6ad Phillip 4bc-34ad Antipas 4bc-39ad Herod Agrippa I and II (AD37-66
Jewish War – 66ad-70ad
who was Matthew?
Setting – “Matthew was a Jewish tax collector who became one of the Jesus’ disciples. This gospel forms the connecting link between the Old and New Testaments because of its emphasis on the fulfillment of prophecy.” (Life Application Study Bible)
which of the four gospels is more systematic?
Matthew’s gospel seems, to some scholars, to demonstrate the most systematic theology of the four gospels.
what is the outline of the Gospel of Matthew?
Overview Chapter 1 – The Doctrine of God Chapter 2 – The Doctrine of Human Nature Chapter 3 – The Law of Repentance/ Baptism Chapter 4 – The Doctrine of Ministry
Chapter 5 – The Call of Mercy
Chapter 6 – The Call to Faith
Chapter 7 – The Call to Justice
