New Testament in Antiquity Ch. 1-12 Midterm Flashcards
(133 cards)
1
Q
Having died at an old age, Alexander the Great left several sons who competed from his throne.
A
False
2
Q
The Bible of the Jewish Synagogue consisted of the Old Testament.
A
True
3
Q
The three major Jewish sects of the first century, as listed by Josephus, are:
A
Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes
4
Q
Because Herod’s mother was an Arab, he was seen as “half-Jewish” and therefore an “outsider” by many Jews.
A
True
5
Q
Pontius Pilate was the Roman governor who oversaw Jesus trial and crucifixion.
A
True
6
Q
The first Jewish revolt of Rome, which resulted in the destruction of the Jerusalem temple, is dated
A
AD 66–70
7
Q
Paul was a Roman citizen.
A
True
8
Q
The Hellenistic Period (332–63 BC) or Hellenism was characterized by
A
the spreading of Greek culture
9
Q
Israel is located at the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea and forms a land bridge that connected great empires in antiquity.
A
True
10
Q
Rome was the empire that sacked Jerusalem, destroyed the Jewish temple, and carried away many of the Jews into exile in 586 B.C.
A
False
11
Q
What is the name of the Jewish leadership “high council” in Jerusalem that governed the temple for the Jews during Jesus’ time.
A
Sanhedrin
12
Q
Both of the Gospels of Luke and Matthew contain genealogies for Jesus, and they match exactly except for the fact that Luke’s goes back to Adam and Matthew’s stops at King David; in the parallel portions they match exactly.
A
False
13
Q
Which Gospel contains what is often referred to as the “messianic secret,” a presentation of Jesus in that Jesus frequently conceals is true identity?
A
Mark
14
Q
The decisive turning point in Mark’s Gospel narrative occurs when Peter confesses Jesus’ true identity at Caesarea Philippi (8:29).
A
True
15
Q
In the Synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke), Jesus ministry takes place primarily in Galilee.
A
True
16
Q
In the Gospel of Luke, Jesus’ final Journey to Jerusalem dominates the middle section of the gospel and most of the information about Jesus’ ministry in that section is borrowed from the Gospel of Mark.
A
False
17
Q
Each of the four canonical Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John) were written by one of Jesus’ twelve disciples/Apostles.
A
False
18
Q
The term “synoptic” refers to the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and John because they all share similar stories, structure, and themes
A
False
19
Q
The primary theme of Jesus’ parables and his overall teachings is _____________________.
A
Kingdom of God
20
Q
The term Apostle refers to one of twelve intimate disciples chosen by Jesus to be “sent out” to continue his ministry and to bring the gospel to others, though Paul is later counted among them.
A
True
21
Q
What is the date of the Second Jewish Revolt?
A
AD 132-135
22
Q
The expulsion of a person or group of people from an area because of a political decision or personal transgression:
A
Exile
23
Q
The group of “dispersed” Jews existing outside of Judea or Israel?
A
Diaspora
24
Q
The translation fo the Old Testament into Greek, LXX:
A
Septuagint
25
The ruler of an ethnic group:
Ethnarch
26
The "pious ones"; a Jewish group dedicated to religious purity and separation from Hellenism
Hasidim
27
The region and empire in which the Jews expired their exile:
Babylon
28
Persian monarch who permitted the Jews to emigrate following the fall of Babylon:
Cyrus
29
A meeting of Jews for prayer, reading Scripture, and discussing the Law which developed in the absence of the temple
Synagogue
30
Beginning of the Jewish festal cycle, celebrating the growth in the field and flock and recalling Israel's departure from Egypt:
Passover
31
Fifty days after Passover, concluding the cereal harvest and recalls Israel's two years at Horeb receiving the covenant and law from Moses:
Pentecost
32
The harvest of tree and vine when Jews recall lessons learned from their years wandering in the desert:
Feast of Tabernacles/Booths
33
Collection of writings in the Septuagint from the intertestamental period:
Apocrypha
34
Writings from the apocalyptic Essene community:
Dead Sea Scrolls
35
The gospels by Mathew, Mark and Luke which bear similar characteristics:
Synoptics
36
The theory held by most scholars that the gospel of Mark came before and often served as a base text for the other Gospels:
Markan Priority
37
From the German word Quelle or "source," the proposed and unidentified source used by both Matthew and Luke:
Q
38
The theory that suggests each gospel saying and story can be attributed to one of the four sources (Matthew, Mark, Q, or Luke):
"Four Source" Hypothesis
39
A follower or "learner" who followed Jesus in the wider public:
Disciple
40
The place where Peter confesses Jesus' identity as the Messiah which begins his movement towards Jerusalem:
Caesarea Philippi
41
The high priest of the Jerusalem temple at the time of Jesus' death:
Caiaphas
42
Exalted title for teachers of the Jewish law, "great one?"
Rabbi
43
A major component of Jesus' teaching style commonplace themes or imagery for teaching unique insights or inviting the listener to make a decision:
Parables
44
The primary theme of Jesus' teaching, concerning God's incoming presence and rule among his people and the whole world:
Kingdom of God
45
"The anointed one" who would initiate the Kingdom of God in the world and the restoration of people and order; alternatively a title used to describe God's anointed Kings and prophets:
Messiah
46
A messianic title that was also used to describe many of Israel's kings and heavenly beings:
Son of God
47
A messianic title and Jesus' most famous self-designation recalling a celestial figure mentioned in Jewish apocalyptic literature:
Son of Man
48
The Greek word for church or "assembly" only mentioned in Matthew:
Ekklesia
49
A prominent center for the early Christian community, likely where Matthew wrote his gospel:
Antioch (Syrian)
50
City in lower Galilee which Jesus began to call home:
Capernaum
51
An old testament figure often used by Matthew as who prefigures or parallels the life of Jesus:
Moses
52
Matthews audience?
Primarily Jewish
53
Stories mentioned in Matthew that set it apart:
Christmas story of the Magi bringing gifts to Jesus and Herod the Greats plan to kill the new "king"
54
Likely writes his gospel after the failed First Jewish Revolt; such as it reflects the issues of devastation and renewal:
Context of Matthew
55
Which gospels begin with genealogies?
Matthew (stops at Abraham) and Luke (stops at Adam, aka the "Son of Man")
56
The opening event in Matthew:
"Sermon on the Mount"
57
What gospel tells us that the chief priests and Pharisees request Pilate to put guards at Jesus' tomb to prevent his disciples from "fraudulently" claiming Jesus raising from the dead:
Matthew
58
What is the setting of Matthew?
Palestine or Syria, "Hebrew writing style"
59
Who is the author of Matthew?
Credited to Matthew, one of Jesus' disciples, though the book itself mentions no author. That is why some scholars prefer to view this gospel as anonymous
60
A feature of Mark's gospel wherein Jesus often conceals his true identity, possibly to avoid hostile political attention:
Messianic Secret
61
Mediterranean region north of Judea?
Galilee
62
Where is Mark written:
Clement of Alexandria said with confidence Marke wrote his gospel from Rome
63
What language do Mark's readers speak:
Most readers/hearers spoke Greek and did not know Hebrew or Aramaic. Hebrew names and Aramaic words are translated
64
What is the purpose of Mark:
Mark wants to persuade us to see Jesus as the Messiah embraced by all the world.
65
A symbolic echo of the twelve tribes of Israel:
Mark's list of the twelve men (apostles)
66
Jesus even invites the three among them (Peter, James, John) to observe breathtaking scenes:
The raising up of a little girl, and his transfiguration. These three will later ask him privately about his teachings, and accompany him in the night of prayer before his arrest.
67
What leading figures of Jewish society interrogates Jesus after he is arrested in Mark?
Pharisees, Herodians, Sadducees, and scribes
68
Who is the author of the gospel of Mark?
Unlike Hellenistic biographies, no gospel bears reference to its author.
69
The heart of Luke's gospel; the reality which contains forgiveness, liberation, and healing brought by Jesus.
Salvation
70
The agent of salvation, common title to many ancient deities, but Luke presents Jesus as the true ______.
Savior
71
An instrument of Roman oppression and occupation which required each family to return to its ancestral homeland for taxation:
Census
72
The recipient of Luke-Acts, name means "beloved by God" suggested he received this name after baptism. Enjoys high social status because Luke calls him "most excellent:"
Theophilus
73
The cruelest form of punishment in the ancient world; Rome reserved it for foreigners and slaves, finding it too brutal for Roman citizens.
Crucifixion
74
The father of John the Baptist who offers incense at the temple when an angel announces that his son will prepare Israel for the coming of the Lord.
Zachariah
75
A village in Galilee where Jesus was raised near the expanding city of Sepphoris:
Nazareth
76
Who was the audience of Luke?
The readers are likely Gentiles, for when Luke mentions Jewish customs, he includes explanatory phrases that help his readers understand their meaning.
77
What is the setting of Luke?
We do not know where Theophilus and the others are located, although Rome and Greece have been suggested
78
Message of Matthew:
On the teaching of Jesus
79
Message of John:
Manifestations of eternal life through Jesus
80
Message of Mark:
Stress on the person of Jesus
81
Message of Luke:
Stress on the blessings of salvation which Jesus brings
82
Before telling the story of Jesus' birth, the book of Luke recounts:
The announcement of the birth of John the Baptist
83
Which books recount both the genealogy and temptation of Jesus, after which Jesus begins his public ministry in Galilee in the power of the Spirit:
Matthew and Luke
84
As in Matthew, the opening phase of Jesus' ministry is marked by the call and teaching of the first disciples, the demonstration of his authority to heal and forgive, and his proclamation of the message of the kingdom, a ministry that the apostles are commissioned to share:
Luke
85
The journey to Jerusalem dominated middle section fo the gospel and contains most of the information about Jesus' ministry that is unique to _____:
Luke
86
In Luke, after the Last Supper, Jesus is arrested and tried. A central point is:
The absolute innocence of the Lord. Both Pilate and Herod examine him and find him innocent.
87
Luke's gospel ends with:
The encounters of Jesus with the disciples on the road to Emmaus, and his appearance to the disciples in which he gives them tangible evidence that he is no mere phantasm.
88
Luke's final account is:
The ascension of Jesus, which stitches this volume to his second scroll (Acts).
89
Who is the Author and Date of Luke-Acts:
The author of this book is credited to Luke, the traveling companion of the apostle Paul, this makes Luke-Acts the only book in the New Testament written by a Gentile. Dated two years after Paul's arrival in Rome as a prisoner or AD 62.
90
John's word for "miracle," which signifies more the meaning or belief conveyed rather than power:
Signs
91
John 1-12, detailing Jesus' public ministry and interactions:
Book of Signs
92
Chapters 13-21, detailing Jesus' teachings to the apostles, his prayer and farewell, and his death and resurrection:
Book of Glory
93
A motif in John's gospel which signifies the time of Jesus' glorification through his death on the cross:
"Hour" or hora
94
The Holy Spirit which Jesus gives to his apostles:
Paraclete
95
Understanding the in-breaking of the kingdom of God, as in some sense, a present reality, rather than a future possibility:
Realized Eschatology
96
Shorthand in John for those who are created and are inherently good although they have become hostile to God, Jesus, and the church:
The "World"
97
John the apostle who wrote this gospel and who took Jesus' mother Mary into his house:
Beloved Disciple
98
A woman who Jesus meets at a well and he reveals to her that she has been unfaithful and that he is the coming Messiah:
Samaritan woman
99
A Pharisee and member of the Sanhedrin who Jesus told must be born again at the beginning of John's gospel and who was present with Joseph Arimathea with embalming spices at the burial of Jesus.
Nicodemus
100
What is the setting of the book of John:
A strong early church tradition places the location of John's ministry in Ephesus
101
In John, the death and raising of Lazarus foreshadows:
The death and raising of Jesus, and in Chapter 12, Jesus cries out about Jewish unbelief while Greek come to the disciple eagerly seeking "to see" Jesus.
102
The most important affirmation fo the Gospel of John is:
That God has appeared in Human history in the man Jesus Christ. In him, we see the glory of God.
103
Who is the audience of the book of John:
Likely written for Christians who already knowing the rudiments of Christ's life and Christian truth, now wish to go further.
104
In a fashion unparalleled by the Synoptics, John affirms:
The oneness of Jesus and the Father, their distinction from each other, and their unity in purpose.
105
The book of John emphasizes:
How the Spirit is an integral feature in Jesus' experience of God
106
Is the only figure of whom it is said that Jesus loved him:
Lazarus
107
Believed publish date of John:
Between AD 80-100
108
The book of Acts serves as a:
"bridge document" that links the Gospel to the New Testament letters.
109
What is the message of Acts:
The spread of the gospel in Jerusalem, and Judea, then to Samaria and to Antioch, culminating with Paul's three missionary journeys throughout the empire.
110
What people does Acts revolve around:
Peter is the main protagonist in the first part of the book while Paul becomes the central figure in the second part. The lives of these apostles are paralleled.repeatedly.
111
The prominent structural element of Acts:
Luke's summary statements, which stitch his narrative together around the growth of the church and the expansion of the gospel, with a final summary statement at the end.
112
In response to Peter's preaching during the Pentecost:
Approximately 3,000 people express their faith and repentance through baptism.
113
Jewish leadership are "greatly disturbed" because of how the apostles are:
"Teaching the people [and] proclaiming in Jesus the resurrection of the death"
114
_______ and ______ are arrested and warned not to teach and preach in Jesus' name, but continue to give bold witness to the gospel empowered by the Spirit in Acts:
Peter, John
115
What is a pivotal point in Luke's message in Acts:
Stephen's Sermon
116
Who has similar visions:
Peter and Cornelius
117
Third largest urban center in the empire known as the "Pearl of the East," became the hub of the church's mission out to the wider world:
Antioch
118
Where and what is Paul's first mission:
The church launched this mission from Antioch, as a direct mission to the Gentiles instead of simply evangelizing them as a result of the dispersion generation by the persecution in Jerusalem.
119
Jewish false prophet, a court magician, opposes the gospel and is struck blind by God. In this way, Luke demonstrated the superiority of the gospel (Acts):
Elymas
120
Where is Paul's second mission:
Paul's second mission brings him back through the churches founded on the first missionary journey and to the Aegean port city of Troas, where he receives the well-known "Macedonian call." In a vision, Paul sees a Macedonian man who implores him, "Come over to Macedonia and help us."
121
In Acts, Luke repeatedly emphasizes that the gospel is:
sent "to the Jew first," as Paul himself notes. Paul first preaches the gospel to the Jewish community in a city, if they reject Jesus as the Messiah, Paul turns to the Gentiles.
122
Where is Paul's third missionary journey:
After visiting the churches founded on his previous travels, Paul arrives in Ephesus, the "mother city" of the province of Asia located at the terminus of the Cilician road.
123
How long was Paul's ministry in Ephesus:
Paul's ministry in Ephesus lasts for three years. Ephesus was a "free" city, not a Roman colony. It was the capital of Asia Minor and its most populous city (200,000-250,000)
124
______ was also the center of the Artemis cult; the temple dedicated to her was one of the wonders of the ancient world.
Ephesus
125
The last part of Acts is taken up with Paul's:
Return to Jerusalem and his imprisonment in Jerusalem, Caesarea, and Rome.
126
Paul goes to the imperial city as:
"Ambassador in chains"
127
Acts ends the storytelling of Paul's:
two-year imprisonment in Rome, where he continues to preach the gospel.
128
Luke-Acts presents itself as:
Both a biography and a history
129
The Greek word for "communion:"
Koinonia
130
The descent of the Holy Spirit on the apostles which paralleled the renewal of the covenant, 3,000 converts after Peter's sermon:
Pentecost
131
A compromised Jewish minority that survived the destruction of the northern kingdom of Israel and built a rival temple on Mount Gerizim:
Samaritan
132
A Gentile believer who sympathized with Judaism but did not fully adopt Jewish theology or practice:
God-fearers
133
Near eastern Mediterannean region west of the Jordan River, imperial province:
Judea
