New Worlds: The Americas And Oceania

Question 1

The most important factor in explaining the Spanish Victory over the Aztecs and Incas was the?

Answer 1

Devasting loss of life caused by European borne diseases.

Question 2

Christopher Columbus’s first plan was to

Answer 2

Build trading posts where merchants could trade with the local population.

Question 3

The encomenderos were

Answer 3

Spanish settlers

Question 4

The population of the Caribbean went from about 4 million in 1492 to ________________ in the 1540s.

Answer 4

A few thousand.

Question 5

The first people of the Americas to come into contact with the Spanish were the ?

Answer 5

Taíno

Question 6

Hernan Cortes was responsible for the conquest of the ?

Answer 6

Aztecs

Question 7

The last emperor of the Aztec empire was?

Answer 7

Motecuzoma II

Question 8

The conquistador who conquered the Incas was ?

Answer 8

Pizarro

Question 9

The last emperor of the Inca empire was ?

Answer 9

Atahualpa

Question 10

Conquistadors ?

Answer 10

Eventually lost control and were replaced with formal rule by the Spanish crown.

Question 11

The two centers of Spanish royal authority in the Americas were ?

Answer 11

Lima and Mexico City

Question 12

The chief Spanish Royal administrators in the Americas were the ?

Answer 12

Viceroys

Question 13

The viceroys whose power was checked by reviews conducted by the ?

Answer 13

Audieencias

Question 14

The treaty of Trodesillas ?

Answer 14

Split central and South America between Spain and Portugal

Question 15

The Portuguese began to show much more interest in Brazil after?

Answer 15

The establishment of profitable sugar plantations

Question 16

The English, French, and Dutch ?

Answer 16

Were more interested in setting up permanent colonies than were the Spanish.

Question 17

Which of the following sites in North America was originally a Dutch colony?

Answer 17

New York

Question 18

The English colony of Jamestown ?

Answer 18

Was nearly destroyed due to mass starvation

Question 19

Which of the following was NOT a difference between the Spanish approach to colonization and that of the English and French?

Answer 19

The English and French viewed the indigenous populations as their equals

Question 20

Which of the following was NOT true of the native Americans that the English and French came into contact with?

Answer 20

The Native Americans guarded their claims to private ownership of land even more jealously than the Europeans.

Question 21

The native population is what is now the United States stood at 5 million to 10 million in 1492, and at _____in 1800.

Answer 21

Six hundred thousand

Question 22

The term mestizo refers to ?

Answer 22

An individual of indigenous and European parentage

Question 23

Spanish migrants who were born in Europe were known as?

Answer 23

Peninsulares

Question 24

The métis were?

Answer 24

Individuals of French and indigenous parentage

Question 25

For the Spanish, the greatest attraction of the Americas were ?

Answer 25

Precious metals

Question 26

By the 17th century, the most prominent site of agriculture in Spanish America was the?

Answer 26

Hacienda

Question 27

To provide labor for their sugar plantations, the ?

Answer 27

Portuguese relied on imported African slaves as laborers

Question 28

In North America, the Europeans initially found a profitable commodity when they bartered for?

Answer 28

Furs

Question 29

Plantations created a high demand for?

Answer 29

Cheap labor

Question 30

The first plentiful labor force for North America was?

Answer 30

Indentured servants

Question 31

The Virginia of Guadalupe essentially became a national symbol for?

Answer 31

Mexico

Question 32

The first recorded European sighting of Australia was made by the?

Answer 32

Dutch

Question 33

Which of the following countries established the first permanent settlement in Australia?

Answer 33

England

Question 34

The British initially made use of Australia?

Answer 34

As a penal colony

Question 35

In the 1670s and 1680s, the Spanish were interested in consolidating control in which area because it lay directly on the route from Acapulco to Manila?

Answer 35

Guam

Question 36

Doña Marina was

Answer 36

A Mexican woman who aided cortés in his conquest of the Aztecs.