New Zealand Flashcards
(128 cards)
1
Q
Who first planted vines on the North Island? In what yeat
A
1819, Christian missionary
2
Q
When does actually wine production begin in NZ
A
1830’s with James Busby a british minister, he planted a small vineyard from french and spanish cutting in the Northland
3
Q
Who is Romeo Bragato
A
- An Austrian viticulturist from Victoria
- He was asked to study the nations vineyards and its latest scourge phylloxera.
- He educated many growers on grafting on to American Route Stock
- He also identified many of NZ most important wine regions (aside from Marlborough)
4
Q
What was the major downfall of winemaking in NZ in the 1900s and disbanded the Department of Agriculture’s Viticultural Division in 1909
A
Growing Temperance movement
5
Q
What is 6 o’clock swill
A
A law making all bars close early in NZ and Australia from WWI to 1967 on the North and South Island. Many growers focused on ow quality fruit that could be sold as table grapes
6
Q
Due to temperance, what variety was NZ most planted grape by the 1960s
A
Albany Surprise
7
Q
Single bottles of wine began being allowed to be sold in a wine shop in NZ in what year?
A
1955
8
Q
Restaurants began being able to sell wine in NZ in what year
A
1960
9
Q
In what year coulda winery being selling a glass of wine
A
1976
10
Q
What is NZ largest wine making company
A
Montana
11
Q
Who established Marlborough’s first commercial vintage, in what year?
A
Montana
1973
12
Q
Who produced NZ first varietal bottling?
What grape?
A
Montana
Gisbourne Chardonnay
13
Q
What producer put Marlbororgh SB on the map?
What was their first vintage?
A
Cloudy Bay Vineyards,
1985
14
Q
Where are you most likely to find sparkling wine of good quality in NZ?
A
Marlborogh
15
Q
Put NZ 5 most planted grape varieties in order from most planted to least
A
SB PN Chard Pinot Gris Merlot
16
Q
Who is the worlds Easternmost and Southernmost winemaking country?
A
New Zealand
17
Q
The North Island is at the same latitude as what?
A
Tasmania
18
Q
What provides a rain shadow for the South Island?
A
The Southern Alps, which block rain coming of the Tasman Sea moving from the West to the East
19
Q
Which of the two islands is rainier
A
The north Island, less mountainous too
20
Q
What is the southernmost wine region in the world?
A
Central Otago
21
Q
NZ vineyards are generally planted on what?
A
Flat expanses, usually within 20 miles of the Eastern Coast
22
Q
NZ has very little land to spare, so what is uncommon
A
Bulk wine, there is no equivalent to California’s Central Valley or Australia;s Riverland
23
Q
What country commands the highest average price per bottle?
A
New Zealand
24
Q
All NZ producers belong to what organization?
A
New Zealand Winegrowers
25
What year was New Zealand Winegrowers formed?
2002
26
The New Zealand Winegrowers was a joint initiative between what two groups?
Grape Growers Council x New Zealand Wine Institute
27
In what year did a group of NZ producers pioneer the Screwcap Initiative, even for ultra-premium bottling?
2001
28
Who was the first winery to release a NZ wine under screw cap?
Kim Crawford in Marlborough
29
What percentage of NZ wines are released with screw caps?
85%
30
Name the major wine regions of the North Island
```
Northland
Auckland
Waikato
Bay Of Plenty
Gisbourne
Hawkes Bay
Wairarapa
```
31
Name the major regions of the South Island
Nelson
Marlborough
Canterbury
Central Otago
32
NZ wines must be min. what percentage of a stated variety or vintage?
85%
33
What is optional for printing on a NZ bottle of wine label
Vintage and Varietal
34
```
Which of these are governed by law in NZ?
Acidification
Pruning
Yields
Irrigation techniques
```
None of them
35
Name 4 techniques in winemaking that are not governed by law in NZ
Acidification
Pruning
Yields
Irrigation techniques
36
What is NZ smallest area of production?
The Northisland, less than 1% of productions
37
What 3 grapes lead in planting in Auckland?
Chardonnay, Merlot and CS
38
Who now owns Montana winery?
Pernod Ricard
39
What are the three main viticultural hazards in the Northern part of the North Island
Rot & Frost
40
Name one un-official subregion of Auckland
Waiheke Island
41
What three subregions of the North Island is the bulk of production concentrated in?
Central and Southern Region of Gisbourne, Hawkes Bay and Wairarapa
42
What subregion has the driest climate in the North Island
Hawkes Bay
43
What are the most planted varieties in Hawkes Bay
SB & Chard (Though, they are the largest producer of red in NZ with Merlot dominating red plantings)
44
Who is NZ largest producer of red wines?
Hawkes Bay (merlot dominates)
45
What should you assosiacte with Gimblett Gravels
Areas of deep shingle soils with a great reputation for Syrah and Bordeaux blends
46
Name one subregion of Hawkes Bay, what grapes are they known for?
Ngatarawa ( Known for Merlot)
Esk Valley
Dartmoor Valley
47
Why is Hawkes Bay slated to have many diverse subregions?
Range of altitudes
| Diverse and complex soil patters from Greywacke gravel to Heavey Silt to Sandy Loam
48
Gisbourne is also known as what?
Poverty Bay
49
Nelson is known for being the most of what two things?
Sunny and Rainyest of the south Island, funny enough
50
80% of Nelson is comprised of what plantings?
Chard, SB, Riesling, PN
51
What is the South Island's smallest subregion
Nelson
52
Who controls nearly 2/3 of Marlborogh's vineyards?
Montana
53
In 1988 who did Montana join in partnership with to make sparkling wine?
Deutz
54
What subregion produces half of NZ wine
Marlborough's
55
What are the three major subregions of Marlborough
N-Wairau Valley
Central- Southern Valleys
S-Awatere Valley
56
What is the main soil type of Marlborough?
Sandy, alluvial loam topsoil over gravel, providing great drainage and limiting vine vigor
57
Where would you find the subregion of Waipara
Canterbury
58
What is NZ latest growing wineregion?
Canterbury
59
What are the major varieties planted in Canterbury
PN, Riesling, Chardonnay and SB
60
What wine growing region is the highest in alitude in NZ
Central Otago
61
Where would you find Pinot Noir taking center stage in NZ?
Central Otago
62
What is the worlds southernmost wine region?
Central Otago
63
Due to the enormous diurnal temperature swings, most producers in Central Otago plant their vines on?
Northern Hillside Exposures as opposed to Southern-facing slopes which can get to cool
64
Why is low humidity a bonus in Central Otago
Eliminates the threat of rot
65
What is a major viticultural hazard in Central Otago?
Spring Frosts, Growers can sometimes not coax any ripeness at all
66
Name three producers of Central Otago Pinot Noir
Felton Road
Mt. Difficulty
Rippon
67
Name four subregions of Central Otago
Wanaka
Gibbston
Alexandra
Cromwell Basin
68
Where are the first vines in the world to see sun each day located?
Gisborn
69
In Gisborn, Chardonnay has replaced what as the most planted variety
Muller Thurgau
70
What is Wairapara officially named?
Wellington
71
What is the most exported wine in NZ?
Montana's Landauer Sparkling wine
72
Name three producers of Marlborough SB
Kim Crawford
Cloudy Bay
Hunter's
73
In the 1960s what variety and producer hinted at long-term promise for Hawkes Bay?
McWilliams Cabernet
74
What two Mntn ranges provide a small rain shadow to Hawkes Bay?
The Ruahine and the Kaweka
75
The Rhine and the Kaweka Mountain range provide what to Hawkes bay?
Low rainfall and high temperature, perfect for ripening BDX varietals
76
In what NZ region would you find the Giblett Gravels sub region
Hawkes Bay
77
What is the moderating river of Giblett Gravels
Ngaruroro River
78
Name 3 major subregions of Hawkes Bay
```
Gimblett Gravels
Ngatarawa ( Known for Merlot)
Esk Valley
Dartmoor Valley
Bridge Pa Triangle
Havelock North Hills
Te Awanga
```
79
What is the most planted variety in Hawkes Bay?
Merlot
80
Where would you find 2/3 of NZ syrah plantings?
Hawkes Bay
81
Where would you most likely find PN planted on the North Island
Wairapara
82
Where would you find the subregion of Martinborough
Wairarapa
83
What is Montana now known as
Brancott
84
What are two major moderating rivers of Marlborough?
Wairau in the North (Wairau Valley) and Awatare in the South (Awatare Valley)
85
What climactic features make marlborough a good place to grow grapes
Unusual combination of long days, cold nights, bright sunshine and dry autumns
86
Where will you find the largest diurnal temperature swings in Marlborough?
Awatere Valley
87
Where will bud break begin later, The Awattere Valley or the Wairau Valley Floor
Awatere Valley
88
What two mountain ranges are on either side of the Wairau River
```
Richmond Ranges (West)
Wither Hill Range (East)
```
89
Where is Waihopai Valley
Marlborough
90
What two bays does Marlborough bleed into
Cloudy and Clifford's Bay
91
What seas/ oceans moderate NZ
Tasman in the West and Pacific in the East
92
North of highway 63 & 6 in Marlborough the soils are what?
Very much younger (Huge Difference in wines) in the South they are much older, but drain poorly and don't drain properly making poorer wines
93
What protects Waipara from the Easternly winds off of The pacific?
The Teviotdale hills
94
Where is Waipara
Canterbury
95
What are the soils of Waipara made of?
Calcerous loam with clay and limestone
96
Name the 4 major subregions of hawkes bay
Gimblett Gravels- deep shingle soils for BDX and Syrah
Pridge Pa
Esk Valley
Dartmoor Valley
97
Bridge Pa is a subregion of where?
Hawkes Bay
98
Dartmoor Valley is a subregion of where?
Hawkes Bay
99
Gimblett Gravels is a subregion of where and lknown for what?
Hawkes bay- Deep shingle soils good for BDX blends and syrah
100
Esk Valley is a subregion of where?
Hawkes Bay
101
Gibsbourne AKA
Poverty Bay
102
Where are the first vines in the world to see sun every day
Gisbourne
103
Most planted variety in Gisbourne
Chardonnay
104
Where is the NI driest climate
Hawkes Bay
105
Name 3 soil types found in Hawkes Bay
Greywacke Gravel, Sandy Loam, Heavy Silt
106
Where would you find Greywacke Gravel
Hawkes Bay
107
Wairarapara is officially known as what?
Wellington
108
Where is the capitol of NZ and what is it
Wairarapara the capitol is Wellington
109
Most important subregion of Wairarapara, what is predominately grown
Martibourough- PN & SB
110
Major viticultural concerns for Northland, Auckland and Gisbourne
Rot and frost- rainy maritime climate
111
What creates the rain shadow for the South island
The Southern Alps provide rain shadow from the Tasman Sea (the clouds move W-E)
112
What is unique about Nelsons climate
Sunniest wine production region
Also the raniest region on the South Island
113
Marlborough sparkling wine had a major uptick with the joining of what two forcecs
Montana X Deutz in 1988
114
Sub regions of Marlborough
Wairu Valley
Southern Valleys
Awatare Valley
115
Wairu Valley Is located where?
marlborough
116
Southern Valleys Is located where?
marlborough
117
Awatare Valley Is located where?
marlborough
118
Waipara is located where?
Canterbury
119
What is the most important subregion of Canterbury
Waipara
120
What is the general soil type of the subregions in Marlborough
Sandy Alluvial Loam over Gravel
121
Where would you find the highest altitude vineyards in NZ
Central Otago
122
Central Otage Vitivuclutral concerns
Spring Frosts
123
Sub Regions of Central Otago
Wanaka
Gibbston
Alexandra
Cromwell Basin
124
Wanka is a subregion of what?
Central Otago
125
Gibbston is a subregion of what?
Central Otago
126
Alexandra is a subregion of what?
Central OTago
127
Cromwell Basin is a subregion of what?
Central Otago
128
Name 3 producers in central otago
Felton Road
Mt. Difficulty
Rippon
