New Zealand Flashcards by RL M

What are the main regions covered in L3?

Auckland
Gisborne
Hawke's Bay
Wairarapa - Martinborough
Marlborough - Wairau, Awatere
Nelson
Canterbury
Central Otago

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What are the main white varieties grown?

Sauvignon Blanc
Chardonnay
Riesling
Gewürztraminer
Pinot Gris

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What are the main black varieties grown?

Pinot Noir
Merlot
Cabernet Sauvignon
Syrah

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What ocean is NZ located in?

Pacific Ocean

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What is the climate overall for New Zealand?

Maritime

South Island is cool;
North Island is wamer

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What is the weather like?

Long sunshine hours;

cool nights from sea breezes;

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What does the long ripening period provide?

Grapes reach high levels of sugar and flavour ripeness,

retains acidity

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Where do vineyards on the South Island tend to be and why?

On the east;

Protected by mountains from rain-bearing winds from the west

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What are the soils like?

Free draining;

do not experience waterlogging

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What happens to vines on flat land?

Can be too fertile; excessive shot and leaf growth

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What do the viticulturists do to manage vine vigour?

Trellising;

other canopy management techniques

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What are some practices that NZ industry committed to?

Environmental impact and sustainability

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What are NZ Sauvignon Blancs like?

Intense elderflower and passionfruit;
High acidity

Majority of the wine production

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What are the differences between North and South Island Sauvignon Blancs?

NI: warmer so more tropical favours

SI: cooler so higher acidity, green bell pepper and gooseberry

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How are most SB’s fermented?

Inert vessels and cool temperatures to keep fresh fruity flavours and aromas

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What are NZ Chardonnay’s like?

This is also widely planted, made in similar ways as to other countries

Different wine making techniques explored, so a diversity in wines

Generally:
concentrated citrus and tropical fruits; hints of toast and sweet spice from French new oak

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What are Riesling, Gewurztraminer and Pinot Gris’ like?

Dry autumns; cool night temps, so aromatics develop before grapes are harvested

Range from dry to sweet;
off-dry most prevalent

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What are NZ Pinot Noir’s like?

Second most planted after SB;

Vibrant fruit, ripe tannins, soft texture, high alcohol;

Distinct regional styles

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Which island PN widely grown?

South Island; few selected sites on NI

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What is the second greatest number of black grape plantings after PN?

Merlot

Limited compared to PN

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What are Cabernet Sauvignon’s blended in Merlot’s?

Adds tannin;
notes of cassis
Makes a Bordeaux-style blend

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What are Merlot-Cab Sav blends noted for?

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Purity of fruit flavours;

Where are the majority of Merlot-Cab blends produced?

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North Island; warmer temperatures help ripen these grapes

What are NZ Syrahs

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Elegant, close in styles to Rhone, rather than Australia (hotter in Oz)
Small plantings, increasing
Better in warmer sites.

What is the weather in Auckland like?

Warm and wettest in NZ; Fungal disease is an issue

What are the main varieties?

Chardonnay Merlot Syrah

Where is Waiheke Island?

Immediately east to Auckland; | top quality wines, especially reds

Where are the vineyards in Gisborne located?

On the east coast, in broad estuary plain close to the town of Gisborne

What is the weather like in Gisborne?

high rainfall; high temperatures; lots of sunshine

What are the main varieties grown?

Chardonnay: over half the plantings; distinct ripe, tropical fruit flavours Some high-quality Gewurztraminer; some full-bodied Pinot Gris

Where is Hawke's Bay?

Close to twin towns of Hastings and Napier; on east coast of the NI in an estuary plain

What is the weather like in Hawke's Bay?

Warmest of the main growing areas; | long sunshine hours

Which region is second to Marlborough in plantings?

Hawke's Bay

Why do wine styles vary in Hawke's Bay?

Diverse soils, aspect and altitude of plantings

What are Hawke's Bay's main varieties?

Merlot Cabernet Sauvignon (Bordeaux style blends) Premium Syrah

What is Gimblett Gravels?

Parcel of well-drained heat-absorbing gravel soil on the valley floor, Hawke's Bay; High reputation for black varieties

Where is Wairarapa

Small vineyards areas, spread over wide area at bottom of NI

What is the most important area in Wairarapa?

Around the small town of Martinborough

What variety does Martinborough have a global reputation for and what are the wines like?

Pinot Noir Medium- to full-bodied; ripe with hints of dark plum and spice

What is the weather like in Wairarapa, Martinborough like?

High summer temperatures; | Wide diurnal range makes suitable for PN

Where is the main centre for grape growing and what is the majority variety planted?

Marlborough, South Island Sauvignon Blanc

What are the two adjacent estuary valleys?

Wairau and Awatere

Describe Wairau

It's the larger of the two estuary's in Marlborough. Climate similar to Martinborough, long sunny days, Large valley, un-uniform; number of side valley on south that give producers range of aspects and altitudes to work with More tropical fruit flavours than Awatere

Describe Awatere

Smaller of the two estuary's in Marlborough Drier, cooler, windier, SB's have higher acidity; pronounced herbaceous characters; lack tropical fruit found in Wairau

What are the main varieties planted in Marlborough

Chardonnay and Pinot Noir Still and sparkling

What are still PN's from Marlborough like?

Medium-bodied Fine tannins Cherry and cranberry Wines are getting better as producers give more attention to variety

Where is Nelson and what is grown there?

North-west of the Wairau Valley, north coast of SI Cooler and wetter than Marlborough Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris

What are the two main centres of viticulture in Canterbury, NZ

• Larger Waipara Valley to the north of Christchurch o Impact of warm winds is more marked in Waipara; o Less exposed to ocean due to range of hills • Other in the plain immediately to the west of the town of Christchurch o Exposed to cooling influence of Pacific, o Slight warming effect from north-westerly winds

What are the most planted varieties in Canterbury?

Sauvignon Blanc and Pinot Noir High quality Riesling in Waipara

Where is Central Otago located?

Inland in foothills of the Southern New Zealand Alps

What is the vineyard area like in Central Otago?

Spread over wide area; incorporates number of different valleys; different aspects, soils and altitudes

What is the climate in Central Otago?

Continental contrasts the rest of NZ

What is the weather like in Central Otago?

``` Warm summers; spring and autumn frosts; diurnal range in growing season large; good for grapes quality; high sunlight intensity; accounts for high levels of alcohol that are often encountered in wines from here ```

What are the main plantings in Central Otago?

Pinot Noir: full-bodied, juicy, vibrant, concentrated ripe red fruit Also Pinot Gris, Riesling, Chardonnay

New Zealand Flashcards

(54 cards)