Nexus Flashcards

Question

Undermine /ˌʌndərˈmaɪn/ sth / sb

Answer 1

To make something, especially somebody’s **confidence** or **authority**, gradually **weaker** or less effective - Our confidence in the team has been seriously undermined by their recent defeats.

Answer 2

A small group of ppl who are involved in secret plans to get political power.

Answer 3

Using experiments or experience as the basis for ideas.

Answer 4

Catastrophic.

Answer 5

Tiểu đoàn

Answer 6

Pháo binh

Answer 7

○ The continuous firing of a large number of guns in a particular direction, especially to protect soldiers while they are attacking or moving towards the enemy. - An artillery barrage from at least 1000 guns - Troops unleashed a barrage of grenades. ○ [singular] barrage of sth: a large number of sth (e.g., questions, comments…) that are directed at someone very quickly, one after the other, often in an aggressive way - A barrage of questions/criticisms/complaints - The media's barrage of attacks on the government.

Answer 8

A wall or barrier built across the river to store water, prevent a flood …

Answer 9

○ Injured by a weapon - Wounded soldiers - There were 79 killed and 230 seriously wounded. ○ Feeling emotional pain because of sth unpleasant that sb has said or done - Wounded pride.

Answer 10

○ The state of being kept as a prisoner - **In captivity**: He was held in captivity for 3 years. - The bird has escaped from captivity.

Answer 11

Not aware of sth ○ Oblivious *to* sth - You eventually become oblivious to the noise. ○ Oblivious *of* sth - He drove off, oblivious of the damage he had caused.

Answer 12

To obtain information, knowledge … sometimes with difficulty and often from **various different places**. - These figures have been gleaned *from* a number of studies.

Answer 13

Done secretly or quickly, in the hope that other people will not notice - She sneaked a surreptitious glance at her watch.

Answer 14

○ Fortify sth *against* sb/sth: to make a place more able to resist attack, especially by building high walls - A fortified town. - They fortified the area against attack. ○ Fortify sb/yourself *against *sb/sth: to make sb/yourself feel stronger, braver … - He fortified himself against the cold with a hot drink. - Although fortified by its election success, the government remains cautious in its policies. ○ To make a feeling or an attitude stronger. - The news merely fortified their determination.

Answer 15

○ The fact of having a place to live or stay, considered as a basic human need. - Human beings need food, clothing and shelter. - **Without shelter**: Thousands of people are without shelter following the wildfires. ○ **Protection** from rain, danger, or attack. - Shelter *from* sth: People were desperately seeking shelter from the gunfire. - Shelter *of* sth: The fox was running for the shelter of the trees. ○ A structure built to give protection, especially from the weather or from attack. - They built a rough shelter from old pieces of wood.

Answer 16

○ **Made up of parts** or people that are very **different** from each other. - A disparate group of individuals. ○ So different from each other that they cannot be compared or cannot work together. - A critical study that aims to cover such disparate forms as Anglo-Saxon poetry and the modern novel.

Answer 17

Feelings of **respect** and **slight fear**; feelings of being very impressed by something/somebody. - awe and respect. - ‘It's magnificent,’ she whispered in awe.

Answer 18

Complicated series of connections between different things. - The nexus between industry and political power.

Answer 19

Old and torn, in bad condition. - Tattered clothes. - Tattered relationships. - The hotel's tattered reputation.

Answer 20

Likely to suffer from sth or to do sth bad. ○ Prone *to* sth - Prone to injury - Working without a break makes you more prone to error. ==> injury-prone, error-prone, accident-prone. ○ Prone *to* do sth - Tired drivers were found to be particularly prone to ignore warning signs. ○ Prone *to* doing sth - People who are genetically prone to putting on weight (người có cơ địa dễ tăng cân)

Answer 21

Precursor *of* / *to* something: a person/thing that comes before somebody/something similar and that leads to or influences its development. - A stringed instrument that was the precursor of the guitar. - Events that were precursors to revolution.

Answer 22

Người trần mắt thịt - Listening to the cries was more than flesh and blood could stand. ==> Your own flesh and blood: người thân ruột thịt

Answer 23

○ Enmesh somebody/something *in* / with something: to involve somebody/something in a bad situation that it is not easy to escape from.

Answer 24

○ A journey to a holy place for religious reasons: cuộc hành hương - To go on/make a pilgrimage. ○ A journey to a place that is connected with somebody/something that you admire or respect. - His grave has become a place of pilgrimage. - She made a pilgrimage to visit the place where her hero was born.

Answer 25

Believing strongly in a particular religion and obeying its laws and practices = sùng đạo - A devout Christian/Muslim.

Answer 26

Hành động báng bổ - He was accused of blasphemy.

Answer 27

○ Set out *on*: to leave a place and begin a journey - They set out on the last stage of their journey. ○ Set out *to*: to begin a job, task, etc. with a particular aim or goal - She set out to break the world record. - They succeeded in what they set out to do. ○ Set something out: to arrange or display things - Her work is always very well set out. ○ Set out something: to present ideas, facts, etc. in an organized way, in speech or writing - He set out his objections to the plan. - She set out the reasons for her resignation in a long letter.

Answer 28

○ Believing that people only do things to help themselves rather than for good or honest reasons = hoài nghi. - A cynical view/smile. ○ Cynical *about* something: not believing that something good will happen or that something is important. - I am a bit cynical about the benefits of the plan. - Her experiences with man have made her thoroughly cynical about love. - I am a little cynical about her motives. - Do you have to be so cynical about everything?

Answer 29

○ [uncountable] the ability to remember something; the act of remembering something = **memory** - Recollection *of* **doing** something: I have no recollection of meeting her before. - Recollection *of* something: My recollection of events differs from his. - **To the best of my recollection** (= if I remember correctly): I was not present at that meeting. ○ [countable] a thing that you remember from the past = memory - To have a clear/vivid/dim/vague recollection of something: His early recollections of his father.

Answer 30

The understanding that you have of a situation **only after it has happened** and that means you would have done things in a different way ○ *With* hindsight - With hindsight it is easy to say they should not have released him. ○ *In* hindsight - What looks obvious in hindsight was not at all obvious at the time. ○ It's easy to criticize with **the benefit of hindsight**.

Answer 31

Completely

Answer 32

Something that you say in order to hide what you are really doing or intending = **hỏa mù**.

Answer 33

○ A leaf of a fig tree, traditionally used for covering the sex organs of naked bodies in paintings and on statues. ○ A thing that is used to hide an embarrassing fact or situation.

Answer 34

To make a law, right, etc. respected or official, especially by stating it in an important written document. ○ Be enshrined in something - These rights are enshrined in the country's constitution. - The day is enshrined as a key date in American history.

Answer 35

Having such a strong effect on you that you cannot give your attention to anything else. - Her performance was mesmerizing.

Answer 36

Only, simply - It is not merely a job, but a way of life. - He said nothing, merely smiled and watched her. - They agreed to go merely because they were getting paid for it. - I'm merely stating what everybody knows anyway.

Answer 37

○ Making somebody look more attractive - A flattering dress. - The photo is not very flattering. - A computer will help you select the most flattering shade of make-up. ○ Saying nice things about somebody/something - He made several flattering remarks. ○ Making somebody feel pleased and special - I found it flattering that he still recognized me after all these years.

Answer 38

○ Easily influenced or changed. ○ (of metal, etc.) That can be hit or pressed into different shapes easily without breaking or cracking.

Answer 39

To make somebody/something **suffer something unpleasant** ○ Inflict something *on*/*upon* somebody/something - They inflicted a humiliating defeat on the home team. - Heavy casualties were inflicted on the enemy. - (humorous) Do you have to inflict that music on us? ○ Inflict something - They surveyed the damage inflicted by the storm. - The rodent’s sharp teeth can inflict a nasty bite. - When someone deliberately inflicts damage, it is a matter for the police.

Answer 40

Despite - Notwithstanding some major financial problems, the school has had a successful year. - The bad weather notwithstanding, the event was a great success.

Answer 41

To accept behavior that is morally wrong or to treat it as if it were not serious ○ Condone something - Terrorism can never be condoned. - The college does not condone such behavior. ○ Condone somebody **doing** something

Answer 42

○ Subordination *of* somebody/something to somebody/something: the act of **treating somebody/something as less important** than somebody/something else - The subordination of women. - They challenge the subordination of social needs to the profits of big business.

Answer 43

Very, in an unusual way. - Singularly beautiful. - He chose a singularly inappropriate moment to make his request.

Answer 44

Causing strong feelings; exciting - A stirring performance - Stirring memories - Listening to stirring accounts of their heroic history.

Answer 45

To commit a crime / do something wrong or evil ○ Perpetrate something - To perpetrate a crime/fraud/massacre. - Security breaches perpetrated by people working for the company. ○ Perpetrate something against/upon/on somebody - Violence perpetrated against women and children.

Answer 46

[countable, usually plural, uncountable]: a cruel and violent act, especially in a war. - In the war, both sides committed atrocities.

Answer 47

Nước thải - Sewage system.

Answer 48

Causing very sad feelings = heart-rending = heartbreaking. - Their stories are heart-wrenching. - A heart-wrenching decision/experience/image.

Answer 49

Very serious - Such action may have dire consequences. - We're in dire need of your help. - The firm is in dire straits (= in a very difficult situation) and may go bankrupt.

Answer 50

If people, things or situations are formidable, you feel **fear** and/or **respect** for them, because they are **impressive** or **powerful**, or because they seem very difficult. - In debate he was a formidable opponent. - Somehow the small but formidable woman fought her way through the crowd to reach her son. - She has a formidable list of qualifications. - The two players together make a formidable combination. - The task was a formidable one. - They had to overcome formidable obstacles /ˈɑːbstəkl/.

Answer 51

**Having** a lot of **different parts** and **small details** that fit together. - Intricate patterns. - An intricate network of loyalties and relationships.

Answer 52

To deliberately **avoid** or keep away from something - He had eschewed politics in favor of a life practicing law.

Answer 53

Not interesting or exciting = **dull**, **boring** - A mundane task/job - On a more mundane level, can we talk about the timetable for next week?

Answer 54

To be **familiar** with something

Answer 55

○ To make something that is wrong or unfair seem acceptable. - The movie has been criticized for apparently legitimizing violence. ○ To make something legal.

Answer 56

To **control** or limit something, especially something bad. - He needs to learn to curb his temper. - A new law designed to curb harmful emissions from factories.

Answer 57

Helping you to remember something - A mnemonic method.

Answer 58

Hậu thế - Their music has been preserved for posterity. - Posterity will remember him as a great man. - It remains to be seen how posterity will judge her actions.

Answer 59

○ Forge something: to put a lot of effort into **making something successful** or strong so that it will last. - A move to forge new links between management and workers. - Strategic alliances are being forged with major European companies. - She forged a new career in the music business. - They forged a lead in the first 30 minutes of the game. ○ Forge something: to make an illegal copy of something in order to cheat people. - To forge a passport/banknote/document. - He's getting good at forging his mother's signature. - New digital techniques can spot paintings that have been forged. ○ Forge something *from* something: rèn. - Swords forged from steel ○ [intransitive] + adv./prep. (formal): To move forward in a steady but powerful way - He forged through the crowds to the front of the stage. - She forged into the lead (= in a competition, race, etc.).

Answer 60

To be or go beyond the usual limits of something - His works by far transcend anything that has gone before. - What we felt for each other transcended all other emotions.

Answer 61

○ To have and use power, authority. - She wields enormous power within the party. ○ To hold something, ready to use it as a weapon or tool. - He was wielding a large knife.

Answer 62

A serious emotional request, especially for something needing action now. - He refused to listen to her tearful plea. ○ Plea *for* something - She made an impassioned plea for help. ○ Plea *to* somebody *to do* something - A plea to industries to stop pollution.

Answer 63

○ To give something a smooth, even shape so that it can move quickly and easily through air or water. - The cars all have a new streamlined design. ○ To make a system, an organization, etc. work better, especially in a way that saves money. - The production process is to be streamlined.

Answer 64

○ To search widely for food - The female only leaves the young when she forages *for* food. - The pigs are allowed to forage around in a large orchard. ○ To search for something, especially using the hands = lục lọi - Her assistant was foraging in a cupboard *for* some envelopes.

Answer 65

○ (of a law, rule, regulation, etc.) very strict and that must be obeyed. - Stringent air quality regulations. - Licenses are only granted under the most stringent conditions. ○ (of financial conditions) difficult and with very strict controls because there is not much money = tighten. - The government’s stringent economic policies.

Answer 66

To mix ○ Intermingle A *with* B. - The book intermingles fact with fiction. ○ Intermingle A *and* B. - The book intermingles fact and fiction. ○ Intermingle with something/somebody.

Answer 67

To watch somebody/something carefully in order to know what is happening so that you **can control a particular situation** - It's not always possible to keep tabs on everyone's movements.

Answer 68

○ (in ancient Greek stories) A creature with a lion's head, a goat's body and a snake’s tail that can breathe out fire. ○ An impossible idea or hope. ○ (biology) An organism (= a living thing) that contains a mixture of genetically different tissues.

Answer 69

○ To **use violence or threats to take control of a vehicle**, especially a plane, in order to force it to travel to a different place or to demand something from a government - The plane was hijacked by two armed men on a flight from London to Rome. ○ To use or take control of something, for example a meeting, in order to use it for your own aims and interests. - Demonstrators fear that the march could be hijacked by extremists.

Answer 70

Thorough /ˈθɜːrəʊ/= done with a lot of care, effort and attention to detail - Painstaking research - The event had been planned with painstaking attention to detail.

Answer 71

Involving a **lot of effort and energy**, especially over a period of time. - An arduous journey across the Andes. - The work was arduous.

Answer 72

Secret and mysterious and therefore difficult to understand. - The arcane rules of cricket.

Answer 73

(of people) **kind** and **gentle**; not hurting anybody. - You would never have guessed his intentions from the benign expression on his face.

Answer 74

○ Banish somebody *to* a place = **exile**: đi đày - He was banished to Australia, where he died five years later. - He pleaded with the Queen not to banish him. ○ Banish somebody *from* a place = trục xuất - The children were banished from the dining room. ○ Banish somebody/something *from* something: To make somebody/something go away; to get rid of somebody/something - The sight of food banished all other thoughts *from* my mind. - He was determined to banish all feelings of guilt. - She tried to banish these thoughts *from* her mind.

Answer 75

A large area of land that has never been developed or used for growing crops because it is difficult to live there. - The Antarctic is the world's last great wilderness. - (figurative) the barren /ˈbærən/ (khô cằn) wilderness of modern life.

Answer 76

Kẻ đột nhập

Answer 77

To do great damage or harm to somebody/something. - Their policies would wreak havoc *on* the economy. - He swore to wreak vengeance *on* those who had betrayed him.

Answer 78

A situation in which things are seriously damaged, destroyed or very confused - The floods caused havoc throughout the area. - Continuing strikes are beginning to **play havoc with** the national economy. - These insects can **wreak havoc on** crops.

Answer 79

* Verb ○ Intrigue somebody: to make somebody very interested and want to know more about something - There was something about him that intrigued her. - It intrigues me that no one appears to have thought of this before. ○ Intrigue with somebody against somebody: to secretly plan with other people to harm somebody * Noun ○ The activity of making secret plans in order to achieve an aim, often by tricking people - Political intrigue = âm mưu - The young heroine steps into a web of intrigue in the academic world. - A tale of treachery (sự phản bội) and court intrigue

Answer 80

Very disappointing - She shows a lamentable lack of understanding.

Answer 81

Anger - Arouse/raise/provoke the ire of local residents. - To draw the ire of local residents. - The plans provoked the ire of the conservationists.

Answer 82

The quality of being kind, helpful and generous. - An act of benevolence.

Answer 83

Niềm an ủi

Answer 84

○ Convey something *to* somebody: To make ideas, feeling … known to somebody = truyền đạt - Colors like red convey a sense of energy and strength. - (*formal*) Please convey my apologies to your wife. - He tried desperately to convey how urgent the situation was. - She did not wish to convey that they were all at fault. ○ Convey somebody/something *from* … *to* …: to take, carry or transport somebody/something from one place to another - Pipes convey hot water from the boiler to the radiators. - A carriage was waiting to convey her home.

Answer 85

Mê sảng - He mumbled **in delirium** all night.

Answer 86

With a meaning that is hidden or not easily understood = khó hiểu - A cryptic message/remark/smile.

Answer 87

Expressed as though something is a fact but without giving any proof - Crimes allegedly committed during the war.

Answer 88

[only before noun] That has been stated to have happened or to be true, when this might not be the case. - The scene of the purported crime.

Answer 89

A person who doesn’t have expert knowledge of a particular subject. - We want to make statistics easer for the layperson to grasp.

Answer 90

○ (*used to emphasize something*) Completely; in every way - The train went slower and slower until it stopped altogether. - It was an altogether different situation. - I’m not altogether convinced, I’m afraid. ○ Used to give a total number or amount - You owe me £68 altogether. ○ Used to introduce a summary when you have mentioned a number of different things - The food was good and we loved the music. Altogether it was a great evening.

Answer 91

To begin to happen or affect something - As she became more tired, errors began to creep *into* her work. - Suspicion crept *into* his voice.

Answer 92

An object that is made by a person, especially something of historical or cultural interest - The museum has a superb collection of ancient artefacts from Nubia. - All students will benefit from the study of primary sources and genuine artefacts from the past.

Answer 93

Kẻ chuyên quyền ○ A leader who has complete power = despot /ˈdespɑːt/ - He governed as an autocrat. ○ A person who expects to be obeyed by other people and does not care about their opinions or feelings - The article painted her as an autocrat, angry with her husband and out of touch with her family.

Answer 94

Open and without shame, usually about something that shocks people = **trơ trẽn** - She had become brazen about the whole affair. - His brazen admission that he had lied. - They showed a brazen disregard for the law. - There were several instances of brazen cheating.

Answer 95

The activity of involving yourself in something that should not really involve you - The government is completely opposed to outside meddling *in* domestic affairs. - Bureaucratic meddling.

Answer 96

○ A long distance away - Expeditions to the far-flung corners of the world. ○ Spread over a wide area - A newsletter that helps to keep all our far-flung graduates in touch.

Answer 97

○ The state of being very important and worth protecting - The sanctity of marriage. - I believe in the sanctity of human life. ○ The state of being holy - The sanctity of the Church.

Answer 98

Similar to something - What he felt was more akin to pity than love. - This game is closely akin to hockey.

Answer 99

A very large quantity of something - A profusion of colors. - Roses grew **in profusion** against the old wall.

Answer 100

A small amount of something; less than enough of something - A paucity of information.

Answer 101

Representing the perfect example of something = đặc trưng, tinh túy - He was the quintessential tough guy.

Answer 102

A person who doesn’t agree with opinions that are officially or generally accepted - The dissenters at the meeting were shouted down.

Answer 103

Strong disagreement within an organization, especially a religious one, that makes its members divide into separate groups ○ Schism *within* something - The disagreement eventually led to a schism within the Church. ○ Schism *between* A *and* B - The growing schism between the leadership and the ordinary party members.

Answer 104

The coming of an important event, person, invention, etc. - The advent of new technology.

Answer 105

○ (*of a price or a cost*) So high that it prevents people from buying something or doing something - Prohibitive costs. - A prohibitive tax on imported cars. - The price of property in the city is prohibitive. ○ Preventing people from doing something by law - Prohibitive legislation.

Answer 106

○ A strong hold around somebody’s neck that makes it difficult for them to breathe - Both arms were around his neck in a stranglehold. ○ Stranglehold *on*/*over* something: **complete control** over something that makes it impossible for it to grow or develop well - The company now had a stranglehold *on* the market. - Attempts to break the US stranglehold *on* the industry.

Answer 107

○ To **surround** or to cover somebody/something **completely** - He was engulfed by a crowd of reporters. - The vehicle was engulfed in flames. ○ To **affect** somebody/something very **strongly** - Fear engulfed her.

Answer 108

An **enthusiastic interest** in something that is **shared by many people** but that usually does not last very long - The latest fitness craze to sweep the country.

Answer 109

Nhiệt thành - A fervent admirer/believer/supporter. - A fervent belief/hope/desire.

Answer 110

○ For a long time and in detail - He quoted at length from the report. - We have already discussed this matter at great length. - She told me at length about her new job. ○ (literary) After a long time - ‘I'm still not sure,’ he said at length.

Answer 111

To affect somebody/something in an unpleasant or harmful way ○ Afflict somebody/something - Severe drought has afflicted the region. - The many problems that afflict our society. - Aid will be sent to the afflicted areas. ○ Be afflicted *with* something - About 40% of the country's population is afflicted *with* the disease. - Our city has been afflicted *with* a high crime rate for decades.

Answer 112

To **provide** the things that a particular type of **person wants**, especially **things that you do not approve of** - They only publish novels which cater *to* the mass market.

Answer 113

○ Too bright in colour, in a way that is not attractive - She was wearing a lurid orange and green blouse. ○ (especially of a story or piece of writing) Presented in a way that is intended to **shock** - Lurid headlines. - The podcast gave all the lurid details of the murder.

Answer 114

○ Badly made and not strong enough for the purpose for which it is used - A flimsy table ○ (of material) Thin and easily torn - A flimsy piece of paper/fabric/plastic ○ Difficult to believe - A flimsy excuse/explanation. - The evidence against him is pretty flimsy. - He keeps calling on the flimsiest of pretexts.

Answer 115

Stubbornness /ˈstʌbərnnəs/

Answer 116

A formal agreement between two or more people, groups or countries, especially one in which they agree to help each other = Giao ước - The two parties agreed an electoral pact. ○ Pact *between* A *and* B - He helped to negotiate a non-aggression pact between the 2 countries. ○ Pact *with* somebody *to* do something - They have made a pact with each other not to speak about their differences in public.

Answer 117

Khoan dung - A lenient sentence/fine. - The judge was far too lenient *with* him.

Answer 118

To shake because you are cold or frightened, or because of a strong feeling - Just thinking about the accident makes me shudder. ○ Shudder *with* something - Alone in the car, she shuddered *with* fear. ○ Shudder *at* something - I shuddered *at* the thought of all the trouble I'd caused. ○ Shudder *to* do something - I shudder *to* think how much this is all going to cost (= I don't want to think about it because it is too unpleasant).

Answer 119

Having a very great effect and of great importance - An earth-shattering discovery.

Answer 120

The amount of freedom that you have to change something or to do something in the way you want to - How much leeway should parents give their children?

Answer 121

Difficult to control = headstrong - A wayward child. - Wayward emotions.

Answer 122

Starting from a particular time and at all times in the future - Friday 31 July 1925 henceforth became known as ‘Red Friday’. - Henceforth, all staff will need to provide proof of identity before entering the building.

Answer 123

Sự áp bức ==> Oppressive - Victims of oppression. - The struggle against racial oppression. - They have freed themselves from oppression.

Answer 124

A thing that happens, often unexpectedly, as the result of something else - One of the by-products of unemployment is an increase in crime.

Answer 125

To arrange or **influence something in a dishonest way** in order to get the result that you want - He said the election had been rigged. - To rig a vote. - A commission was appointed to ensure the lottery was not rigged. - To rig the market (= to cause an artificial rise or fall in prices, in order to make a profit). - A rigged match.

Answer 126

To **kill all the members** of a group of people or animals - Fur seals were nearly exterminated a few years ago.

Answer 127

To **take away somebody’s rights**, especially their right to vote - be disenfranchised: Many disabled people were effectively disenfranchised because of lack of access. - Mr. Mandela was the symbolic leader of the disenfranchised black majority. ○ Opposite: **Enfranchise** /ɪnˈfræntʃaɪz/: to give somebody the right to vote in an election.

Answer 128

○ To take apart a machine or structure so that it is in separate pieces - I had to dismantle the engine in order to repair it. - The steel mill was dismantled piece by piece. ○ To end an organization or a system gradually in an organized way - The government was in the process of dismantling the state-owned industries.

Answer 129

○ To remove part of the sex organs of an animal so that it cannot produce young - Has your cat been neutered? ○ To prevent something from having the effect that it ought to have

Answer 130

To **prevent somebody from having or doing something**, especially something important - They were imprisoned and deprived of their basic rights. - Why should you deprive yourself of such simple pleasures?

Answer 131

○ Bôi nhọ - The story was an attempt to smear the party leader. ○ To rub writing, a drawing, etc. so that it is no longer clear; to become not clear in this way: bôi xóa - Be smeared: The last few words of the letter were smeared. - Be smeared + adv./prep. : Jam was smeared all over his face.

Answer 132

To confuse somebody completely; to be too difficult or strange for somebody to understand or explain ○ Baffle somebody: His behavior baffles me. ○ Be baffled (as to) why, how, where, etc.… - I'm baffled as to why she hasn't called. - I'm baffled why she hasn't called.

Answer 133

Extremely large in number - The myriad problems of modern life.

Answer 134

A situation in a country, an organization, etc. in which there is **no government**, order or control - The overthrow of the military regime was followed by a period of anarchy. - There was complete anarchy in the classroom when their usual teacher was away.

Answer 135

○ To break a law or rule - The material can be copied without infringing copyright. - Two of the projects are deemed to infringe EU legislation. ○ To limit somebody’s legal rights or personal freedom - Infringe something: They said that compulsory identity cards would infringe civil liberties. - Infringe *on*/*upon* something: She refused to answer questions that infringed on her private affairs.

Answer 136

○ To choose not to use a vote, either in favor of or against something - Ten people voted in favor, five against and two abstained. ○ To decide not to do or have something, especially something you like or enjoy, because it is bad for your health or considered morally wrong - To abstain from alcohol/sex/drugs.

Answer 137

A right or **advantage belonging to a particular person** or group because of their importance or **social position** - In many countries education is still the prerogative of the rich. - The royal prerogative (= the special rights of a king or queen). - The president exercised his prerogative to veto the bill.

Answer 138

Sự ngẫu nhiên - We must consider all possible contingencies. - To make contingency plans (= plans for what to do if a particular event happens or does not happen) - A contingency fund (= to pay for something that might happen in the future) - The contingency of life is part of the human condition.

Answer 139

To be successful against somebody/something - Despite strong opposition, the ruling party carried the day. - Teamwork and persistence can still win the day.

Answer 140

To be **in love with** somebody, especially **somebody who does not love you in return**.

Answer 141

Something that is very big and powerful, especially a company or organization - A multinational corporate behemoth. - She works in a seventy-story behemoth in Manhattan.

Answer 142

With a lot of enthusiasm - She reads avidly.

Answer 143

○ To organize and begin something - Residents mounted a campaign to fight the plans. - MPs will mount a fresh challenge to this new policy. - An attack mounted by terrorists. - The report mounts a withering attack on the food industry. - An attack mounted by the terrorists killed 6 civilians. - The National Gallery mounted a major exhibition of her work. - To mount a defense/an operation/an assault/an offensive. ○ To increase gradually - Pressure is mounting on the government to change the law. -The death toll continues to mount. - Speculation is mounting about a second economic crisis.

Answer 144

Quả quyết - Eva was adamant that she would not come. - The government remained adamant that there was no more money available.

Answer 145

A set of belief.

Answer 146

A **small group of people** who spend their time together and **do not allow others to join them** - The club is dominated by a small clique of intellectuals. - The ruling clique is/are out of touch with ordinary citizens.

Answer 147

A series of similar items in which each is almost the same as the ones next to it but the last is very different from the first - It is impossible to say at what point along the continuum a dialect becomes a separate language.

Answer 148

Unlikely to offend anyone or cause them to disagree; not expressing strong opinions.

Answer 149

Hùng hồn - An eloquent speech/speaker.

Answer 150

A person who is always encouraging other people to take strong political action, often causing trouble = người gây bất hòa

Answer 151

A mixture or combination of things - The film script is an amalgam of all three books. - An amalgam of several companies and organizations.

Answer 152

Sự uyên bác

Answer 153

(*especially of people or animals*) angry and aggressive in a way that is frightening - A fierce dog. - Two fierce eyes glared at them. - He suddenly looked fierce. - She spoke in a fierce whisper.

Answer 154

The act of slowly affecting or using up too much of somebody's time, rights, personal life, etc. - The encroachment of partisan ideology. - Encroachment *on*/*upon* something: The regime’s many encroachments *on* human rights.

Answer 155

Verb: ○ Harbor somebody: to hide and protect somebody who is hiding from the police - Police believe someone must be harboring the killer. ○ Harbor something: to keep feelings or thoughts, especially negative ones, in your mind for a long time - The arsonist may harbor a grudge against the company. - She began to harbor doubts about the decision. - To harbor thoughts of revenge. - He still harbors ambitions of playing professional soccer. - He still harbored doubts about her honesty.

Answer 156

Điềm báo

Answer 157

○ To become unsteady and fall down; to make something do this - + adv./prep.: The pile of books toppled over. - He toppled backwards into the river. - Topple somebody/something + adv./prep.: He brushed past, toppling her from her stool. ○ Topple somebody/something: to make somebody lose their position of power or authority = **overthrow** - A plot to topple the President.

Answer 158

A feeling of anger or unhappiness about something that you think is unfair - She could not conceal the deep resentment she felt at the way she had been treated.

Answer 159

(*of a law, punishment, etc.*) extremely **cruel** and **severe** - There have been calls for draconian measures against drug-related crime.

Answer 160

Attempting to make big changes in society or to a political system in an extremely determined and enthusiastic way - The reforms were carried out with an almost messianic zeal.

Answer 161

Beginning to exist; not yet fully developed = non trẻ - A nascent industry. - A nascent democracy.

Answer 162

○ (*especially of an unpleasant situation*) **Seeming to continue** or **become worse** in a way that cannot be stopped - The remorseless increase in crime. ○ **Cruel** and **having or showing no regret** for something wrong or bad you have done - A remorseless killer. - The sea was dark and remorseless.

Answer 163

Wrong; not as it should be - She sensed something was amiss and called the police. - He shone a light inside and saw nothing amiss. - They had noticed something amiss with the engines.

Answer 164

Tham ô - He was found guilty of embezzling $150 000 of public funds.

Answer 165

Sự phá hoại - An **act** of economic/military/industrial sabotage: The fire may have been an act of sabotage. - Police investigating the train derailment have not ruled out sabotage. - They conducted a campaign of economic sabotage.

Answer 166

Cẩu thả ○ Very quickly, because you are in a hurry, especially when this has bad results ○ Too quickly, without giving enough thought - Perhaps I spoke too hastily.

Answer 167

Kìm hãm - Be hamstrung (by something): The mayor is currently hamstrung by a budget crisis.

Answer 168

Phủ đầu - A pre-emptive attack/strike on the military base.

Answer 169

A strong or violent attack - His approach was met with a vicious onslaught. ○ Onslaught *against*/*on* somebody/something - The enemy onslaught on our military forces. ○ Onslaught *of* something/somebody: 1 loạt, rất nhiều - An onslaught of abuse. - (*figurative*) The town survives the onslaught of tourists every summer.

Answer 170

○ That makes you pay attention to it because it is so interesting and exciting - Her latest book makes compelling reading. - His eyes were strangely compelling. ○ So strong that you cannot resist it - A compelling need/desire. - He was a sad man with a compelling need to talk about his unhappiness.

Answer 171

○ [transitive] Convene something: to arrange for people to come together for a formal meeting - To convene a meeting. - A Board of Inquiry was convened immediately after the accident. - They decided to convene an extraordinary general meeting. ○ [intransitive] To come together for a formal meeting - The committee will convene at 11.30 next Thursday.

Answer 172

To end with a particular result, or at a particular point - Months of hard work culminated *in* success. - Their summer tour will culminate *at* a spectacular concert in London.

Answer 173

[*often passive*] To give or send somebody so many things that they cannot deal with them all ○ Inundated something *with* something - Fans inundated the radio station *with* calls. ○ Inundated *with* something - We have been inundated *with* offers of help. - She's inundated *with* work at the moment.

Answer 174

To suggest or accept that something is true so that it can be used as the basis for a theory = định đề - They postulated a 500-year lifespan for a plastic container.

Answer 175

(*specialist or formal*) That is a typical example or pattern of something - Silicon Valley is the paradigmatic example of the new US economy, which relies on high-tech industries for growth.

Answer 176

Connected with the **differences that exist between groups of people who have different religious views** - Sectarian **attacks**/**violence**. - Attempts to break down the sectarian divide in Northern Ireland.

Answer 177

Cuộc diệt chủng - The film shows interviews with survivors of the pogrom.

Answer 178

To create trouble or violence or make it worse - They accused him of fomenting political unrest.

Answer 179

To compete strongly with somebody in order to obtain or achieve something ○ Vie *with* somebody *for* something - She was surrounded by men all vying for her attention. - The boys would vie with each other to impress her. - They are all vying for a place in the team. - A row of restaurants vying with each other for business. ○ Vie *to* do something - Screaming fans vied *to* get closer to their idol.

Answer 180

A small yellow bird with a beautiful song, often kept in a cage as a pet. ==> **A canary in a/the coal mine**: something that gives you an early warning of danger

Answer 181

Very near - Her house is just around the corner. - (*figurative*) There were good times around the corner (= they would soon come).

Answer 182

A trick or plan that you use to gain an advantage or to trick an opponent - To adopt a clever stratagem. - He deployed various cunning stratagems.

Answer 183

Used for saying what is **the best opinion you can have** of somebody/something, or the best thing that can happen, **when the situation is bad** = cùng lắm - Their response to the proposal was, at best, cool. - We can't arrive before Friday at best.

Answer 184

Completely developed; with all the qualifications necessary for something - The emergence of a fully-fledged market economy. - She was now a fully-fledged member of the teaching profession.

Answer 185

○ [not before noun] In a position that is completely still but is ready to move at any moment - Poised (on, above, over, etc. something): Tina was tense, her hand poised over the telephone. - He stopped writing and looked at me, pen poised. - Poised *to* do something: The cat crouched in the grass, poised *to* jump. ○ [not before noun] Poised (in, on, above, etc. something): in a position that is balanced but likely to change in one direction or another - The cup was poised on the edge of the chair. - (figurative) The world stood poised *between* peace and war. - The two countries were poised on the brink of war. ○ [not before noun] Completely ready for something or to do something = set - Poised *for* something: The economy is poised *for* recovery. - Poised *to* do something: □ The British team is poised to win the title. □ She is poised to take over as CEO. ○ Having a calm and confident manner and in control of your feelings and behavior = assured - He is a remarkably poised young man.

Answer 186

To collect something, especially in large quantities over a period of time = accumulate - He amassed a fortune from silver mining. - They amassed enough evidence to convict her.

Answer 187

○ [plural] The **intricacies** *of* something: the complicated parts or details of something - The intricacies of economic policy. - I’ve never mastered the intricacies of ballroom dancing. - We can guide investors through the intricacies of the cable industry. ○ [uncountable] The fact of having complicated parts, details or patterns - The intricacy of the design. - A filigree bracelet of wonderful intricacy.

Answer 188

○ To develop and improve something, especially a skill, over a period of time = mài giũa - Hone something: She honed her debating skills at college. - It was a finely honed piece of writing. - Hone something *to* something: His body was honed *to* perfection. ○ Hone something *to* something: to make a knife or other tool sharp or sharper = to sharpen - The knife had been honed *to* razor sharpness. - The hook should be honed *to* a needle-sharp point.

Answer 189

A **sudden wish** to do or have something, especially it is something **unusual** or **unnecessary**. - He was forced to pander to her every whim. - The whims of fashion. ○ *On* a whim - We bought the house *on* a whim. ○ At the whim of somebody - My duties seem to change daily at the whim of the boss. ○ At whim - She hires and fires people at whim.

Answer 190

Trying or likely to destroy or damage a government or political system by attacking it secretly or indirectly = seditious = phản động - Subversive activities.

Answer 191

To make somebody more extreme or radical in their opinions on political, social or religious issues - The war has angered and radicalized a new generation of fighters. - People are asking how the attacker became radicalized. - Recent events have radicalized opinion on educational matters.

Answer 192

○ (*of a system of government*) controlling people by force and limiting their freedom = dictatorial, tyrannical - A repressive regime/measure/law. ○ Controlling emotions and desires and not allowing them to be expressed.

Answer 193

A person who strongly disagrees with and criticizes their government, especially in a country where this kind of action is dangerous. - Political dissidents - Regimes that murder political opponents and imprison dissidents - Dissidents were often imprisoned by the security police.

Answer 194

[not used in the progressive tenses] ○ To know, recognize or understand something, especially something that is not obvious = detect - It is possible to discern a number of different techniques in her work. - He discerned a certain coldness in their welcome. - Discern how, whether, etc… □ It is often difficult to discern how widespread public support. - Discern that… □ I quickly discerned that something was wrong.

Answer 195

Beginning to grow or develop rapidly - A burgeoning population. - Burgeoning demand.

Answer 196

To **control** and **use the force** or strength of something **to produce power** or to achieve something - Attempts to harness the sun’s rays as a source of energy. - We must harness the skill and creativity of our workforce. - How can this energy be harnessed effectively for the good of humankind? - They are attempting to harness the power of the sun.

Answer 197

Seeming evil or dangerous; making you think something bad will happen - There was something cold and sinister about him. - There is another, more sinister, possibility. - We needn’t assume that there was a sinister motive for what she did.

Answer 198

In a way that has no particular order or plan; in a way that is **not organized well** - Vehicles are parked haphazardly on the narrow streets.

Answer 199

A person who is new and has little experience in a skill, job or situation - I'm a complete novice at skiing. - Computer software for novices/the novice user.

Answer 200

Too direct, easy to notice, etc. in a way that is annoying or upsetting - Intrusive questions. - The constant presence of the media was very intrusive.

Answer 201

To make something less severe - To alleviate suffering. - A number of measures were taken to alleviate the problem.

Answer 202

To begin to have complete control over somebody/something; to become very strong - Panic took hold of him and he couldn't move. - They got out of the house just before the flames took hold. - It is best to treat the disease early before it takes a hold.

Answer 203

○ To consider that something is caused by a particular thing or person - He ascribed his failure *to* bad luck. ○ To consider that somebody/something has or should have a particular quality = attribute - We ascribe great importance to these policies.

Answer 204

Until now; until the particular time you are talking about - A hitherto unknown species of moth. - Her life hitherto had been devoid of adventure.

Answer 205

○ Careful about paying attention to every detail - You must be scrupulous about hygiene when you're preparing a baby's feed. - Scrupulous attention to detail. ○ Scrupulous *in* something/ *in* doing something: careful to be honest and do what is right - He was scrupulous in all his business dealings. - She has a reputation for scrupulous honesty. - You are expected to be scrupulous in not favoring any individual candidate over another.

Answer 206

○ [countable] A movement performed with care and skill - A complicated/skilful manoeuvre. - You will be asked to perform some standard manoeuvres during your driving test. ○ [countable, uncountable] A clever plan, action or movement that is used to give somebody an advantage = move - Diplomatic manoeuvres. - A complex manoeuvre in a game of chess. - The amendment was somehow introduced by political manoeuvre. ○ **Freedom of/room for manoeuvre**: the chance to change the way that something happens and influence decisions that are made - Small farmers have limited room for manoeuvre.

Answer 207

○ Respite *from* something: a short break or escape from something difficult or unpleasant - The drug brought a brief respite *from* the pain. - There was no respite *from* the suffocating heat. - She continued to work without respite. ○ A short delay allowed before something difficult or unpleasant must be done = reprieve - His creditors agreed to give him a temporary respite.

Answer 208

Something that is very helpful and makes life easier for you - The device will prove a boon to home cooks.

Answer 209

To correct - To rectify a fault - We must take steps to rectify the situation.

Answer 210

To begin a friendship, a relationship, a conversation, etc. - He would often strike up conversations *with* complete strangers.

Answer 211

○ [intransitive] Languish in something: to be forced to stay somewhere or suffer something unpleasant for a long time - She continues to languish in a foreign prison. ○ [intransitive] To become weaker or fail to make progress - The share price languished at 102p.

Answer 212

To have the opportunity to show how good or useful you are or something is - When the traffic's this bad, a bicycle really comes into its own.

Answer 213

Deserving to be praised or admired, even if not really successful - A laudable aim/attempt. - It was a laudable attempt to end the stalemate in the talks. - Laudable though these aims are, they are not likely to succeed.

Answer 214

○ [uncountable] The letters, emails, etc. a person sends and receives - Personal/private correspondence. - The editor welcomes correspondence from readers on any subject. - The correspondence column/page (= in a newspaper) ○ Correspondence *with* somebody - Jane Austen's correspondence with her sister.

Answer 215

To be helpful or useful to somebody ○ Of little/no avail = vô dụng, vô nghĩa - Your ability to argue is of little avail if the facts are wrong. ○ To little/no avail = vô dụng, vô nghĩa - The doctors tried everything to keep him alive but to no avail. - They worked hard to win the project but all to no avail.

Answer 216

That you only get after fighting or working hard for it = khó khăn lắm mới có được - She was not going to give up her hard-won freedom so easily.

Answer 217

To tell somebody about something, especially something that you have experienced = thuật lại ○ Recount something *to* somebody - She was asked to recount the details of the conversation *to* the court. ○ Recount what, how, etc… - They recounted what had happened during those years. ○ + speech - ‘It was before the war,’ he recounted.

Answer 218

○ The time when a situation or event is strongest - At the height of the crisis we were left without any help. - She wrote the book at the height of the women's liberation movement. - We arrived in the United States at the height of baseball season. - He was in Tunisia at the height of the Second World War. ○ The time when you are most successful in what you do: - She was at the height of her career when he first met her. - At that time, Bush was at the height of his political power. - The poems were written at the height of her narrative powers. - The movie chronicles his poor childhood through to the height of his musical career. - It was an exhilarating time for us and we were at the height of our success.

Answer 219

If a part of your body is sore, it is painful, and often red, especially because of infection or because a muscle has been used too much - To have a sore throat - His feet were sore after the walk. - My stomach is still sore (= painful) after the operation. - When I woke up my head was sore and throbbing.

Answer 220

To breathe quickly with short breaths, usually with your mouth open, because you have been doing some physical exercise, or because it is very hot = thở dốc - She finished the race panting heavily. - She could hear him panting up the stairs (= running up and breathing quickly). - He found her panting for breath at the top of the hill. ○ + speech - ‘Wait for me!’ he panted.

Answer 221

○ Imagining or pretending things to be different or more exciting than they really are - They live in a world of make-believe. ○ Imagining that something is real, or that you are somebody else - ‘Let's play make-believe,’ said Sam.

Answer 222

○ That cannot be clearly seen, heard or smelt - A faint glow/glimmer/light. - A faint smell of perfume. - We saw the faint outline of the mountain through the mist. - We could hear their voices growing fainter as they walked down the road. - His breathing became faint. ○ Very small; possible but unlikely = slight - There is still a faint hope that she may be cured. - They don't have the faintest chance of winning.

Answer 223

Sự phục tùng

Answer 224

Phục tùng

Answer 225

An imaginary place or state in which everything is extremely bad or unpleasant.

Answer 226

○ To reduce the noise, heat, etc. produced by a piece of equipment by moving its controls - The event organizers took the hint and dialed down the background music. ○ (informal) To reduce the amount, degree or power of a quality - He called on both sides to dial down the anger and start talking to each other.

Answer 227

A big change that causes a lot of worry and problems = disruption - Teachers are still getting used to the latest upheavals in the education system. - I can't face the upheaval of moving house again. - A period of emotional upheaval.

Answer 228

○ Intended to cause very strong feelings of anger - Inflammatory remarks. ○ (*medical*) Causing or involving inflammation.

Answer 229

Allowing or showing a freedom of behavior that many people do not approve of, - Permissive attitudes. - Permissive parents (= who allow their children a lot of freedom).

Answer 230

Showing a lack of care about danger and the possible results of your actions - He showed a reckless disregard for his own safety. - She was a good rider, but reckless. - To cause death by reckless driving. - She threw herself into the game with reckless abandon. ○ Reckless *with* something - He had always been reckless *with* money.

Answer 231

Causing people to be split into groups that disagree with or oppose each other - He believes that unemployment is socially divisive.

Answer 232

Showing a deliberate and determined desire to behave in a way that most people think is wrong, unacceptable or unreasonable - A perverse decision (= one that most people do not expect and think is wrong). - She finds a perverse pleasure in upsetting her parents. - Do you really mean that or are you just being **deliberately perverse**? - For some perverse reason he is refusing to see a doctor. - It would be perverse to quit now that we’re almost finished. - This kind of reasoning is deeply perverse.

Answer 233

To limit something or make it last for a shorter time - Spending on books has been severely curtailed. - The lecture was curtailed by the fire alarm going off.

Answer 234

○ [uncountable] the state of not being true; the act of telling a lie - To test the truth or falsehood of her claims ○ [countable] a statement that is not true = **lie** - It is an offence to deliberately publish a serious falsehood.

Answer 235

To appear or happen, especially when it is not expected - His name just cropped up in conversation. - I'll be late - something's cropped up at home.

Answer 236

A person who spends a lot of time sitting and watching television - He's turned into a real couch potato since he subscribed to the sports channel.

Answer 237

Not at all; not of any kind - They received no help whatsoever. - ‘Is there any doubt about it?’ ‘None whatsoever.’

Answer 238

Making you think of or remember a strong image or feeling, in a pleasant way - Evocative smells/sounds/music. ○ Evocative *of* something - Her new book is wonderfully evocative *of* village life.

Answer 239

To criticize somebody/something unfairly; to say somebody/something does not have any value or is not important = xài xể - I didn't intend to denigrate her achievements.

Answer 240

An event or a situation that is a complete failure and causes people to feel ashamed or embarrassed - He should take responsibility for the debacle and resign. - Let’s hope this is the end of the debacle *over* player transfer fees.

Answer 241

To cause a lot of problems for somebody/something over a long period of time - The expedition was bedeviled by bad weather. - This injury bedeviled him throughout his career.

Answer 242

Very important, because it includes or influences many things - An overarching aim/concept/issue. - The overarching themes of violence and disorder.

Answer 243

In a way that shows very strong and sincere feelings about something - She prayed fervently for his complete recovery. - We fervently hope they will succeed.

Answer 244

A number of things mixed together without any particular order or reason.

Answer 245

An enemy - She was unsure as yet whether he was friend or foe.

Answer 246

A country that depends on and is controlled by another country = nước chư hầu - A vassal state

Answer 247

A leader, country, or group that is very strong and powerful and therefore able to control others - Could the United States lose out to another global hegemon, China?

Answer 248

To not have an advantage that other people have - The new tax means that the vast majority of working people will lose out.

Answer 249

To make somebody take action by shocking them or by making them excited - The win galvanized the whole team. ○ Galvanize somebody *into* something/doing something - The urgency of his voice galvanized them *into* action. ○ Galvanize somebody *to* do something - We need new approaches that will galvanize the industry *to* deal with its problems.

Answer 250

○ [intransitive] to move away from a place or an enemy because you are in danger or because you have been defeated - The army was forced to retreat after suffering heavy losses. - We retreated back down the mountain. - They retreated to a safe distance from the fighting. ○ [intransitive] to move away or back - He watched her retreating figure. - The flood waters slowly retreated.

Answer 251

Reminding you *of* somebody/something - The way he laughed was strongly reminiscent *of* his father. - She writes in a style reminiscent of both Proust and Faulkner. ○ [only before noun] (formal) showing that you are thinking about the past, especially in a way that causes you pleasure - A reminiscent smile.

Answer 252

Not important or serious; not worth considering - A trivial detail. - I know it sounds trivial, but I'm worried about it. - I'll try to fix it - but it's not trivial (= it may be difficult to fix).

Answer 253

Bizarre - Outlandish costumes/ideas. - As the show progressed, it got ever more outlandish.

Answer 254

To prevent something from happening or somebody from doing something by doing something first = ngăn chặn phủ đầu - Try to anticipate what your child will do and forestall problems. - Any plans for a peaceful settlement were forestalled by the intervention of the army.

Answer 255

[intransitive] (*of something bad*) To appear serious and likely to happen soon - There was a crisis looming.

Answer 256

○ To become loose and drop - His hair is falling out. - My tooth fell out. - If soldiers fall out, they leave their lines and move away ○ Fall out *with* somebody: to have an argument with somebody so that you are no longer friendly with them.

Answer 257

A practical method of doing or measuring something, usually based on past experience rather than on exact measurement - As a rule of thumb, you should cook a chicken for 20 minutes for each pound of weight.

Answer 258

Extremely light and beautiful; seeming to belong to another, more spiritual, world - Ethereal music. - Her ethereal beauty - In a translucent sky, the domes and spires of the city looked almost ethereal.

Answer 259

Giảng kinh về điều gì đó

Answer 260

A feeling of doubt or worry about whether what you are doing is right = **misgiving** - He had been working very hard so he had no qualms *about* taking a few days off. - They broke the law without a qualm.

Answer 261

[usually passive] To prevent somebody from making progress in an activity - We mustn't get bogged down in details.

Answer 262

By accident; without intending to = **unintentionally** - We had inadvertently left without paying the bill.

Answer 263

Able to see or feel things through the senses - Man is a sentient being. - There was no sign of any sentient life or activity.

Answer 264

To fight for or speak in support of a group of people or a belief - He has always championed the cause of gay rights. - A local trust has been set up to champion the restoration of the landscape.

Answer 265

Lòng vị tha - Politicians are not necessarily motivated by pure altruism.

Answer 266

To criticize somebody/something angrily - He was always fulminating *against* interference from the government.

Answer 267

An action or event that happens before another more important one and forms an introduction to it - This is just a prelude *to* a larger attack.

Answer 268

○ To **become weaker** or less effective - The economy shows no signs of faltering. - Her courage never faltered. - The economy is beginning to falter. - The team’s performance faltered badly after the break. ○ (+ speech) To speak in a way that **shows that you are not confident** - His voice faltered as he began his speech. ○ To walk or behave in a way that shows that you are not confident - She walked up to the platform without faltering. - He never faltered in his commitment to the party.

Answer 269

○ + Somebody: to reach an agreement with somebody; to find a way of living or working together - The peoples of these areas also quickly came to terms with Alexander the Great. - Since neither side could win an outright victory, each began to see virtue in coming to terms. ○ + Something: to accept something unpleasant by learning to deal with it - The bereaved person gradually comes to terms *with* the loss.

Answer 270

[often passive] To keep somebody/something inside the limits of a particular activity, subject, area, etc. = **restrict** ○ Be confined *to* something/doing something - The work will not be confined *to* the Glasgow area. ○ Confine yourself *to* something/doing something - I will confine myself *to* looking at the period from 1900 to 1916. ○ Be confined + adv./prep. - Here the river is confined in a narrow channel.

Answer 271

To give somebody a lower or less important position, rank, etc. than before - She was then relegated *to* the role of assistant. - He relegated the incident *to* the back of his mind.

Answer 272

Very complicated and detailed; carefully prepared and organized - Elaborate designs. - I had prepared a very elaborate meal. - An elaborate computer system.

Answer 273

Unreasonable; that you cannot take seriously = **absurd**, **ridiculous** - A ludicrous suggestion. - It was ludicrous to think that the plan could succeed. - He is paid a ludicrous amount of money.

Answer 274

The mind; your deepest feelings and attitudes - The human psyche. - She knew, **at some deep level of her psyche**, that what she was doing was wrong. - In his 1889 treatise the sociologist examines the effect that wealth has on the human psyche.

Answer 275

Very cruel and bitter comments or criticism

Answer 276

To suddenly release a violent force that cannot be controlled - At worst, nuclear war could be unleashed. - Rachel's arrival on the scene had unleashed passions in him that he could scarcely control.

Answer 277

Knowing everything - The novel has an omniscient narrator.

Answer 278

○ (*especially of a person's expression*) impossible to understand or interpret - He was wearing that inscrutable look again. - Her face had become inscrutable. ○ Inscrutable *to* somebody - Unfortunately, this language is largely inscrutable *to* non-specialists.

Answer 279

To ask questions in order to find out secret or hidden information about somebody/something = **investigate** ○ Probe *into* something - He didn't like the media probing *into* his past. ○ Probe something - A TV program that probed government scandals in the 1990s. ○ + speech - ‘Then what happened?’ he probed.

Answer 280

An amount that is greater than is needed or can be used = **excess** The report contained a plethora of detail.

Nexus Flashcards

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