Nichols Arrhthymias Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Nichols Arrhthymias Deck (25)
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1
Q

Most common cause of V-Tach in adults?

A

Ischemic heart disease

2
Q

Mechanism of arrhythima most commonly seen in CAD induced arrhythmias?

A

Reentry around the edge of a scar in the left ventricle

3
Q

Type of channelopathy causing early after-depolarization?

A

Long QT syndrome

4
Q

Chamber of the heart affected by Long QT?

A

Left Ventricle

5
Q

Chamber of the heart affected by Brugada Syndrome?

A

Right Ventricle

6
Q

Chamber of the heart affected by Catecholaminergic Polymorphic V-tach?

A

Left Ventricle

7
Q

Mechanism of catecholaminergic polymorphic v-tach?

A

Delayed after-depolarization (phase 4)

8
Q

Mechanism of Long QT syndrome?

A

Early after-depolarization (phase 2)

9
Q

Electrolyte abrnomalities causing Long QT?

A

hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia

10
Q

Clinical presentations of Long QT?

A

syncope, sudden cardiac death

11
Q

Prototypical polymorphic v-tach seen with congenital long QT?

A

Torsades de Pointe

12
Q

Treatment AFTER resuscitating someone that experiences a ventricular arrhythmia

A

surgery to insert an ICD

13
Q

What channel does Brugada Syndrome affect?

A

Sodium channels

14
Q

Epidemiology of Brugada Syndrome?

A

young Asian males, usually presents in 40s

15
Q

EKG features of Brugada Syndrome?

A

Persisently elevated ST segments (>2mm) in leads V1-V3; abnormal EKG at REST

16
Q

Mechanism of Brugada Syndrome?

A

Half ass sodium channel response fails to produce a full action potential and causes a localized conduction block in the RIGHT VENTRICLE–> predispose to phase 2 reentry V-Tach

17
Q

Epidemiology of catecholaminergic polymorphic v-Tach?

A

presents at the average age of 8 with syncope or sudden cardiac death during emotional duress or physical stress

18
Q

Mutation in catecholaminergic polymorphic v-tach?

A

Ryanodine receptor mutation–> excessive cytosolic calcium–> polymorphic v-tach with high levels of catecholamines (exercise/emotional distress)

19
Q

Cardiomyopathy(ies) associated with impaired compliance?and diastolic function?

A

Hypertrophic and Restrictive

20
Q

Cardiomyopathy(ies) associated with impaired contractility and systolic function?

A

Dilated

21
Q

2 most common causes associated with idiopathic cardiomyopathy?

A

Alcoholism and viral myocarditis

22
Q

Mutation seen in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy?

A

mutation in desmosomal proteins–> reentrant v-tach in the RIGHT VENTRICLE

23
Q

Structural changes seen in the arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy?

A

fatty replacement of myoctyes, frequently with lymphocytic infiltration, later fibrosis

24
Q

EKG manifestations of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy?

A

Epsilon waves (notch in terminal portion of the QRS) that are most prominent in V1

25
Q

Epidemiology of arrhythomogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy?

A

Italian/Medditernean descent, 20s-30s