Nigeria Flashcards
(55 cards)
Where is Nigeria?
In West Africa, bordering Benin, Niger, Chad & Cameroon.
How would you describe Nigeria’s climate?
Generally a tropical climate but climate is variable throughout the country (see Q89).
How is Nigeria important globally?
2016: 30th largest economy in the world. Supplies 2.7% of world’s oil. Lagos is a major global economic hub. 5th largest contributor to UN Peacekeeping missions.
How is Nigeria important within Africa?
Has the highest GNI & largest population in Africa. Exports cocoa, oil, rubber & oil to African countries. Has rich agricultural sector – 1/3 of all jobs in farming. Nollywood is second largest global film industry.
When did Nigeria gain its independence?
In 1960.
What is Nigeria’s political context?
Was a British colony – resources & people exploited. 1960 independence followed by civil war (1967-70). Recent improvements: 2011 & 2015 elections considered democratic.
What is Nigeria’s social context?
Christianity, Islam & traditional religions practised. Diversity has caused conflict i.e. Biafran Civil War. Rise of Boko Haram (extremist group) = tensions, safety concerns & lack of foreign investment.
What is Nigeria’s cultural context?
Fela Kuti considered the pioneer of Afrobeats. Well-known authors e.g. Wole Soyinka, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. Nigeria won the African Cup of Nations in 2013.
What is Nigeria’s environmental context?
South: tropical grassland. Cattle grazed; millet grown. Centre: upland areas e.g. Jos Plateau. Wetter & cooler than surrounding grasslands. Woodland & farmland. Temperatures & annual rainfall highest in the south.
Define ‘civil war’.
A war fought between different groups of people who live in the same country.
How has Nigeria’s industrial structure changed?
Previously dependent on primary, agricultural products e.g. cocoa & palm oil. Economy now becoming more balanced.
When was oil discovered in the Niger Delta?
In the 1950s.
What % of Nigeria’s export income does oil account for?
98%.
Why has Nigeria’s primary sector declined?
Increased use of machinery. More desirable jobs in other sectors. 1999: 70% employed in agriculture. 2012: fell to 40%. Oil extraction = large proportion of economy.
Why has Nigeria’s secondary sector increased?
Industrialisation = jobs in construction & pharmaceuticals. Manufacturing = 10% of Nigeria’s GDP. Manufactures processed foods, soaps & textiles.
What is happening to Nigeria’s tertiary sector?
Growing. More people with jobs in retail, finances & communications.
What is happening to Nigeria’s quaternary sector?
IT (Information Technology) sector is growing. Likely to overtake oil in future.
Why has Nigeria’s economy changed?
More English speakers = jobs in telecommunications. Stable government encourages foreign investment. Rapid advances in technology. Investment in science & technology training.
What has been the impact of Nigeria’s changing economy?
Secure paid work = more disposable income = more spending on Nigerian-produced goods. More taxes paid to government = investment. Chemical by-products from oil = new industries.
Which new industries have arisen as a result of oil by-products?
Production of soaps, detergents & plastics.
What is a TNC (Trans National Corporation)?
A large company that operates in several countries. HQ tends to be in one country; production in several others.
Approximately how many TNCs operate in Nigeria?
- E.g. KFC, Unilever, Shell.
What are the general benefits of TNCs?
Provide jobs, allow locals to develop new skills. TNCs improve infrastructure so raw materials can be transported. Better infrastructure benefits locals. More money spent in host country’s economy.
What are the general disadvantages of TNCs?
Workers may be poorly paid. Working conditions can be dangerous if no laws. Higher paid jobs not usually given to locals. Most profits sent back to HQ country.
