night before cramming

Question 1

what are the 4 types of sentence moods?

Answer 1

delcarative, interrogatory, subjunctive, imperative

Question 2

what is an declarative sentence mood?

Answer 2

makes a statement

Question 3

what is an interrogatory sentence mood?

Answer 3

asks a question

Question 4

what is a subjunctive sentence mood?

Answer 4

a wish or a doubt or a possibility

Question 5

what is an imperative sentence mood?

Answer 5

makes a command or order

Question 6

what is a semantic field?

Answer 6

a lexical set of semantically related items

Question 7

what is imagery?

Answer 7

literal or figurative descriptions

Question 8

what is pragmatics?

Answer 8

how context effects language

Question 9

what is discourse structure?

Answer 9

how text is organised

Question 10

what are the 4 types of discourse structural purpose?

Answer 10

description, narration, exposition and argumentation

Question 11

what is a descriptive discourse structural purpose?

Answer 11

aims to visualise and describe (relying on 5 senses)

Question 12

what is a narrative discourse structural purpose?

Answer 12

aims to narrate and convey

Question 13

what is a exposition discourse structural purpose?

Answer 13

aims to inform audience of non essential info

Question 14

what is a argumentation discourse structural purpose?

Answer 14

aims to persuade or convince

Question 15

modal verbs

Answer 15

must, should, may

Question 16

modal adverbs

Answer 16

possibly, perhaps, maybe (conveys doubt)

Question 17

deontic modality

Answer 17

what is required of a situation as believed by text producer

Question 18

epistemic modality

Answer 18

the certainty or uncertainty of text producer

Question 19

active voice

Answer 19

action performed by subject

Question 20

passive voice

Answer 20

subject performing action

Question 21

examples of non-standard forms

Answer 21

colloquialisms, figurative language

Question 22

figurative language

Answer 22

colourful writing which conveys meaning differently to standard forms

Question 23

examples of discourse structure

Answer 23

problem-solution, parallelism, circularity, discourse markers, exposition, foregrounding

Question 24

exophoric referencing

Answer 24

referring to something beyond the language of the text

Question 25

exposition

Answer 25

initially informs to readers outside of the text

Question 26

brown and levison politeness theory

Answer 26

polite acts save face. eg modal verbs to hedge around subject to protect readers negative face

Question 27

deixis

Answer 27

Deictic expressions are contextually dependent in order to anchor the reader

Question 28

synthetic personalisation

Answer 28

(Fairclough) How texts simulate intimacy using inclusive pronouns

Question 29

Ideological Positioning

Answer 29

how the language choices reflect specific values

Question 30

grapholoical salience

Answer 30

How layout and design guide reader attention and interpretation.

Question 31

epistemic modality

Answer 31

expressing certainty/possibility ("might", "must").

Question 32

deontic modality

Answer 32

expressing obligation/permission ("should", "may").

Question 33

pronoun shifting

Answer 33

Strategic use of “I”, “we”, “you” to include or exclude the audience.

Question 34

interdiscursivity

Answer 34

When multiple discourse types (e.g. business + informal chat) are combined.