Nikki Kuiper Flashcards
(22 cards)
What are the components of cartilage?
Chondrocytes 3% Collagens 15% Proteoglycans 10% Water 70-80% Other 3%
What are the three main cartilage types?
Elastic
Fibrocartilage
Hyaline (articular)
What is the function of Chondrocytes?
To synthesise and degrade matrix
What are proteoglycans?
They have a protein core with glycosaminoglycans attached
What is the function of a proteoglycan aggregate?
It provides tissue hydration and compressibility
What’s the function of collagen?
Tensile strength and durability
Where would you find elastic cartilage?
And what is its function?
Ear
Larynx
Epiglottis
It provides elasticity and maintains shape
Where would you find fibrocartilage?
And what’s its function?
Intervertebral discs
Menisci
It’s a shock absorber, resists compression and provides durability
Where would you find hyaline cartilage?
What’s its function?
Nose Trachea Fetal skeleton Costal cartilage It's a shock absorber tougher than fibrocartilage
Where would you find hyaline articular cartilage and what’s its function?
In articulating joints
It has a smooth articulating surface and distributes load evenly to underlying bone
What are the two types of bone?
Compact (hard) outer layer
Cancellous (spongy) inner layer
What are the three bone cell types and what are there functions?
Osteoclasts- resorb it
Osteoblasts- build it
Osteocytes- maintain it
Without minerals what happens to bone?
It bends
Without collagen what happens to bone?
It breaks
What are the three main types of joints?
Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial
What type of joints are sutures in the skull?
Fibrous
Cartilaginous joints are split into……
Primary and secondary
Give an example of a primary cartilaginous joint?
Sternum- cartilage- ribs
With ageing what happens to bone?
Reduced amount of tissue and osteoblast activity
Becomes fragile
With ageing what happens to cartilage?
Decreased swelling pressure of proteoglycans
Decreased responsiveness of Chondrocytes
Loss of shock absorbing properties
What is OA?
A disorder of synovial joints
Gradual loss of cartilage
Bony spurs (osteophytes)
Boney cysts
What is the function of the leptin hormone?
To regulate appetite and metabolism
