Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Cancer Therapies And NIS Pharmacotherapies > NIS Management > Flashcards

NIS Management Flashcards

(42 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Potential outcomes of anorexia and early satiety

A

Inadequate energy intake, unintentional weight loss, sarcopenia, nutrient insufficiency and deficiency, dehydration, and malnutrition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Anorexia Grade 1

A

Loss of appetite without alteration in eating habits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Anorexia Grade 2

A

Oral intake altered without significant wight loss or malnutrition; oral nutritional supplements indicated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Anorexia Grade 3

A

Associated with significant weight loss or malnutrition; tube feeding or PN indicated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Anorexia Grade 4

A

Life-threatening consequences; urgent intervention indicated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Grade 5

A

Death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

MNT for anorexia

A

Small, frequent meals (6-8); eat by the clock; maximize intake when appetite is best; use ONS; consume liquids between meals; enhance nutrient density, if tolerated; use easily prepared foods; keep convenience foods on hand; engage in light physical activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pharmacotherapy for anorexia

A 
Antihistamines (Periactin) in children
Corticosteroids (Dexamethasone)
Progestational agents (Provera, Megace)
Prokinetic agents (Reglan)
Cannabinoids (Marinol, Syndros, Casamet)
Antidepressants (Remeron)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Potential outcomes of dysgeusia

A

Decreased intake
Nutrient insufficiency and deficiency
Unintentional weight loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Dysgeusia Grade 1

A

Altered taste, no change in diet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Dysgeusia Grade 2

A

Altered taste with change in diet; noxious or unpleasant taste; loss of taste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Constipation pharmacotherapy

A 
Insoluble food fiber
Medicinal fibers
Stool softener
Lubricants
Osmotic laxatives
Stimulant laxative agents
Opioid antagonist
Herbals
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Insoluble food fiber

A

Bran, flaxseed, wheat germ, inulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Medicinal fibers

A 
Psyllium (Metamucil)
Wheat dextrin (Benefiber)
Carboxymethylcellulose (Trulance)
Methylcellulose (Citrucel)
Polycarbophil (FiberCon)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Stool softener

A

Ducosate (Colace, Surfak)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Lubricants

A

Mineral oil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Osmotic Laxatives

Study These Flashcards
A

MiraLAX (polyethylene glycol)
Lactulose (Duphalac, Cadilose)
Magnesium hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia)
Magnesium citrate

18
Q

Stimulant Laxative Agents

Study These Flashcards
A

Bisacodyl (Dulcolax, Correctol, Carter’s pills)

Sennosides (Senokot, Ex-lax)

19
Q

Opioid Antagonist

Study These Flashcards
A

Relistor
Amitiza
Morantik
Symproic

20
Q

Herbals

Study These Flashcards
A

Probiotics, slippery elm, aloe juice, cascara sagrada

Caution: Bacteremia is possible in immunocompromised patients. Avoid opening capsules of probiotics is port is present

21
Q

Fluid needs for constipation

Study These Flashcards
A

64-80 oz daily (8-10c)

Additional 32 oz if using medicinal fibers

22
Q

Fiber needs for constipation

Study These Flashcards
A

Women: 25 g/d
Men: 38 g/d

Increase slowly as tolerated

23
Q

Medications that may slow gastric emptying

Study These Flashcards
A 
Vinca alkaloids
opioids 
aluminum hydroxide antacids
histamine H2-recepter antagonists
PPI
sucralfate
interferon
levodopa
sedatives
antiemetics
24
Q

Potential outcomes of diarrhea

Study These Flashcards
A

Frequent stools, dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, unintentional weight loss, fatigue, nutrient insufficiency and deficiency, malnutrition, skin irritation

25
Treatments or medications that cause diarrhea
``` Chemo: Irinotecan, VP-16 (etoposide) RT to pelvis Antibiotics Prokinetic agents Stool softeners, laxatives Dietary causes (EtOH, caffeine, sugar alcohols, lactose, high insoluble fiber intake) ```
26
Fluid needs for diarrhea
64-80 oz (8-10c) daily | Additional 1c for each loose BM
27
Pharmacotherapy for diarrhea
Opioid receptor antagonists: Imodium AD (Loperamide), Lomotil Hormonal: Sandostatin (ocreotide) Opioids: Paregoric, camphorated tincture of opium Anti-inflammatory, anti-diarrheal: Pepto-Bismol, Kaopectate Bile acid sequestrant: Cholestyramine (Questran) Anticholinergics: diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Medicinal Fibers: psyllium (Metamucil), psyllium or calcium polycarbophil caplets (Konsyl); methylcellulose (Citracel) Preventative for gut radiotherapy: amifostine (Ethyol) Amino acids: L-glutamine (reduces duration, not severity); Enterade (blend of AA) Probiotics: saccharomyces boulardii, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG
28
Potential outcomes for dysphagia
Coughing, choking, feeling of "food getting stuck", odynophagia, aspiration, pneumonia, weight loss, nutrient insufficiencies and deficiencies, dehydration, malnutrition
29
Thickeners
Simply Thick gel, Thicken Right, Thicken up; Thick & Easy, Thick It
30
Topical anesthetics for dysphagia
Lidocaine spray (Xylocaine)
31
Fatigue pharmacotherapy
Blood transfusions | Erythropoietin given as epoetin alfa
32
Potential outcomes for malabsorption
Abnormal digestive enzyme studies, steatorrhea, unintentional weight loss, dehydration, nutrient insufficiency and deficiency, malnutrition, fatigue
33
PERT dosing per g fat
500-1000 U lipase /g fat | Do not exceed 4000 u lipase/g fat
34
PERT dosing per kg
Do not exceed 2500 u lipase/kg/meal or 10,000 u lipase /kg /day start 500 u lipase /kg /meal, increase as tolerated 250 u lipase/kg/snack
35
PER dosing per meal
20,000-75,000 lipase/meal and 5,000-50,000 u lipase/snack
36
PERT Considerations
Some PERT require concurrent PPI to maintain effectiveness. Do not sprinkle or mix contents of capsules on diary products or consume foods with a pH >4. Sprinkle on applesauce immediately before eating a meal, if needed.
37
Potential outcomes for N/V
Dehydration, electrolyte and acid-base imbalance, nutrient insufficiency and deficiency, unintentional weight loss, aspiration, esophagitis, Mallory-Weiss syndrome, fractures, wound dehiscence, and potential withdrawal from antineoplastic treatment
38
Pharmacotherapy for acute N/V
``` Serotonin antagonists (5-HT3 receptor antagonists: Ondansetron (Zofran) Dolasetron (Anzemet) Granisetron (Kytril) Palonosetron (Aloxi) Tropisetron (Navoban) ```
39
Pharmacotherapy for Delayed N/V
``` Dopamine antagonists (Phenothiazines): prochlorperazine (Compazine), promethazine (Phenergan) ``` Nerokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor antagonists: aprepitant or fosaprepitant (Emend) netupitant / palonsetron (Akynzeo) Rolapitant (Varubi)
40
Etiology of N/V
``` Anticipatory (prior to chemo) Acute (24 hours after chemo) Delayed (1-7 days after chemo) Breakthrough (occurs despite prophylactic medications, requiring "rescue" medications) Refractory (all medications failed) ```
41
Pharmacotherapy for N/V
Benzamides: Reglan Cannabinoids: Marinol, Syndros, Cesamet Benzodiazapines: Ativan Valium Corticosteroids: Dexamethasone, prednisone
42
Complementary therapies for N/V
Ginger tea, ginger ale, 0.5-1.0 g ginger extract, acupressure bracelets, acupuncture, massage, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, relaxation techniques, self-hypnosis

Cancer Therapies And NIS Pharmacotherapies (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions