NMS Q&A book Family Medicine

Question 0

Besides a color change of the TM, what also must be present for the dx of otitis media?

Answer 0

-conductive hearing loss

Question 1

Expiratory rales or “crackles” heard in a child are unique to what dz?

Answer 1

-bronchiolitis

Question 2

How long does OM need to go on for before it is diagnosed as failing to respond to tx?

Answer 2

-16 wks!

Question 3

What must be present in malignant otitis externae?

Answer 3

-osteomyelitis of the bony canal or mastoid

Question 4

What does the physical exam look like for otosclerois?

Answer 4

• normal PE

- can have some color change on the TM = “red hering”

Question 5

What kind of hearing loss is a noise induced hearing loss?

Answer 5

-sensorineural

Question 6

Otosclerosis: what is it? Genetics? Who is it more common in? Tx?

Answer 6

• conductive hearing loss that is the result of adhesion of the bones of the inner ear
• autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance
• more common in whites, progress is accelerated by pregnancy
• tx: can be cured with surgery that frees the adhesive new bone formation that prevents the vibration of the stapes footplate and oval window

Question 7

What is virtually the only cause of bacterial phsryngitis?

Answer 7

• beta-hemolytic strep pyogenes

- other causes are relatively rare

Question 8

Viral v. Bacterial pharyngitis?

Answer 8

• bacterial: first and continuing dominant sx is sore throat + sx are worse at the end of the day + coryza and cough are absent
• viral: sire throat is worse in the morning

Question 9

Sx of Meniere’s disease, are they episodic or constant?

Answer 9

-episodic

Question 10

Peripheral v. Central vertigo sx?

Answer 10

• peripheral = violent sx after a latent period of 15-60 sec after motion of the head that affects the semicircular canals = Hallpike maneuver
• central = sx immediately upon motion of the head affecting the semicircular canals

Question 11

During what age range does the first attack of rheumatic fever usually occur with nontreated group A strep?

Answer 11

• ages 5-15

- but subsequent attacks can occur up to the age of 30

Question 12

What can be a consequence of fluoride toxicity?

Answer 12

-hypocalcemia, which can lead to tetany, ventricular dysrhythmias, &/or convulsions

Question 13

When should children be taken to the dentist?

Answer 13

-by 1 yr of age

Question 14

Dentigerous cysts: what are they? When can they be seen?

Answer 14

• what: expansions of the original cocoon of the molar roots, grow slowly over time, act like benign tumors and dislodge other teeth
• when: can be seen with partially or totally unerupted wisdom teeth

Question 15

What type of headaches can be seen with MS? What is the most common pathology of these headaches?

Answer 15

• can see trigeminal neuralgia in MS

- the most common cause of trigeminal neuralgia is demyelination of the nerve root near the gasserian ganglion