Nomenclature- naming organic compounds

Question 1

AQA A-Level Chemistry - Nomenclature

Answer 1

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6mEO-3ogOA0&list=PL0yIQjy59R-DJZOtBHY7cOMDWtuQoiZxX&index=2

Question 2

Who created the system for naming organic compounds?

Answer 2

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)

Question 3

Why does everyone follow the IUPAC rule?

Answer 3

So that it can be understood universally

Question 4

What is the root of a hydrocarbon chain?

Answer 4

The longest, unbranched hydrocarbon chain or ring of that molecule

Question 5

What are the first 10 roots in naming organic compounds?

Answer 5

meth eth prop but pent hept oct non dec

Question 6

Are side chains known by prefixes or suffixes?

Answer 6

Prefixes

Question 7

What are the first 5 types of alkane side chains?

Answer 7

Methyl propyl ethyl butyl pentyl

Question 8

What prefix do hydrocarbon rings have?

Answer 8

cyclo

Question 9

What are the 7 functional groups?

Answer 9

Alkanes Alkenes Halogenoalkanes Alcohols Aldehydes Ketones Carboxylic acids

Question 10

What is the suffix for alkanes?

Answer 10

-ane

Question 11

What is the suffix for alkenes?

Answer 11

-ene

Question 12

What is the suffix for alcohols?

Answer 12

-ol

Question 13

What is the suffix for aldehydes?

Answer 13

-al

Question 14

What is the suffix for ketones?

Answer 14

-one

Question 15

What is the suffix for carboxylic acids?

Answer 15

-oic acid

Question 16

draw the formula for an alkane

Answer 16

CnH2n+2

Question 17

draw the formula for an alkenes

Answer 17

R-CH=CH-R

Question 18

draw the formula for a halogenoalkane

Answer 18

R-X (X = F,Cl,Br or I)

Question 19

draw the formula for an alcohol

Answer 19

R-0H

Question 20

What is the prefix for a halogenoalkane?

Answer 20

flouro, chloro, iodo or bromo (the halogens)

Question 21

What is a structural isomer?

Answer 21

They have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas

Question 22

How are numbers separated in systematic names

Answer 22

with commas ,

Question 23

How are words and numbers separated in systematic names?

Answer 23

With a hyphen -

Question 24

If iodo and bromo are in the same chemical compound, which one would you write first when naming it and why?

Answer 24

Bromo would be written before iodo because the substituting groups are put in alphabetical order.

Question 25

How can you show that you have more than one of the same substituting group? For example more than one iodo in a chain.

Answer 25

You would add the prefixes di-, tri- or tetra- before the substituting group

Question 26

What is a homologous series?

Answer 26

A family of organic compound with the same functional group, but different carbon chain lengths.

Question 27

What is a homologous series?

Answer 27

A family of organic compound with the same functional group, but different carbon chain lengths.

Question 28

What does the length of the carbon chain affect?

Answer 28

Physical properties such as melting points, boiling points and solubility

Question 29

Melting and boiling points of the chains increase when what happens?

Answer 29

As the number of carbon atoms in the chain increase

Question 30

Why does the melting and boiling point of the chain increase as the number of carbon atoms increase.

Answer 30

the intermolecular forces increase.

Question 31

Small molecules of hydrocarbon are generally in what state?

Answer 31

gases

Question 32

Larger molecules of hydocarbon are generally in what state?

Answer 32

liquids or solids

Question 33

Why does chain branching reduce the melting point?

Answer 33

because the molecules pack together less well

Question 34

Draw the displayed formula for the first 5 alkanes

Answer 34

Question 35

Draw the displayed formula for ethene, propene, but-1-ene and but-2-ene

Answer 35

Question 36

Draw the displayed formula for 2-chloropropane

Answer 36

Question 37

Draw the displayed formula for methanol, ethanol and propan-1-ol

Answer 37

Question 38

Draw the displayed formula for methylpropanal, 2,2-dimethylbutanal and butanal

Answer 38

Question 39

Draw the displayed formula for propanone, butanone and 3-methylpentanone

Answer 39

w

Question 40

Draw the displayed formula for butanoic acid

Answer 40