{ "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Organization", "name": "Brainscape", "url": "https://www.brainscape.com/", "logo": "https://www.brainscape.com/pks/images/cms/public-views/shared/Brainscape-logo-c4e172b280b4616f7fda.svg", "sameAs": [ "https://www.facebook.com/Brainscape", "https://x.com/brainscape", "https://www.linkedin.com/company/brainscape", "https://www.instagram.com/brainscape/", "https://www.tiktok.com/@brainscapeu", "https://www.pinterest.com/brainscape/", "https://www.youtube.com/@BrainscapeNY" ], "contactPoint": { "@type": "ContactPoint", "telephone": "(929) 334-4005", "contactType": "customer service", "availableLanguage": ["English"] }, "founder": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Andrew Cohen" }, "description": "Brainscape’s spaced repetition system is proven to DOUBLE learning results! Find, make, and study flashcards online or in our mobile app. Serious learners only.", "address": { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "159 W 25th St, Ste 517", "addressLocality": "New York", "addressRegion": "NY", "postalCode": "10001", "addressCountry": "USA" } }

Non-experimental Methods [Definitions] Flashcards

(11 cards)

1
Q

What is a correlation?

A
  • Examines the relationship between co-variables + tells us the strength of the relationship
  • Correlation (e.g +0.98) can be strong or weak, or positive/negative. + or - shows p or n, and the closer the number is to 1 the stronger the correlation is.
  • +0.03 is no correlation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a participant observation?

A
  • Researcher takes on the rope od a participant whilst observing other participants behaviour around them
  • Ppts do not know who they are
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a non-participant observation?

A
  • Researcher watches and records without interfering in any way.
  • Ppts often unaware they’re being studied
  • Behaviour sorted into predetermined categories
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is an overt/covert observation?

A

OVERT: Aware they’re being studied, observer is visible
COVERT: Where participants are unaware they’re being observed. Observer is hidden.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a structured/unstructured observation?

A

STRUCTURED: Researcher uses a system to organise their observations. Categories allow for operationalisation, making the behaviours observed as precise and measurable as possible.

UNSTRUCTURED: The researcher records all relevant behaviour but has no system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is time sampling vs event sampling?

A

TIME: The psychologists observes and records behaviour at specific time intervals, e.g every 15 minutes.
EVENT: Participants are observed by the psychologists who records a specific behaviour each time it occurs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the different types of questions in a questionnaire?

A
  • Closed questions (set responses)
  • Open questions (Any answer they wish)
  • Likert scale (Expresses level of agreement)
  • Semantic differential scale (Selects a point on the scale that has two opposing adjectives at each end.)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a structured interview?

A
  • Pre determined set of questions that are asked in a fixed order
  • No deviation from the original questions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a semi-structured interview?

A
  • General aim and some pre-determined questions but other questions are developed based on the answers given by the participant.
  • More flexible/ can ask followups for insightful info
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is an unstructured interview?

A
  • No set questions to ask, interviewee asks different questions each time
  • Used to create a relaxed atmosphere
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly