non-fatal offences- assault

Question 1

where was assault defined

Answer 1

section 39 of the criminal justice act

Question 2

assault is…

Answer 2

an intentional or reckless act that causes the apprehension ( fear) of the infliction of immediate unlawful force (nelson)

Question 3

actus reus

Answer 3

an act that causes the apprehension(fear) of the infliction of immediate unlawful force

Question 4

what kind of actions can be assault

Answer 4

act/gesture(logdon )
words(constanza)
calls/stalking(ireland,burstow)

Question 5

additional rules in AR

Answer 5

• words may negate the force( ruberville v savage)
• must cause fear( lamb)
• must be immediate (smith v chief superintendent woking police station)
  IF RELEVANT- may be indirect FEAR (dune)

Question 6

mens rea

Answer 6

direct or reckless intent as to causing the apprehension of the infliction of immediate unlawful force.
intent can be direct(mohan) or reckless (cunningham)