Non-fatal Offences - S20 and S18

Question 1

S20

Answer 1

Malicious wounding or maliciously inflicting GBH

Question 2

S18

Answer 2

Wounding with intent/causing GBH with intent

Question 3

wounding actus reus

Answer 3

to unlawfully wound another person

Question 4

JCC v Eisenhower

Answer 4

wounding = a cut or break in at least 2 layers of skin

Question 5

mens rea of S20

Answer 5

to intend or be reckless about causing some harm

R v Mowatt

Question 6

mens rea of S18

Answer 6

intention to cause GBH/really serious harm (Belfon)

Question 7

S18 Intent

Answer 7

Direct intent (Mohan) - D aims to cause really serious harm

Oblique intent (Woollin) - Really serious harm is virtually certain, and D realises it is virtually certain

Question 8

GBH actus reus

Answer 8

to unlawfully cause/inflict grievous bodily harm on/to another person

Question 9

DPP v Smith

Answer 9

GBH is really serious harm

Question 10

R v Burstow

Answer 10

GBH can be really serious psychiatric harm

Question 11

R v Dica

Answer 11

GBH can be serious biological harm i.e. a disease

Question 12

R v Brown and Stratton

Answer 12

GBH can be an accumulation of more minor injuries

Question 13

R v Bollom

Answer 13

When deciding whether harm counts as GBH, V’s age and health can be considered

Question 14

R v Martin

Answer 14

wounding/GBH can be inflicted indirectly