Non Parametric Tests Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is a non-parametric test?
A statistical test that does not assume a specific distribution for the data.
True or False: Non-parametric tests can be used with ordinal data.
True
What is the main purpose of the sign test?
To determine if there is a significant difference between the median of a single sample and a known value.
Fill in the blank: The sign test is based on the ______ of the differences between paired observations.
signs
What type of data is the Wilcoxon signed-rank test used for?
Paired ordinal or continuous data.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a key assumption of the Wilcoxon signed-rank test?
A) Data must be normally distributed
B) Data must be paired
C) Data must be interval scale
D) Data must have equal variances
B) Data must be paired
What does the ranked sum test compare?
The sums of ranks between two independent groups.
True or False: The Wilcoxon rank-sum test is also known as the Mann-Whitney U test.
True
Fill in the blank: The sign test is particularly useful when the sample size is ______.
small
What is the null hypothesis in a sign test?
The median of the population is equal to a specified value.
Multiple Choice: The Wilcoxon signed-rank test is primarily used for which type of analysis?
A) One-sample test
B) Two-sample test
C) Paired sample test
D) Chi-square test
C) Paired sample test
What does a p-value indicate in non-parametric tests?
The probability of observing the data, or something more extreme, under the null hypothesis.
True or False: Non-parametric tests are less powerful than parametric tests when the assumptions for parametric tests are met.
True
What is the main advantage of using non-parametric tests?
They can be used without the assumption of normality.
Fill in the blank: The Wilcoxon rank-sum test is used for comparing two ______ groups.
independent
What is the test statistic used in the Wilcoxon signed-rank test?
The sum of the ranks of the positive differences.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following tests would you use for two independent samples?
A) Sign test
B) Wilcoxon signed-rank test
C) Wilcoxon rank-sum test
D) Paired t-test
C) Wilcoxon rank-sum test
What type of data can the sign test be applied to?
Ordinal or continuous data.
True or False: The Wilcoxon rank-sum test can be applied to small sample sizes.
True
What is the effect of ties on the Wilcoxon signed-rank test?
Ties can complicate the ranking process and may require adjustments.
Fill in the blank: In the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, the ranks of all observations are combined and assigned ______.
ranks
What is the primary limitation of non-parametric tests?
They may have less statistical power compared to parametric tests when assumptions of parametric tests are met.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is not a non-parametric test?
A) Mann-Whitney U test
B) Kruskal-Wallis test
C) ANOVA
D) Sign test
C) ANOVA
What is the main goal of using non-parametric tests?
To analyze data without making strong assumptions about the underlying distribution.
