Non SM Flashcards
What does grade 3 muscle strength mean?
Can resist gravity
4 and 5 means they can move against resistance
Do you want -LR to be low or high to rule out disease?
Low
What is CRP?
direct, quantitative measure of plasma CRP (an acute phase protein) using immunoassay
What is ESR?
indirect measure of acute phase response by measuring rate of gravitational settling of anticoagulated RBCs
What test is more sensitive: CRP or ESR?
CRP
What is the main difference between CRP and ESR?
ESR rises more slowly and stays high longer than CRP
ESR is cheaper but may deteriorate if sample not processed quickly
How long is exclusivity granted for biologics?
12 years before biosimilars can enter market
What is the 340B discount program?
Medicaid –> low income and uninsured pts receive drugs at free or reduced cost
Coordination between drug manufacturer and hospitals serving low income pts/remote or rural areas.
Idea is that savings can go towards other services/drugs to help these pts
What are the standards for decision making in children?
- children’s best interest
- children’s preferences
- parent’s and other family members’ interests
What is the difference between QALY and QALE?
QALY: quality adjusted life years (QALE x actual life expectancy)
QALE: quality adjusted life expectancy (percentage of “normal life”)
How do you calculate “value” of distal outcomes for decision tree?
utility x probability
How do you calculate “value” of chance node for decision tree?
add values of distal outcomes
How does a sensitivity analysis help with cost effective analysis?
helps to see how each variable changes effect of outcome of specific interventions. can plot to see at what point efficacy changes to favor different intervention/choice
If outcome changes due to changing a variable, said to be “sensitive” to that variable. If doesn’t change, “robust”
What is an ICER?
incremental cost-effectiveness ratio
incremental cost/incremental benefit
