Nonrenewable Resources

Question 1

What is the definition of resource?

Answer 1

Naturally occurring, exploitable materials that is useful to society’s economic/material well-being

Question 2

What are the function of availability of natural resources?

Answer 2

Physical characteristics of the resources
Human economic and technological conditions

Question 3

What are the two kinds of natural resources?

Answer 3

Renewable
Nonrenewable

Question 4

What are nonrenewable resources?

Answer 4

A natural resource that cannot be remade/regrown to match its consumption

Question 5

What is nuclear energy?

Answer 5

A Nonrenewable resource.
Once uranium is used, its gone

Question 6

What uses uranium to create energy?

Answer 6

Nuclear Fission

Question 7

How does Nuclear fission work?

Answer 7

Controlled splitting of an atom to release energy
(Uranium-235)

Question 8

What is the percentage of energy does Nuclear energy provide to the world’s electricity?

Answer 8

16%

Question 9

How does Nuclear Energy help the climate of Earth?

Answer 9

Reduces carbon emissions and slow rate of climate change

Question 10

What are the disadvantages of Nuclear fission?

Answer 10

High cost
safety concerns
lack of safe storage for radioactive waste
potential to be targeted

Question 11

What is the process of Nuclear Fusion?

Answer 11

Process used by sun and stars

Combining 2 atoms to release energy
(Deuterium + tritium = helium + energy)

Question 12

What are the advantages of nuclear fusion?

Answer 12

1 cubic meter of ocean (stores deuterium atoms) contains as much potential energy as the world’s entire oil reserves

Radioactive process are short-lived

waste products are non harmful

don’t emit carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, or nitric oxide

Question 13

What are the disadvantages of Nuclear fusion?

Answer 13

Enormous construction costs

potential health and environmental costs

Question 14

What is the technological problems with controlled fusion?

Answer 14

Needs material to withstand and keep temperature greater than 100million degrees.

(If overcome, creates potential)

Question 15

What are fossil fuels?

Answer 15

Nonrenewable energy that are coal, petroleum, and naturalgas because they cannot be replenished in a short period of time

Question 16

How is coal made?

Answer 16

300 mil years ago
Before dinos, many plants died in swamps

100 mil years ago
plants buried under water and dirt

Present
Heat and pressure turned dead plants to coal

Question 17

What is the fuel basis for industrial revolution?

Answer 17

Coal

Question 18

Coal is a very large world supply, however, where is coal mostly concentrated in?

Answer 18

The middle latitudes of Northern Hemisphere

Question 19

How does Industrialized nations use coal?

Answer 19

Used for electricity and to make coke for steel production

Question 20

How doe less developed nations use coal?

Answer 20

Used for home heating and cooking, to generate electricity and fuel factories.

Question 21

What is not coal in terms of quality?

Answer 21

It is not a constant quality of resource

Question 22

What are more expensive to mine?

Answer 22

Good quality bituminous coals and anthracite

Question 23

What is the extraction for coal?

Answer 23

Surface (strip) mining

Underground (shaft) mining

Question 24

What are the ecological, health and safety problems associated with mining and consumption of coal?

Answer 24

Mutilation of surface

Contamination of lakes and streams

Release of Toxins into atmosphere

Question 25

What are the disadvantages of Coal?

Answer 25

Bulky and not as easily transported as non-solid fuels Usually consumed near mines development of major heavy industrial centers on or near coal fields

Question 26

What is the process of oil and gas?

Answer 26

300 mil - 400 mil years ago Tiny sea plants and animals died and were buried on the ocean floor. Later they were covered by layers of silt and sand. 50 mil-100 mil years ago The remains were buried deeper and deeper. Enormous heat and pressure turned them into oil and gas. Present Humans drill down through layers of sand, silt, and rock to reach the rock formations that contain oil and gas deposits.

Question 27

How much percentage does the commercial energy consumed in the world comes from oil?

Answer 27

40%

Question 28

What was crude oil (Petroleum) refined into?

Answer 28

Waxes Tars Various fuels

Question 29

How was the world dependent on petroleum?

Answer 29

The efficiency of pipelines supertankers other modes of transportation low cost of oil

Question 30

What did crude oil give to oil-exporting countries?

Answer 30

tremendous power

Question 31

From the effect of oil-exporting countries, what did this encourage to other countries?

Answer 31

Research for alternative energy sources conservation and energy efficiency

Question 32

What are the reserves for crude oil?

Answer 32

Finite Unevenly distributed around the world proved that reserves will last for about 40 years at current rate of production

Question 33

Where are the largest reserves of crude oil found?

Answer 33

In the Middle East

Question 34

How could the crude oil last far into the future?

Answer 34

Through: Advances in exploration, recovery and production Oil below sea floor Undiscovered oil fields

Question 35

What does Hydraulic fracturing (Fracking) mean?

Answer 35

fracturing rock by a pressurized liquid

Question 36

How does Hydraulic fracturing effect the environment?

Answer 36

Contamination of ground water depletion of freshwater

Question 37

What is an oil shale?

Answer 37

Sedimentary rock rich in organic material (Kerogen) Extracted and converted into a crude oil by distillation

Question 38

What is Oil sand?

Answer 38

Mixture of sand, clay, and silt (85%), water (5%), and bitumen (10%)

Question 39

What are the high cost of Oil shales and tar sands?

Answer 39

Money Environmental costs: A lot of energy and fresh water distributes large areas ofland Produce a lot fo waste Produce greenhouse gases Pollutes air, water and surrounding soil

Question 40

What are the benefits of Natural Gases?

Answer 40

Highly efficient/versatile requires little processing Burns cleanly Of fossil fuels, has the least impact on the environment

Question 41

How much percentage does the natural gas account for the global energy consumption?

Answer 41

25%

Question 42

What is natural gas mainly used for?

Answer 42

Industrial and residential heating Generating electricity

Question 43

What is natural gas chemically processed into?

Answer 43

Products such as: Plastic Insecticides synthetic fibers

Question 44

How are liquefied natural gas (LNG) kept?

Answer 44

Liquefied by refrigeration for storage or transport Extremely hazardous

Question 45

What are the reserves of Natural Gases?

Answer 45

Difficult to estimate supplies, yet finite resources Will last for about 65 years with current rate of production Developing countries may have undiscovered deposits