Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Micro Gpp > Normal Flora > Flashcards

Normal Flora Flashcards

(42 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are normal flora

A

These are mixture of micro-organisms regularly found at any anatomical site on or within the body of a healthy person.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

List the estimation of normal flora in the human body

A

10^12 on the skin
10^10 on the mouth
10^14 in the gastrointestinal tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Importance of normal flora

A

They constitute a protective host defense mechanism by occupying ecological niche
Meaning they occupy specific spaces in the body and if any other bacteria tries to come there they destroy it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Factors affecting normal flora

A

Genetics
Age
Sex
Stress
Nutrition
Diet
Antibiotics and other drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Normal flora can be divided into two namely

A

Resident flora: microbes always present on or within the body
Transient Flora: Microbes that live in or in the body for a period of time ( hours,days, weeks,months) then move on or die off

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are resident flora

A

Microbes that are always present on or within body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are transient flora

A

Microbes that live in or on the body for a period of time (hours, days, weeks, months) then move on or die off

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where is Corynebacterium diphtheriae found

A

Throat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where is neisseria gonorrhoeoe found

A

Urogenital tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where is staphylococcus mutans found

A

Tooth surfaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where is staphylococcus salivarius found

A

Tongue surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where is E. coli found

A

Small intestine epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Staphylococcus aureus

A

Nasal membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Staphylococcus epidermidis

A

Skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Normal flora of the skin list them

A

Staphylococcus epidermidis
Micrococcus sp
Coryne bacterium sp
Mycobacterium smegmatis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Normal flora of the conjuctiva

A

1) staphylococcus epidermidis
2) Coryne bacterium sp
3) propionibacterium acnes
4) staphylococcus aureus
5) Viridans streptococci
6) Neisseria app
7) Hemophilus influenzae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Normal flora of the respiratory tract
The nostrils

Study These Flashcards
A

1) staphylococcus epidermidis
2) Corynebacteria spp
3) staphylococcus aureus
4) Neissera spp
5) hemophilus spp
6) streptococcus pneumonia

18
Q

Normal flora of the respiratory tract
Upper respiratory tract. (Nasopharynx)

Study These Flashcards
A

Non hemolytic streptococci
Alpha hemolytic streptococci
Neisseria spp
Streptococcus pneumonia
Streptococcus pyogens
Hemophilus influenzae
Neisseria Meningitidis

19
Q

Normal flora of the lower respiratory tract include:

Study These Flashcards
A

Hemophilus influenzae
Streptococcus pneumonia

20
Q

Normal flora of the human oral cavity

Study These Flashcards
A

Viridans streptococci
Lactobacilli
Staphylococcus aureus and epidermidis
Corynebacterium sp
Bacteroides sp
Streptococcus sanguis (dental plaque)
Streptococcus mutans ( dental plaque)
Actinomyces sp

21
Q

Normal flora of the ears

Study These Flashcards
A

1) staphylococcus epidermidis
2) staphylococcus aureus
3) Corynebacterium sp

22
Q

Normal flora of the Urogenital tract
Anterior urethra

Study These Flashcards
A

Staphylococcus epidermidis
Enterococcus faecalis
Alpha hemolytic streptococci
Some enteric bacteria (e.g E. coli, proteus sp)
Corynebacterium sp
Acinetobacter sp
Mycoplasma sp
Candida sp
Mycobacterium smegmatis

23
Q

Normal flora of the vagina

Study These Flashcards
A

1) Corynebacterium sp.
2. Staphylococci
3. Non-pyogenic streptococci
4. Escherichia coli
5. Lactobacillus acidophilus*
6. Flavobacterium sp.
7. Clostridium sp.
8. Viridans streptococci
9. Other Enterobacteria

24
Q

Normal Flora of the Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT):
•In breast-fed infants :

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Bifido bacteria account for more than 90% of the total intestinal bacteria.
  2. Enterobacteriaceae
  3. Enterococci
  4. Bacteroides
  5. Staphylococci
  6. Lactobacilli
  7. Clostridia
25
Normal Flora of the Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT): •In bottle-fed infants:
Bifido bacteria is joined by ( although no longer predominant) Enterics Bacteroides Enterococci Lactobacillus Clostridium
26
Normal Flora of the Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT): In the upper GIT of adult humans
Mainly acid tolerant lactobacilli e.g helicobacter pilori
27
Normal Flora of the Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT): Proximal small intestine:
1) Lactobacilli 2. Enterococcus faecalis 3. Coliforms 4. Bacteroides
28
The flora of the large intestine (colon)
1) Enterococci 2.Clostridia 3.Lactobacilli 4.Bacteroides 5.Bifidobacterium (Bifidobacterium bifidum) 6.Escherichia coli 7.Methanogenic bacteria 8.Viridans streptococci 9.Staphylococcus sp. 10.Proteus sp. 11.Candida albicans (Yeast) 12.Mycoplama sp.
29
THE ROLE/ BENEFITS OF THE NORMAL FLORA:
1) The normal flora synthesize and excrete vitamins in excess of their own needs, which can be absorbed as nutrients by the host. 2) The normal flora prevent colonization by pathogens by competing for attachment sites or for essential nutrients 3) The normal flora may antagonize other bacteria 4) The normal flora stimulates the development of certain tissues, 5) The normal flora stimulates the production of “cross-reactive antibodies’’.
30
The caecum of germ-free animals is ___________, ___________, and __________, compared to that organ in conventional animals.
Enlarged Thin walled and Fluid filled
31
What tissues do normal flora stimulate the development of
Caecum in animals Payers patches in the GI tract
32
What are sterile tissues
The internal tissues of healthy humans that are normally free of microorganisms
33
Examples of sterile tissues
Blood Brain Muscle CSF
34
NATURAL MICROBIAL HABITATS
Soil Water Air Animal and animal products
35
Define Mutualistic/ mutualism:
Both organisms benefit “beneficial interaction”
36
Define Commensalistic/ commensalism
One organism benefits the other is neither helped nor harmed
37
Define Opportunistic
Under normal conditions, microbe does not cause disease, but if conditions become conducive , it can cause disease. (Immuno-compromised or immuno-suppressed conditions)
38
List and example of a mutualistic bacteria
Escherichia coli : –Synthesizes Vitamin K & B complex Vitamins –In return, we provide a warm, moist nutrient rich environment for Escherichia coli
39
Example of commentialistic bacteria
We have no Commensalistic relationships with Bacteria •If Bacteria are in or on our body, they are either helping us (Microbial Antagonism) or harming us.
40
Example of opportunistic bacteria
Escherichia coli - normally in our digestive tract where it causes no problems, but if it gets into the urinary tract it can become pathogenic. •Staphylococcus aureus – commonly found in the upper respiratory tract, but if it gets into a wound or a burn it can become pathogenic
41
What are probiotics
-Oral administration of living organisms to promote health –Species specific: adherence and growth (tropism)
42
What are prebiotics
Non-digestible food that stimulates growth or activity of GI microbiota, especially bifidobacteria and lactobacillus bacteria –Typically a carbohydrate: soluble fiber

Micro Gpp (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions