Normal Gait 6

Question 1

What is the ROM during the pre swing phase at the ankle joint?

Answer 1

15° of Plantarflexion

Question 2

What is the torque demand during the pre swing phase at the ankle joint?

Answer 2

Dorsiflexion torque rapidly decreases

Question 3

What is the muscle action during the pre swing phase at the ankle joint?

Answer 3

Calf muscle activity decreases

Pretibial muscle activity increases

Question 4

What is the functional significance during the pre swing phase at the ankle joint?

Answer 4

Forefoot on floor assists balance

Plantarflexion assists knee flexion and limb advancement

Question 5

What is the ROM during the pre swing phase at the subtalar joint?

Answer 5

Neutral

Question 6

What is the torque demand during the pre swing phase at the subtalar joint?

Answer 6

Inversion torque diminishes to zero

Question 7

What is the muscle action during the pre swing phase at the subtalar joint?

Answer 7

Anterior Tibialis begins to contract

Question 8

What is the functional significance during the pre swing phase at the subtalar joint?

Answer 8

Preparation for foot clearing the ground during swing

Question 9

What is the ROM during the pre swing phase at the MTP joint?

Answer 9

60° of extension

Question 10

What is the torque demand during the pre swing phase at the MTP joint?

Answer 10

Extension torque rapidly decreases

Question 11

What is the muscle action during the pre swing phase at the MTP joint?

Answer 11

Calf muscle activity decreases

Question 12

What is the functional significance during the pre swing phase at the MTP joint?

Answer 12

Forefoot on floor assists balance

Question 13

What is the ROM during the pre swing phase at the knee joint?

Answer 13

Flexes to 40°

Question 14

What is the torque demand during the pre swing phase at the knee joint?

Answer 14

Flexion torque demand

Question 15

What is the muscle action during the pre swing phase at the knee joint?

Answer 15

Minimal knee flexor activity from Gracilis

Rectus femoris may be active

Question 16

What is the functional significance during the pre swing phase at the knee joint?

Answer 16

Contributes to knee flexion

Rectus femoris may restrain speed of knee flexion

Question 17

What is the ROM during the pre swing phase at the hip joint?

Answer 17

10° of extension

Question 18

What is the torque demand during the pre swing phase at the hip joint?

Answer 18

Hip extension torque diminishes

Question 19

What is the muscle action during the pre swing phase at the hip joint?

Answer 19

Adductor longus contracts concentrically

Rectus femoris may be active

Question 20

What is the functional significance during the pre swing phase at the hip joint?

Answer 20

Limb advancement begins

Hip flexion motion contributes to knee flexion

Question 21

What is happening to the pelvis during the pre swing phase?

Answer 21

Remains in 5° of backward rotation in horizontal plane

Question 22

What is the ROM during the initial swing phase at the ankle joint?

Answer 22

5° of Plantarflexion

Question 23

What is the torque demand during the initial swing phase at the ankle joint?

Answer 23

Very low level plantar flexion torque

Question 24

What is the muscle action during the initial swing phase at the ankle joint?

Answer 24

Pre tibial muscles contract concentrically to initiate dorsiflexion

Question 25

What is the functional significance during the initial swing phase at the ankle joint?

Answer 25

Dorsiflexion is needed to clear foot in next phase begins

Question 26

What is the ROM during the initial swing phase at the subtalar joint?

Answer 26

Neutral

Question 27

What is the torque demand during the initial swing phase at the subtalar joint?

Answer 27

None to slight inversion torque

Question 28

What is the muscle action during the initial swing phase at the subtalar joint?

Answer 28

Anterior Tibialis stabilizes medially

Question 29

What is the functional significance during the initial swing phase at the subtalar joint?

Answer 29

Foot positioned to clear the ground

Question 30

What is the ROM during the initial swing phase at the MTP joint?

Answer 30

Flexion to neutral position and is maintained there throughout swing

Question 31

What is the torque demand during the initial swing phase at the MTP joint?

Answer 31

Flexion torque which quickly decreased

Question 32

What is the muscle action during the initial swing phase at the MTP joint?

Answer 32

EHL and EDL peak in activity

Question 33

What is the functional significance during the initial swing phase at the MTP joint?

Answer 33

Toes stabilized allowing EHL and EDL to facilitate dorsiflexion at ankle

Question 34

What is the ROM during the initial swing phase at the knee joint?

Answer 34

Flexion to 60°

Question 35

What is the torque demand during the initial swing phase at the knee joint?

Answer 35

Knee flexion torque

Question 36

What is the muscle action during the initial swing phase at the knee joint?

Answer 36

Peak in activity of the short head of biceps femoris, Sartorius, and Gracilis

Question 37

What is the functional significance during the initial swing phase at the knee joint?

Answer 37

Foot clears floor as thigh begins to advance

Question 38

What is the ROM during the initial swing phase at the hip joint?

Answer 38

15° of flexion

Question 39

What is the torque demand during the initial swing phase at the hip joint?

Answer 39

Hip extension torque initial which approaches zero by end of phase

Question 40

What is the muscle action during the initial swing phase at the hip joint?

Answer 40

Iliacus, Gracilis, Sartorius, and adductor longus active

Question 41

What is the functional significance during the initial swing phase at the hip joint?

Answer 41

Limb advancement continues

Question 42

What is happening at the pelvis during the initial swing phase?

Answer 42

Remains in 5° of backward rotation in horizontal plane