Normal Values

Question 1

Aortic Root

Answer 1

2.0 - 3.7 cm

Question 2

LA (Left Atrium)

Answer 2

1.9 - 4.0 cm

Question 3

IVS

Answer 3

0.6 - 1.1 cm

Question 4

LVPWd

Answer 4

0.6 -1.1 cm

Question 5

LVd

Answer 5

3.5 - 5.6 cm

Question 6

LVs

Answer 6

2.1 - 4.0 cm

Question 7

Ascending Aorta

Answer 7

< 3.9 cm

Question 8

RVID (MID)

Answer 8

1.9 - 3.5 cm

Question 9

RVID (BASAL)

Answer 9

2.5 - 4.1 cm

Question 10

RA

Answer 10

< 4.4 cm

Question 11

LVOT diameter

Answer 11

1.8 - 2.2 cm

Question 12

AV opening

Answer 12

1.5 -2.6 cm

Question 13

EF

Answer 13

50-90%

Question 14

FS

Answer 14

25 -46%

Question 15

LA Volume

Answer 15

Normal: 16 - 34
Mild: 35 - 41
Moderate: 42 - 48

Question 16

PHTN (Pulmonary Hypertension)

Answer 16

Mild: 40 - 50 mmHg
Moderate: 50 - 70 mmHg
Severe: > 70 mmHg

Question 17

PAct (Pulmonary Artery Acceleration Time)

Answer 17

Normal: Greater than or equal to 120 ms
Mild: 80 - 100 ms
Moderate: 60 - 80 ms
Severe: < 60 ms (Flying W)

Question 18

TAPSE

Answer 18

Greater than or equal to 1.6 cm

Question 19

TDI

Answer 19

Greater than or equal to 10 cm/sec

Question 20

RVH (Right Ventricular Hypertrophy)

Answer 20

< 0.5 cm

Question 21

LVH (Left Ventricular Hypertrophy) - Male

Answer 21

Normal: 0.6 - 1 cm
Mild: 1.1 - 1.3 cm
Moderate: 1.4 - 1.6 cm
Severe: > Greater 1.6 cm

Question 22

LVH (Left Ventricular Hypertrophy) - Female

Answer 22

Normal: 0.6 - 1 cm
Mild: 1.1 - 1.3 cm
Moderate: 1.4 - 1.6 cm
Severe: > 1.5 cm

Question 23

DIASTOLIC FUNCTION
E/A Ratio

Answer 23

Normal: Greater than or equal to 0.8
Grade I Impaired Relaxation: Less than 0.8
Grade II Pseudo Normal: 0.8 - less than 2
Grade III A Reversible Restritive: Greater than or equal to 2
Grade III B Fixed Restrictive: Greater than or equal to 2

Question 24

DIASTOLIC FUNCTION
E’ Septal

Answer 24

Normal: Greater than or equal to 7 cm/s
Grade I Impaired Relaxation: Less than 7 cm/s
Grade III Pseudo Normal: Less than 7 cm/s
Grade III A Reversible Restrictive: Less than 7 cm/s
Grade III B Fixed Restrictive: Less than 7 cm/s

Question 25

DIASTOLIC FUNCTION E’ LATERAL

Answer 25

Normal: Greater than or equal to 10 cm/s Grade I Impaired Relaxation: Less than 10 cm/s Grade III Pseudo Normal: Less than 10 cm/s Grade III A Reversible Restrictive: Less than 10 cm/s Grade III B Fixed Restrictive: Less than 10 cm/s

Question 26

Diastolic Function E/E Average

Answer 26

Normal: Less than or equal to 10 Grade I Impaired Relaxation: Less than or equal to 10 Grade III Pseudo Normal: 10 - 14 Grade III A Reversible Restrictive: Greater than or equal to 14 Grade III B Fixed Restrictive: N/A

Question 27

DIASTOLIC FUNCTION LAP (Left Atrial Pressure)

Answer 27

Normal: Normal Grade I Impaired Relaxation: Low/Normal Grade III Pseudo Normal: Elevated Grade III A Reversible Restrictive: Elevated Grade III B Fixed Restrictive: Elevated

Question 28

DIASTOLIC FUNCTION TR Velocity

Answer 28

Normal: Less than 2.8 m/s Grade I Impaired Relaxation: Less than 2.8 m/s Grade III Pseudo Normal: Less than 2.8 m/s Grade III A Reversible Restrictive: Less than 2.8 m/s Grade III B Fixed Restrictive: Less than 2.8 m/s

Question 29

TRICUSPID VALVE STENOSIS MG (Mean Pressure Gradient)

Answer 29

Normal: N/A Mild: Less than 2 mmHg Moderate: 2 -5 mmHg Severe: greater than or equal to 6 mmHg

Question 30

TRICUSPID VALVE STENOSIS PHT (Pressure Half Time)

Answer 30

Normal: N/A Mild: N/A Moderate: N/A Severe: Greater than 190 ms

Question 31

TRICUSPID VALVE STENOSIS TVA (Tricuspid Valve Area)

Answer 31

Normal: 5 - 8 cm^2 Mild: N/A Moderate: N/A Severe: Less than 1 cm^2

Question 32

TRICUSPID VALVE STENOSIS VTI (Velocity Time Interval)

Answer 32

Normal: N/A Mild: N/A Moderate: N/A Severe: Greater 60 cm

Question 33

TRICUSPID VALVE STENOSIS Vmax

Answer 33

Normal: Less than 1m/sec. Mild: N/A Moderate: N/A Severe: N/A

Question 34

PULMONIC VALVE STENOSIS PG (Peak Gradient)

Answer 34

Normal: N/A Mild: Less than 36 mmHg Moderate: 36 - 64 mmHg Severe: Greater than 64 mmHg

Question 35

PULMONIC VALVE STENOSIS PVA (Pulmonic Valve Area)

Answer 35

Normal: 3.5 - 5 cm^2 Mild: Greater than 2 cm^2 Moderate: 1 - 2 cm^2 Severe: Greater 1 cm^2