Normality, Mental Health And Mental Illness Flashcards
(34 cards)
What is the socio-cultural approach?
Describes normality and abnormality in terms of what a particular society and culture views as acceptable or unacceptable behaviour.
What is an example of socio-cultural approach?
In Aus people marry one person (normal), in other countries normal to marry more than one person
What is the functional approach?
Thoughts, feelings and behaviour are considered normal if the individual is able to cope with living independently (function) in society.
What is an example of the functional approach?
Being able to feed and clothe yourself, find a job, make friends, it is normal to stay in bed all day now and then (sick/tired) but to do it everyday is not normal.
What is the historical approach?
Based on the notion that, within a particular society or culture, what is considered normal and abnormal can change over time.
What is an example of the historical approach?
Homosexuality used to be mental disorder, now it’s common and normal. Smacking a child used to be normal, now it is abnormal and parent could be charged.
What is the situational approach?
Within a society or culture, thoughts, feelings and behaviour that may be considered normal in one situation may be considered abnormal in another.
What is an example of situational approach?
Normal to wear pjs to bed, abnormal to wear pjs to school
What is the medical approach?
States that abnormal behaviour is an “illness” that has an underlying biological (physical) cause which may be inherited, or develop from problems associated with brain structure, brain activity or brain chemistry
What is the statistical approach?
Normality is how most people think, feel or behave and abnormal behaviour is how few people think, feel or behave.
What is normality?
A pattern of thoughts, feelings or behaviour that conforms to a usual, typical or expected standard within a cultural context.
What is abnormality?
A pattern of thoughts, feelings and behaviours that are deviant, distressing and dysfunctional (X3 D)
What is mental health?
A state of emotional and social wellbeing in which individuals realise their own abilities, can cope with normal stresses of life, can work productively and can contribute to a community. On a continuum, we may be more or less mentally healthy.
What is a mental illness?
A psychological dysfunction that usually involves impairment in the ability to cope with everyday life, distress, thoughts, feelings and behaviour not typical of the person and inappropriate in their culture.
What is the biopsychosocial framework?
An approach to describing and explaining how biological, psychological and social factors combine and interact to influence a person’s physical and mental health.
What is classification?
Refers to the organisation of items into groups on the basis of their common properties, often groups into which items are organised are called categories.
What are the underlying principles of classification?
It enables order and organisation, it makes it easier to identify and understand relationships between different groups, the use of specific terms as labels for different categories assists communication between people who use them.
What are the two main approaches to classifying mental disorders or illnesses?
Categorical approach and dimensional approach.
What is the categorical approach?
An approach to classifying mental disorders involving an assessment of whether an individual has a disorder on the basis of symptoms and characteristics that are described as typical of the disorder.
What are examples of the categorical approach?
DSM-IV-TR and ICD-10
What is the DSM?
A categorical system for diagnosing and classifying mental disorders based on recognisable symptoms that are precisely described for each disorder.
What is in the DSM?
Known causes of the disorder, statistics (gender, age at onset, and prognosis), prevalence, whether it is likely to affect others in the family, description of how the disorder will progress. DOES NOT CONTAIN TREATMENTS FOR DISORDERS
What are the 5 axis of the DSM called?
- Clinical disorders, 2. Personality Disorders and Mental Retardation, 3. Generic mental conditions, 4. Psychological and environmental problems/stressors, 5. Global assessment of functioning
When making a diagnosis all 5 axis must be taken into account to fully evaluate the individuals mental condition.
What is the ICD-10?
International Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders. the international standard of classifying and diagnosing all diseases and health problems. A categorical system for diagnosing and classifying mental disorders based on recognisable symptoms that are precisely described for each disorder.
