norms

Question 1

cervical flex/extension

Answer 1

0-45 degrees seated, axis - ear, stationary - in line w trunk, moving tip of nose

Question 2

cervical rotation

Answer 2

0-60 seated axis- top of head midline, stationary & moving tip of nose

Question 3

cervical lateral flexion

Answer 3

0-45 seated axis-c7 stationary- in line w spine

Question 4

shoulder flexion

Answer 4

0-180 supine, knees bent stationary- midline thorax, axis- acromion/humeral hea

Question 5

shoulder extension

Answer 5

0-60 prone, stationary- parallel to thorax
axis- greater tubericle
moving- midline of humerus

Question 6

shoulder abduction

Answer 6

0-180
supine axis- acromion
stationary- parallel w thorax
moving- humerus

Question 7

shoulder internal rotation

Answer 7

0-70
supine- towel under shoulder
axis- olecranon
stationary- perpendicular to floor
moving- ulnar styloid

Question 8

shoulder external rotation

Answer 8

0-90
supine-towel under shooulder
axis- olecranon
stationary- perpendicular to floor
moving- ulnar styloid

Question 9

elbow flexion/extension

Answer 9

0-150 supine towel under elbow
axis- lat epicondyle
moving- radial styloid
stationary- humeral head

Question 10

wrist/forearm supination

Answer 10

0-80 seated w forearm supported
axis- ulnar styloid
stationary- perpendicular to floor
moving- volar surface

Question 11

wrist/forearm pronation

Answer 11

0-80 seated
axis- ulnar styloid
stationary- perpendicular to floor
moving- dorsal surface

Question 12

wrist flex/extend

Answer 12

0-80/0-70 seated
axis- ulnar styloid
stationary- in line with ulna
moving- in line w 5th met

Question 13

wrist rad/uln dev

Answer 13

0-20, 0-30 seated
axis- capitate
stationary- mid forearm
moving- 3rd met

Question 14

thumb cmc abduction

Answer 14

0-70 seated w hand on pinky side
axis- cmc thumb
stationary- second met
moving- 1st met

Question 15

thumb mcp flex/extend

Answer 15

0-50/0 seated hand on pinky side
axis- mcp thumb
stationary- 1st met
moving- proximal phalynx

Question 16

finger mcp flex/extend

Answer 16

0-90/0-45 hand on pinky side
axis- mcp joint
stationary- 2nd met
moving- proximal phalynx

Question 17

thoracolumbar flex/extend

Answer 17

standing- tape measure 10cm
in line w c7 to s2
inclinom 0-60/0-25
top at t1 bottom s2

Question 18

thoracolumb lateral flexion

Answer 18

0-35 standing
axis- s1
stationary- perpendicular to floor
moving- c7

Question 19

thoracolumbar rotation

Answer 19

0-45 seated - towel between thighs
axis- top of head
stationary- iliac crest
moving- acromion

Question 20

hip flexion

Answer 20

0-120 supine
axis greater troch
stationary- midline thorax
moving- lat epicondyle of femur

Question 21

hip extension

Answer 21

0-20 prone
axis-greater troch
stationary- midline thorax
moving- lat epicond of femur

Question 22

hip ab/add

Answer 22

0-45/0-30 supine
axis- asis
stationary- across both asis
moving- line w patella

Question 23

hip int/ext rotation

Answer 23

0-45 seated (towel under knee)
axis- patella
stationary- perp to floor
moving- midline/shaft of tibia

Question 24

knee flex/extend

Answer 24

0-135 supine (towel under knee to see hyperextend)
axis- lat epicond of femur
stationary- greater troch
moving- lat malleolus

Question 25

ankle dorsi/plantar flexion

Answer 25

0-20/0-50 seated axis- lat maleolus stationary- fibular head moving- metatarsals

Question 26

ankle inversion/eversion

Answer 26

0-35/0-15 seated axis- between lat and medial malleoli stationary- in line w tib tuberosity moving- 2nd met

Question 27

great toe flex/extend

Answer 27

0-45/ 0-70