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Northwestern Qs Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

Highest L.E.T?

A

Alpha

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2
Q

Filtration for fluoro? xx mm Al?

A

2.5

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3
Q

What phase occurs first in acute radiation syndrome?

A

Prodromal period

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4
Q

Purpose of filters in a film badge?

A

determine energy of exposure

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5
Q

Which cells are more radiosensitive? oxygenated or hypoxic?

A

oxygenated

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6
Q

An autotransformer has only one:

A

coil

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7
Q

What is the fulcrum in traditional tomography?

A

focal plane

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8
Q

what provides current to produce the electron cloud/space charge?

A

step-down transformer

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9
Q

Which phase of film processing is alkaline?

A

Developer

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10
Q

Narrow window width on digital image? =

A

decreased range of densities and increased contrast

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11
Q

What does increased size in crystals in intensifying screens do?

A

Increase magnification, decrease recorded detail, increase intensification factor

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12
Q

What bone forms medial border of obturator formaen?

A

Pubis

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13
Q

What position best demonstrates the splenic flexure ?

A

LAO

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14
Q

Where are the mandibular condyles in relation to the petrous pyramids for properly positioned SMV?

A

anterior

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15
Q

photostimulable imaging plate loses what % of energy in 8 hrs?

A

25%

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16
Q

in an image intensifier, which phosphor is larger?

A

input > output

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17
Q

effective dose for knee XR?

A

.005 mSv

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18
Q

The concept of a sensitive key molecule is the basis for which theory?

A

Target theory

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19
Q

Which structure of the eye is the most radiosensitive?

A

Lens

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20
Q

What kind of mAs/Kvp combo would result in least pt dose and lowest heat delievered to anode?

A

Low mAs and high kVp

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21
Q

What kind of e-wave has the highest frequency?

A

Gamma

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22
Q

Sour-to-skin distance minimum for stationary fluoro?

A

15 in

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23
Q

Symptoms of hematologic syndrome?

A

Vomiting + diarrhea, malaise + lethargy

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24
Q

What does the autotransformer do?

A

increase kVp

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25
`Tungsten is an ideal anode material for which 3 reasons?
1. high melting point 2. high atomic number 3. abiliity to conduct heat
26
What happens if blue/green screens/films are mismatched?
resulting film is too light
27
Which component is uniquely essential to digital fluoro?
ADC
28
Increasing thickness of phoshpor layer in screens results in ?
1. increased intensification factor 2. decreased detail
29
What does the phosphor in PSP do during XR exposure?
traps electrons
30
Right colic flexure best demonstrated in which position?
RAO
31
What position is hand in for supine lateral projection of humerus?
posterior aspect against pt side
32
Most accurate pulse measurement?
Apical
33
when does leakage radiation occur?
when an exposure is made
34
what kind of radiation gives pt highest dose?
alpha
35
what dose will cause temporary sterility in females?
200 rads
36
what is the minimum source to table top distance for mobile fluoro units?
12 in
37
what kind of generator would give 120 electric pulsese to an XR tube per second?
single-phase full wave rectification
38
what current is required to heat the filament in an XR tube?
3-4 amps
39
what indicator do cassetteless systems use as an indicator of exposure?
DAP
40
What is pixel pitch?
the space between pixels
41
Histogram analysis does NOT
manipulate image contrast
42
what kind of joint is synarthrodial?
costochondral joints
43
what is a common complication of central venous line placement?
pneumothorax
44
30 keV XR photon ejects k-shell e w/ binding energy of 3 kEv - resultant energy of photoelectron?
27 kEv
45
amount of leakage radiation from tub should not exceed?
100 mR/hr at 1 meter
46
blend of CT/nuc med - uses positron-emitting radionuclide?
PET
47
LD 50/60 for humans w/ min clinical support?
320-540 Rads
48
irradiation of human cells produces:
unstable molecules, free radicals, toxic substances
49
how many coulombs/kg in the Roentgen?
2.58 x 10^-4 C/kg
50
stochastic radiation response?
all or nothing
51
what contributes most to general population exposure each year?
radon gas
52
how does the IR move during conventional linear tomography?
opposite the tube
53
longer scale of contrast, ____ exposure latitude?
increased
54
LUT in digital imaging, purpose?
reference to eval raw image formation, correct luminance values, give image appropriate brightness/contrast
55
mitral stenosis?
narrowing of bicuspid valve (atrium to ventricle)
56
thoracic duct function?
lymph to L subclavian vein
57
what drug to give in case of severe anaphylactic shock after contrast administration?
adrenaline
58
early symptoms anaphylactic shock?
itching, sneezing, nausea
59
majority of DNA damage results from ____ ____ of radiation
indirect effect
60
BEIR VII report in 2005 supports previous _____ _____ risk model
linear nonthreshold
61
occupational radiation monitoring is required when it is likely an individual will receive ___ _____ in any single year
0.5 rem
62
according to NRCP report 93, ____ _____ are the largest artificial source contribution to average annual effect dose equiv in US
diagnostic XR
63
metal filters used in film badges are used to...?
determine radiation energy/exposure
64
radiation-induced cataracts are considered to be _______, ______ effects
non-linear, threshold
65
output current from the secondary of the transformer is ______ _____
alternating current
66
most constant voltage to XR tube provided by..??
3 phase, 12 pulse
67
magnification mode for multifocus II is used...
spatial resolution is improved
68
sampling frequency and pixel pitch are used to determine:
spatial resolution
69
what digital imaging system converts XR to light prior to producing the image?
indirect flat panel (not CR
70
what test is not used to determine TB infection status?
VRSA
71
what uses zinc cadmium sulfide in the phosphor layer?
II output screen
72
where is the mitral valve?
between the L atrium and L ventricle
73
a higher kVp results in a _____ latitude
narrower

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