nose Flashcards
1
Q
__part of nose is bony and __ is cartilaginous
A
upper 1/3 rd bony
lower 2/ 3 cartilagenous
2
Q
shape of septal cartilage is ??
A
quadrilateral
3
Q
vidian neurectomy improve the symptoms in
A
vasomotor rhinitis
4
Q
part bw 2 nasal vestibules is called as
A
columella
5
Q
osseocartilagenous junction on dorsum of nose is ?
A
rhinion
6
Q
sensory epithelium from nose is derived from
A
neural tube
7
Q
boundaries of internal nasal valve are
A
laterally limen nasi and inf turbinate medially nasal septum and inferiorly floor by pyriform aperture
8
Q
imp of nasal valve
A
area of greatest constriction of respiratory tract
9
Q
patency of nasal valve is checked by ?
A
cottle test
10
Q
schneiderian membrane is lines ?
A
lower 2/3 rd of nasal cavity and upper1/3 rd is lined by olfactory epithelium
11
Q
largest turbinate is
A
inferior turbinate
12
Q
largest meatus is ?
A
inferior meatus
13
Q
nasolacrimal duct opens in
A
inferior meatus
14
Q
nasolacrimal duct is closed by
A
hasner duct
15
Q
wht opens into middle meatus
A
opening of anterior grp of sinus which r maxillary sinus , frontal sinus ,and anterior ethmoidal
16
Q
wht is agger nasi
A
curved ridge above atrium is called agger nasi it may get pneumatised from ethmoid is k/a agger nasi cell
17
Q
bulla ethmoidalis represents which part of bone
A
middle ethmoidal air cells
18
Q
which is sickel shaped bone behind middle meatus
A
uncinate process
19
Q
wht opens into superior meatus
A
posterior ethmoidal cells
20
Q
sphenoethmoidal recess opens into
A
superior meatus
21
Q
name anterior ethmoidal cells
A
•bulla ethmoidalis •agger nasi
•haler cells
cells in floor of orbit
22
Q
name posterior ethmoidal cells
A
onodi cells most post ethmoidal air cells related to optic nerve and int carotid artery
23
Q
septum proper is formed from
A
•septal cartilage/quadrilateral cartilage •perpendicular plate of ethmoid •vomer #other bony contributors are •nasal spine of frontal bone •crest of Palatine bone •crest of maxilla •rostrum of sphenoid
24
Q
littles area is formed from
A
L labial artery
E ant ethmoidal a
G greater Palatine
S sphenopalatine a
25
unicinate process is part of which bone
ethmoid bone
26
meatus r part of which bone
superior and middle turbinate r part of ethmoidal bone and inf meatus is itself a separate bone
27
nasal cycle is cyclical alternste nasal blockage occurring every
2-4hrs
28
parosmia
perversion of smell
29
structures seen on posterior rhinoscopy
* both chonae •post end of nasal septum •opening of eustachian tube
* posterior end of sup/middle and inf turbinates
* fossa of rosenmuller •torus tubaris
* adenoids
* roof and posterior wall of nasopharynx
30
IOC for paranasal sinus is
CT scan
31
where is sphenopalatine foramen
post end of middle turbinate points to opening of sphenopalatine foramen
it is a communication bw nadal cavity and pterygopalatibe fossa
32
structures passing through sphenopalatine foramen
maxillary nerve 2 branches
• nasopalatine br
•sup nasal br
• sphenopalatine br of maxillary artery
33
ext nose is formed from number of cartilages
3 paired +1 unpaired •paired upper lateral
•paired lower nasal
•lesser alar cartilage • unpaired septal cartilage
34
direction of nasolacrimal duct
downwards backwards
| laterally
35
cause of saddle nose
```
H hematoma O
operative
T
trauma (most common)
S
syphilis
A
abscess
L
Leprosy
T
tuberculosis
```
36
mcc of saddle nose
nasal trauma
37
crooked nose
dorsum is deviated but tip in midline
38
deviated nose is ?
dorsum and tip are straight but deviated to one side
39
chonal atresia is due to persistent which membrane?
bucconasal membrane
| rht is more common than left
40
choanal ateresia is associated with which syndrome
```
C coloboma H
heart defects
A
atresia of choana
R
retarted growth
G
genital anomalies E ear anomalies
```
41
Rhinophyma is due to
hypertrophy of sebaceous glands
they r holocrine glands
seen in long standing cases of acne rosea
42
mc malignant tumor of nose
bcc
43
frustenberg test is
it is for nasal encephalocele ie on bilateral compression of int jugular vein leads to inc in size of mass
44
IOC for nasal encephalocele
MRI
| BIOPSY IS C/I
45
diffren ence between nasal glioma and encephalocele
nasal glioma is detached encephalocele thus it non compressible
and frustenberg test negative
46
which is preferred septoplasty or smr
septoplasty as it is conservative
47
can septal surgery be done before 17 yrs
no it should be done after 17 to allow growth of nasal skeleton
48
killians incision is for
smr given 1.25 cm behind columella
49
freers incision is for
for septoplasty
50
which ds causes perforation of bony part of septum
syphilis
51
which ds causes perforation of cartilaginous part
lupus tb
| leprosy
52
which procedure is helpful in dx of choanal atresia
passing red rubber catheter
breath sounds by stethoscope endoscopy of nose
acoustic rhinometery
53
wht is required to prevent synechiae
| after nasal surgery
mitomycin
54
is fess c/i below 12 yrs
no
55
which sinus is not effected by dns
sphenoid sinus
56
whole septum is perforatedby which ds
wegner granulomatosis
57
sluders neuralgia
ant ethmoidal syndrome it is pain around bridge of nose radiating to forehead it is said to originate
from middle turbinate
it is also ka contact point headache
58
mc site for nasal hemangioma
nasal tip
59
mc site for lupus vulgaris of nose
mucocutaneus junction of nasal septum
60
apple jelly nodules are characteristic of ??
lupus vulgaris
61
mikulciz ds is another name of
rhinoscleroma
62
cause of rhinoscleroma is
klebsiella rhinoscleromatis
63
stages of rhinoscleroma
```
1 atrophic stage
resembles
atophic rhinitis
2. granulomatous stage
proliferative ds characterized by pressence of mikulicz cells
subdermal woody feel
there is broadnening of nose due to thickening of skin with characteristic hebra nose
3.Cicatericial stage
adhesions ,stenosis
leading to formation of taper nose
```
64
biosy finding of rhinoscleroma
russels cells
| mikuliz cells
65
a 42 yr man comes with foul smelling nasal discharge and crusting on examination there are painless nodules in nasal mucosa and there is woody feel over nose wht is likely to found on biopsy
it is a typical case of rhinoscleroma on biopsy there will be characteristic russel and mikulicz cells
66
tapir nose is seen in
rhinoscleroma
67
rhinoscleroma 5 imp words
```
klebsiella rhinoscleroma russel and mikulicz cells
3 stages
woody feel
hebra nose
taper nose
```
68
causative agent of rhinosporidiosis
rhinosporidium seeberi a protozoan
69
most common mode of affection of rhinosporidiosis
contaminated water of pond
| common in farmers and peopke bathing in ponds
70
35 yr old farmer presents with pink colored polypoidal mass in nasal cavity which bleeds on touch it is studded with white dots pt also complains of blood stained nasal discharge
wht is treatment
classic case of rhinosporidiosis
biopsy will reveal multiple several sporangia and spores
treatment is endoscopic excision followed by cauterization of its base
medical management is with dapsone
inj is with corticosteroids and amphotericin
71
most commonest fungal infection of nose is
aspergillosis
72
causative organisms of aspergillosis
aspergillus fumigatus
73
mucormycosis is different from other fungal inf how
it has a great predilection for blood vessel and arteries leading to extensive endothelial damage and thrombosis leading to black necrotic nass filling entire cavity
74
killians polyp is another name of
antrochoanal polyp
75
antrochoanal polyp effects which age group
children and young adults
76
most common site of ethmoid polyp arise
ethmoid sinus
77
antrochoanal polyp arise from
maxillary antrum
78
age grp having ethmoidal polyp
30-60 yrs older adults
79
cause of ethmoidal polyp
allergy
80
cause of antrochoanal polyp
allergy + infection
81
which polyps are unilateral
| and bilateral
unilateral are antrochoanal polyp and bilateral are ethmoidal polyp
82
are antrochoanal polyp seen on ant rhinoscopy
no they r posterior so visalused on post rhinoscopy
83
IOC for nasal polyp is
NCCT
84
TOC FOR nasal polyp are
FESS
85
samter triad include
asthma
| aspirin intolerance nasal polyp
86
multiple nasal polyp is associated with ___
mucoviscidosis
87
unilateral foul smelling discharge in a child is pathognomic of
foreign body
88
recurrent polyps are
ethmoidal polyp
89
midline non healing granuloma of nose are
wegners granuloma stewarts granuloma stewarts granuloma is called lethal midline granuloma
90
wht is stewarts granuloma
it us ka lethal midline granuloma
| or midfacial lymphonait ulcerates nasal cartilage and bone it is strongly associated with ebv
91
type of syphilis effects nose
tertiary
92
mulberry like nasal muc osa
| is seen in
hypertrophy rhinitis
93
cause of atrophic rhinitis
klebsiella ozanae
94
cause of
| a atrophic rhinitis
```
H hereditary
E
endocrinal estrogen deficiency R
racial factors
N nutritional
I infective
autoimmunei..
```
