Nose

Question 1

Persistence of bucconasal membrane is ka————-

Answer 1

Choanal atresia

Question 2

What is Mc governs technique?

Answer 2

Child can breathe with a nipple with wide bore .

Question 3

What is Charge syndrome?

Answer 3

Coloboma of eye, heart defect,choanal atresia, retarded growth,genitourinary abnormality, ear defect

Question 4

Junction of frontal and nasal bone is ka

Answer 4

Nasion

Question 5

Junction of nasal bone and upper lateral cartilage is called as

Answer 5

Rhinion

Question 6

Junction of upper and lower lateral cartilage is called as

Answer 6

Limen nasi

Question 7

Limen nasi is also called as

Answer 7

Limen vestibule or nasal valve

Question 8

Narrowest part of nasal canal is

Answer 8

Nasal valve area/nasal valve

Question 9

Internal nose is divided into

Answer 9

Vestibule and nasal cavity proper

Question 10

Vestibule is lined by

Answer 10

Skin, sebaceous gland and hair follicles and hair called as vibrissae

Question 11

Boundaries of nasal valve are

Answer 11

Laterally~lower border of upper lateral cartilage and head of inferior turbinate. Medially~cartilagenous nasal septum and caudally ~floor of pyriform aperture

Question 12

Significance of nasal valve area is

Answer 12

Narrow thus provide resistance. During expirations eddy currents are formed which ventilate the sinuses

Question 13

Pneumatisation of turbinates is called as

Answer 13

Concha bullosa

Question 14

Mc turbinate to undergo pneumatisation is

Answer 14

Middle turbinate

Question 15

Mc turbinate to undergo hypertrophy is

Answer 15

Inferior turbinate

Question 16

Appearance of concha bullosa is

Answer 16

Uniform like a polyp

Question 17

Mulberry like appearance is shown by

Answer 17

Hypertrophic turbinate

Question 18

Eustachian tube opens at

Answer 18

1cm behind inferior turbinate

Question 19

Length of Eustachian tube is

Answer 19

36 mm

Question 20

What is the pad of fat around Eustachian tube opening called

Answer 20

Ostman pad of fat

Question 21

Where does sphenopalatine foramen open

Answer 21

1cm behind middle Meetu’s

Question 22

—————— is the approach to reach the contents of sphenopalatine fossa.

Answer 22

Cadwell luk

Question 23

Boundaries of sphenopalatine fossa are

Answer 23

Ant~maxillary sinus , post~pterygoid plate, medial~lateral wall of nasopharynx and lateral~infratemporal fossa

Question 24

Sphenopalatine fossa is connected to infratemporal fossa by

Answer 24

Pterygoid maxillary fissure

Question 25

Contents of sphenopalatine fossa are

Answer 25

Maxillary artery and nerve and sphenopalatine ganglion

Question 26

Nasolacrimal duct open into

Answer 26

Inferior Meetu’s

Question 27

Nasolacrimal duct is guarded by

Answer 27

Mucosal valve Ka hasner’s valve

Question 28

The middle turbinate is attached to lateral wall by a bony lamella is

Answer 28

Basal/ground lamella

Question 29

Cells of anterior ethamoidal sinuses are

Answer 29

Bulls ethamoidalis, haller cell and aggar nasi

Question 30

Haller cell enlargement can block the drainage of

Answer 30

Maxillary sinus by blocking ethamoid infundibulum.

Question 31

Enlarged aggar nasi can block the drainage of

Answer 31

Frontal sinus

Question 32

Opening on bulla ethamoidalis is

Answer 32

Middle ethamoid sinus

Question 33

Opening on hiatus semilunaris is

Answer 33

Ant~frontal sinus. Middle~anterior ethamoidal . Post~maxillary sinus

Question 34

Hiatus semilunaris is

Answer 34

1-2 mm area between uncinate process and bulla ethamoidalis

Question 35

Natural ostium of maxillary sinus is located in

Answer 35

Lower part of infundibilum

Question 36

Space above or behind the bulla is ka

Answer 36

Suprabullar or retrobullar recess

Question 37

Sinus Lateralis of grunwald is formed by

Answer 37

Suprabullar and retrobullar recess

Question 38

Boundaries of infundibulum in middle meatus is

Answer 38

Medially by uncinate process and frontal process of maxillary bone and laterally by lamina papyrus EA

Question 39

Sphenoethamidal recess is present at

Answer 39

Above superior meatus, sphenoid sinus open into it

Question 40

Drainage into superior meatus is by

Answer 40

Posterior ethamoid | Sinus aka onidi cell

Question 41

Surgery of onidi cell can damage

Answer 41

Internal carotid artery and optic nerve

Question 42

Onidi cell is present in relation to which structure when enlarged

Answer 42

Sphenoid sinus

Question 43

Parts of nasal Septum

Answer 43

Columellar septum,membranous septum and septum proper

Question 44

Septal cartilage rests on ——— and ———

Answer 44

groove on anterior edge of vomer bone and anterior nasal spine.

Question 45

Dislocation of septal cartilage from groove of vomer bone and anterior nasal spine is called as ——— and ———-

Answer 45

Septal spur and caudal septal deviation

Question 46

Cottles test is used to diagnose

Answer 46

DNB

Question 47

Incision of SMR is called as

Answer 47

Killian incision

Question 48

Incision of septoplasty is ka

Answer 48

Freer’s incision

Question 49

DNB is associated with ——— development errors

Answer 49

Cleft lip, cleft palate,dental abnormalities,arched palate as in adenoidd hypertrophy and unequal growth between palate and base of the skull causes buckling of nasal septum

Question 50

Development of nasal septum is by

Answer 50

Tectoseptal process which descends to meet two halves of palate in midline

Question 51

Clinical features and their cause in DNB

Answer 51

1. Obstruction 2. headache-due to spur 3. epistaxix-drying effect of air cause crusting and removal of crust cause bleeding. Also by spur 4. sinusitis-decreased ventilation of sinuses 5. Anosmia-less air reaches 6. Middle ear infection 7. Cosmetic defect

Question 52

Small anterior perforations of the septum cause ——— sounds

Answer 52

Whistling

Question 53

Aetiology of septal abscess

Answer 53

1. Secondary infection of septal hematoma 2. post furuncle of nose or upper lip 3. after measles or typhoid

Question 54

Severe complications of septal abscess are

Answer 54

Meningitis and cavernous sinus thrombosis

Question 55

Clinical features of septal abscess are

Answer 55

Severe b/l nasal obs with pain and tenderness over bridge of the nose and fever chills with frontal headache. The skin of nose may be red and swollen.septal mucosa often congested.fluctuation may be elicited in the swelling.