Nose anatomy

Question 1

Name the surface anatomy of the nose

Answer 1

Root
Dorsum
Tip
Ala
Septum
Philtrum of upper lip

Question 2

What kind of cartilage makes up the nose?

Answer 2

Hyaline cartilage

Question 3

Why must adrenaline containing anaesthesia not be used on the cartilage?

Answer 3

Avascular so will cause disintegraton

Question 4

What forms the roof of the nasal cavity?

Answer 4

Cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone with crista galli on the cranial aspect

Question 5

What lies either side of the crista galli?

Answer 5

Olfactory bulbs

Question 6

What makes up the septum?

Answer 6

The perpendicular plate of the cribriform bone plus the vomer inferiorly

Question 7

What is the third part of the ethmoid bone?

Answer 7

Labyrinth

Question 8

What structure can Le Fort II and III fractures disrupt?

Answer 8

Cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone

Question 9

What danger lies in disrupting the cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone?

Answer 9

Infection from nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses into the anterior cranial fossa

Question 10

Which bone does the superior and middle nasal concha form a part of?

Answer 10

Ethmoid, specifically the labyrinth

Question 11

What group of bones does the inferior concha belong to?

Answer 11

Facial bones

Question 12

The septal cartilage is avascular. Where does it get its nutrients from?

Answer 12

Diffusion from nasal mucosa

Question 13

What kind of mucosa is in the nostril?

Answer 13

Keratinised stratified squamous epithelium

Question 14

Respiratory epithelium is associated with the conchae. What type of mucosa is this?

Answer 14

Pseudo stratified columnar with cilia and goblet cells.

Question 15

What kind of gland is present in the olfactory epithelium which makes odorants soluble?

Answer 15

Bowman’s glands

Question 16

Where are the receptor cells for scent?

Answer 16

In the olfactory mucosa

Question 17

Where is the olfactory bulb?

Answer 17

Anterior to optic chiasm and is the cell body of the 2nd neurone

Question 18

Where does the olfactory tract end?

Answer 18

Temporal lobe

Question 19

What bone does the receptor cell pass through to get to the olfactory bulb?

Answer 19

Cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone

Question 20

On what side of the nose is the receptor cell?

Answer 20

Lateral

Question 21

Which nerves supply the touch sensation of the nose?

Answer 21

V1 and V2

Question 22

Where can nasal pain refer to?

Answer 22

The teeth

Question 23

What is V1 called?

Answer 23

Ophthalmic division

Question 24

What is V2 called?

Answer 24

Maxillary division

Question 25

What arteries supply the face and where do they originate from?

Answer 25

Ophthalmic, maxillary and facial arteries. | Come from both the internal and external carotids

Question 26

What 4 arteries anastamose on the nasal septum to form Kisselbach's area?

Answer 26

Labial artery Ethmoidal Greater palatine Sphenopalantine

Question 27

Where do the anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries originate from?

Answer 27

Ophthalmic artery

Question 28

Where do the sphenopalantine and greater palantine arteries originate from?

Answer 28

Maxillary artery

Question 29

Where is the sphenoethmoidal recess?

Answer 29

Superior to the superior concha but inferior to the sphenoethmoidal junction

Question 30

Where does the mucous from the paranasal sinuses drain to?

Answer 30

Meatuses

Question 31

Where does the frontal sinus drain to?

Answer 31

Middle meatus

Question 32

Where does the ethmoidal air cells drain to? | PLURAL

Answer 32

Superior and middle

Question 33

Where do tears drain to?

Answer 33

Inferior meatus via the nasolacrimal duct

Question 34

What is sinusitis?

Answer 34

Inflammation of the mucosa of paranasal sinuses

Question 35

Why can URTI cause sinusitis?

Answer 35

Swelling of the mucosa reduces the diameter of the ostia and therefore the space to drain out of

Question 36

Why is maxillary sinusitis common?

Answer 36

Drains against gravity since ostia is located superiorly

Question 37

What is another word used to mean maxillary sinus?

Answer 37

Antrum

Question 38

Which nerve innervates the lacrimal gland?

Answer 38

Greater petrosal from facial